2022届高中英语虚拟语气基本知识过关训练.pdf

1 (每日一练)2022 届高中英语虚拟语气基本知识过关训练 单选题 1、If I _ my dog run out in the street,it wouldnt have been injured by the car.Dont blame yourself any more.Owning a pet is a tough job.Ahadnt letBdidnt letCwouldnt letDwouldnt have let 答案：A 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我没有让我的狗在街上跑，它就不会被汽车撞伤了。别再自责了。养宠物是一项艰巨的工作。根据下文 it wouldnt have been injured by the car 可知表示与过去事实相反的情况。其句型为“if+主语+动词的过去完成时，主语+would/could/should/might+have+动词的过去分词”。故选 A。小提示：if 引导虚拟语气 1).表示与现在事实相反的情况，其句型为“if+主语+动词的过去式（be 动词用 were），主语+would/could/might/should+动词原形”。如：If the weather were fine,we would go to Shanghai.如果天气好，我们就去上海。（事实上天气不好）If they had time,they would/could/might go with me.如果他们有时间，他们就会（可能）和我一起去。2).表示与过去事实相反的情况。其句型为“if+主语+动词的过去完成式，主语+would/could/should/might+have+动词的过去分词”。如：If I had taken his advice,I shouldnt/wouldnt/couldnt have made such a mistake.2 如果我按照他的建议去做，我一定不会（不可能）犯这样的错误。3).表示与将来事实可能相反的假设和结果，其句型为“if+主语+动词的过去式/should+动词原形/were to+动词原形，主语+would/could/might/should+动词原形”。如：The glass would break if you dropped it.杯子摔下来会打破的。（事实上没有摔下来）If it should rain,the crops would/could/might be saved.假如天下雨，庄稼就一定（有可能）会得救。2、Our teacher recommends that we _ as attentive as possible when we visit the museum.AareBshall beCought to beDbe 答案：D 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：老师建议我们参观博物馆时，要尽可能地专心。根据句子分析可知，recommend 表“建议”，后跟宾语从句，从句中谓语动词应用“(should)+do”，故选 D。3、They demanded that the right to vote _ to every adult.Awas givenBwas givingCbe givingDbe given 答案：D 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：他们要求给予每个成年人投票权。demand 表示“要求”时，所接宾语从句用虚拟语气，即从句谓语部分是（should）+动词原形，又由动词 give 和从句主语 the right to vote 之间是动宾关系，所以使用被动语态 be given。故选 D 项。4、The manager demanded that the workers the task ahead of schedule.AaccomplishingBaccomplishedCaccomplishDto accomplish 答案：C 解析：3 考查虚拟语气。句意：经理要求工人们提前完成任务。动词 demand 意为：要求，其宾语从句的谓语动词由“(should)+动词原形”构成，其中 should 可省略，故选 C 项。5、If it _ rain tomorrow,I should not drive my car.Awere toBwillCwouldDis to 答案：A 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：如果明天下雨，我应该不会开我的车。分析句子结构可知，本句考查 if 引导的虚拟语气，根据 tomorrow 判断此处是与将来事实相反，故用 were to/should+do，故选 A 项。6、His suggestion _ to see the exhibition interested every one of us.Athat we goBwhich we should go Cthat we would goDwhen we should go 答案：A 解析：考查同位语从句和虚拟语气。句意：他提议去看美术展，这使我们每个人都很感兴趣。分析句子可知“to see the exhibition”为同位语从句，补充说明主语 suggestion，故用 that 引导。此处 suggestion 译为“建议”，其后从句使用虚拟语气，结构为：主+should do，should 可以省略。故选 A 项。7、If she _ generous as she makes out she would have donated more money in the catastrophe.Ahad beenBwere Cwould beDwas 答案：B 解析：考查虚拟语气。从句首的 if（如果）与主句的 would have done（早就做）可判断本题考查虚拟语气，并且根4 据主句时态可以判断是与现在事实相反的假设，所以 if 从句用一般过去式，be 动词要用 were。虚拟语气中，be 动词的一般过去时只能用 were 不能用 was，故选 B。小提示：If 条件句引导的虚拟语气，一般有三种形式。与现在事实相反：If+主语+did(be 用 were)，主语+would/should/might/could+动词原形。与过去事实相反：If+主语+had done，主语+would/should/might/could+have done。与将来事实相反：If+主语+were to do/should do，主语+would/should/might/could+动词原形。虚拟语气做题方法是在正常时态上往前推一个时态，用往前推了时态表达虚拟的不真实性。只要学生记住我们上边列出的这三种形式，做题是轻而易举的。8、Mary insisted that the car _ right away.ArepairedBto be repairedCshould repairDbe repaired 答案：D 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：玛丽坚持要马上把汽车修好。根据句意可知，insist 意为“坚决主张”，其后的宾语从句中用“should+动词原形”的虚拟语气，should 可省略，汽车是被修理，因此空格处用（should）be repaired，故选D。9、_ the rain stop，the crops would be saved.AWillBWould CShouldDHad 答案：C 解析：考查虚拟语气中省略 if 的倒装。句意为：如果雨停了的话，庄稼将会得救。根据语可知，本句是对将来情况的假设，因此从句的谓语动词可用 should+动词原形。如 If 条件句中如有 were,should 或 had 时，可把 if 省略，并把 were,should 或 had 提到主语的前面，使用倒装语序。因此此句可用“should动词原形”。从句为省略 if 将5 should 提前构成的倒装。故选 A。小提示：If 虚拟条件句:虚拟语气是说话人为表达一种假设,或一种主观愿望,即认为动词所表示的动作或状态并非真实或仅是主观设想时所用的动词形式.(1)与过去事实相反的：if 从句用主语+had done，主句:主语+would/could/might/have done If you had got up earlier,you could have caught the train.如果你早一点起床，就会赶上火车的。(2)与现在事实相反的：if 从句用主语+did/were,主句主语+would/could/might do If I had time now,I would study French.如果我现在有时间，我会学习法语的。(3)与将来事实相反的 if 从句用主语+一般过去时/were to do/should do，主句用主语+should/would/could do If he were to come here,he would tell us about it.如果他要来的话，他会通知我们一声 If she knew English,she would not ask me for help.如果她懂英语的话，她不会找我帮忙的。If it should be fine tomorrow,I would go shopping.如果明天天气好，我就去买东(4)If 虚拟条件句的倒装形式，省略连词 if。英语中，如果虚拟条件从句中有助动词或情态动词 were，had 或 should，可以把 if 省略，把而把were,had,should 放到主语之前，构成主谓倒装。Had you asked me,I would have told you.(=If you had asked me,)如果你问我，我会告诉你。Were he to come here(=If he were to come here),he would tell us about it.如果他来这里，他会告诉我们这件事。Should it be fine tomorrow(=If it should be fine tomorrow),I would go shopping.如果明天天气好，我就去购物。10、Without his inspiring experiences,Faraday_ electromagnetic induction.AdiscoveredBhadnt discoveredChave discoveredDwouldnt have discovered 6 答案：D 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：没有他那鼓舞人心的经历，法拉第就不会发现电磁感应。根据题干中的 without 可知本句是含蓄条件句，相当于 if 引导的虚拟条件从句，所以其主句的谓语动词则用相应的形式。根据语境 without his inspiring experiences“没有他那鼓舞人心的经历”，可知是对过去情况的否定虚拟，所以主句的谓语动词需用would/could/might/should have done。故选 D。