(带答案)高考英语词法之动词知识点总结全面整理.pdf

1 (带答案)高考英语词法之动词知识点总结全面整理 单选题 1、As we know,a red jacket doesnt _ green pants.But when a little girl wore them,they _ her very well.Afit;suitedBsuit;fittedCfit;matchedDmatch;suited 2、Some people who are _ _ to the Internet.Aoff work,have no accessBout of work,have no access Coff work,are not accessibleDout of work,are not accessible 3、The teacher stressed again that the students should not _ any important details while retelling the story.Abring aboutBput awayCtake offDleave out 4、Will you _ and phone for me?Afavour meBdo me a favour Cin favour of meDask a favour 5、After all the delays,we were anxious to _ the lost time.Amake outBmake offCmake upDmake up for 6、They painted their faces white,imitating their masters and _them.Ataking part inBmaking fun of Chaving an effect onDgiving their lives to 7、It should be a fierce and interesting debate,as both participants are known for sticking to their guns,and neither is likely to _ the other.Amake contributions toBgive way to Cdonate toDlead to 2 8、The city plans to make 50,000 bicycles _ for rent to reduce pollution and ease traffic jams.AconvenientBsuitableCavailableDaccurate 9、In the end,we _ our New Years party with a song and everyone was deeply moved.AcompletedBconcludedCcoveredDcompared 10、Lack of mutual_not only gets in the way of your work,but it can also_your relationships and your self-esteem.Acomment differBrespect damage Cbenefit destroyDexpectation decorate 11、Mary didnt know who could _ the care of her elderly parents while she was abroad for further study.AassessBassistCassumeDaccess 12、Without proper lessons,you could _a lot of bad habits when practising the piano.Aset upBcatch upCpick upDkeep up 13、A fire _ in his car,which made it _ on the way.Abroke out;broken downBbroke out;break down Cbroken out;broken downDbroke down;break out 14、Why do you go to school by bike?Because its good for my health and it doesnt _ the air.AbreakBwasteCproduceDpollute 15、A recent study _ by researchers from three universities has suggested that having an interesting job in your fortes may reduce your risk of getting dementia in old age.Alooked intoBcarried outCput offDopened up 16、When will this be settled?3 A working party has been set up to _ the problem.Alook throughBlook upClook forDlook into 17、I _ a few words of Greek when I was there last year.Atook upBpicked upClooked upDset up 18、Zhang Fuqing,a war hero,has kept a low profile and_to his original heart despite the great contributions he has made_the nation for more than 60 years.Astayed true toBstayed put around Cstayed practical forDstayed rooted of 19、Never _ on the evaluation of the price for the antique _ to about 2,000 years ago.Adid he back down;dating from Bdid he back down;dating back Che backed down;dating from Dhe backed down;dating back.20、He was told he had no talent and would never _ as a professional dancer.Amake outBmake upCmake forDmake it 21、After hours of discussion,they finally _ a good solution.Acame upBcame up withCcame outDcame about 22、Taking exercise will _ a lot of calories.Acut downBburn outCturn outDburn up 23、Children might _ what they see.Thats why they shouldnt have access to violent films.AindicateBimitateCinnovateDinvestigate 4 24、The volunteer students were so nice that they _ to help neighbors clean their gardens.ArepresentedBofferedCpaidDprovided 25、Some people blame the smart phone _ the tragedy,yet in fact,peoples weakening self-control _.Afor,should blameBfor,is to blame Con,should be blamedDon,is to blamed 26、On the annual International Volunteers Day,the world_ the work of millions of people who give their time to help others.AabolishesBaccompaniesCacknowledgesDabsorbed 27、Every generation has the duty to _ heritage of knowledge from the past.Alet downBpass downCfall downDcut down 28、-Hello!May I speak to Bob?-Sorry,but he _ for a month.Ahad been awayBwas leftCleftDhas been away 29、We were so busy after graduating from school that we_each other.Amade a fortuneBstayed in touch withCheard fromDlost track of 30、Once he had calmed down he _ to tell us what had happened.AexceededBprocessedCproceededDsucceeded.31、AirAsia,the largest budget carrier in Asia,has _ plans to open over 100 restaurants globally within the next five years.AdeclaredBannouncedCclaimedDaddressed 32、Some students cant _ their study and often feel sleepy in class.Afeed onBwork onCdepend onDconcentrate on 5 33、Of the six people injured in the crash,only two _.AcancelledBsurvivedCattractedDpublished 34、People _ forget things more frequently as they get older.Atend toBintend toCused toDadapt to 35、Why did Nelson Mandela_ violence to make black and white people equal?Alose heartBset upCturn toDput up 36、What would you do if you got,_,a million dollars？AtellBtalkCspeakDsay 37、Youd better _ all the needless words in your composition to make it shorter.Across outBput downCcarry onDgive away 38、Legend has it that the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival is to _the soul of Qu Yuan.AhandleBmotivateCqualifyDrecall 39、Ill try to improve my English in high school and Im sure all my efforts will_.Aget offBput offCpay offDturn off 40、The police think the investigation can _ the fact that the woman is not guilty of the terrible crime.AclarifyBconveyCovercomeDcomprise 41、The weather condition there was very tough,and it took them four days to _ 90 miles.AspreadBrushCcoverDcontinue 42、After breakfast,I packed up and_ again.Aset outBset upCset downDset in 43、The Allied forces then prepared to enter Germany,where they would _ the Soviet military moving in 6 from the east.Ameet up withBcome up withCput up withDcatch up with 44、I started to _ my daily English learning in my WeChat Moments.Akeep track ofBkeep touch withCkeep away fromDlose track of 45、He had to _ to his wife in order to avoid being overheard by their nosy neighbors.AwhisperBscreamCroarDremark 7 (带答案)高考英语词法之动词_015 参考答案 1、答案：D 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们都知道，红夹克和绿裤子不相配。但是当一个小女孩穿着它们的时候，它们非常适合她。fit，suit 和 match 为近义词，三者都有“适合”的意思；fit 侧重表示尺寸、大小或形状上的吻合；suit侧重于表示符合某人口味或特质；match 侧重表示两个物体颜色、性状方面的协调；根据句意可知，第一空强调颜色方面的匹配，所以要用 match，第二空强调符合小女孩的特点，所以要用 suit。故选 D 项。2、答案：B 解析：考查固定短语。句意：有些失业的人无法上网。第一空表示“失业”短语为 be out of work；off work 表示“休假，没有上班”不符合语境；第二空表示“无法使用”短语为 have no access to；be accessible to 表示“可用的，可接近的”，强调状态；此处强调无法上网的动作应用 have no access。故选 B。3、答案：D 解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：老师再次强调，学生在复述故事时不应该遗漏任何重要的细节。A.bring about 引起；B.put away 放好；C.take off 起飞；D.leave out 遗漏。根据后文“any important details while retelling the story”指遗漏细节，应用 leave out。故选 D。4、答案：B 解析：考查动词短语。句意：你愿意帮我一个忙，替我打个电话吗？根据 do sb a favour（帮某人一个忙）结合句意，可知选 B。5、答案：D 8 解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：耽搁了这么久之后，我们急着把失去的时间赶回来。A.make out 理解；B.make off离开；C.make up 编造；D.make up for 弥补。根据宾语 the lost time 可知此处指“弥补”，故选 D。6、答案：B 解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们把脸涂成白色，模仿他们的主人并且戏弄他们。A.take part in 参与(某事)；参加(某活动）；B.make fun of 取笑，戏弄；C.have an effect on 对有影响，对起作用，产生效果；D.give life to 赋予生命。根据句子结构和意思可知，他们把脸涂成白色就有搞笑的意味，所以是为了戏弄人才把脸涂成白色的。故选 B。7、答案：B 解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：这应该是一场激烈而有趣的辩论，因为双方都以坚持自己的立场而闻名，双方都不太可能向对方让步。make contributions to“捐献；贡献”；give way to“让步”；donate to“赠送；捐款”；lead to“导致”。根据上文“It should be a fierce and interesting debate,as both participants are known for sticking to their guns”可知，双方都固执己见，因此推断两个人都不肯让步。故选 B。小提示：8、答案：C 解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：该市计划提供 5 万辆自行车供出租，以减少污染和缓解交通堵塞。A.convenient方便的；B.suitable 合适的，适当的；C.available 可获得的，可用的；D.accurate 精确的。根据下文“to reduce pollution and ease traffic jams”可知，该市需要提供 5 万辆自行车进行出租，以此来减少污染和缓解交通堵塞。所以设空处应用 available，短语 available for rent 意为“可供出租的”。故选 C 项。9 9、答案：B 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，我们以一首歌结束了我们的新年晚会，每个人都被深深地感动了。A.completed 完成；B.concluded 结束；C.covered 覆盖；D.compared 比较。根据上文“In the end”可知是指以一首歌结束了新年晚会，应用 conclude。故选 B。10、答案：B 解析：考查动词和名词词义辨析。句意：缺乏相互尊敬不仅会妨碍你的工作，还会损害你的人际关系和自尊。comment“评论”，differ“有区别，有分歧”；respect“尊敬”，damage“损害；伤害”；benefit“益处；好处”，destroy“毁坏”；expectation“期待”，decorate“装饰”。根据句意，相互不尊重会妨碍工作，也会损害人际关系和自尊。故选 B。小提示：11、答案：C 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：玛丽不知道在国外深造期间谁能照顾她年迈的父母。A.assess 评价；B.assist 帮助；C.assume 假设，承担；D.access 接近，进入，获取。由语意可知，Mary 出国深造，就无法承担照顾年迈的父母的责任了，assume 符合语境，在宾语从句中作谓语，情态动词后用动词原形。故选 C 项。12、答案：C 解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果没有适当的训练，你在练习钢琴时可能会养成很多坏习惯。A.set up 建立，设立；B.catch up 追上，赶上；C.pick up（偶然）得到，学会；D.keep up 保持，继续。根据“a lot of bad habits”可知，此处表示学会很多坏习惯。故选 C。10 13、答案：B 解析：考查时态和动词短语辨析。句意：他的车起火了，在路上抛锚了。由上文“A fire”可知，第一空表示着火，应用短语 break out，意为“突然发生；爆发”，句子描述的是过去的事，应用一般过去时，所以第一空应用 broke out；第二空表示“车坏了”，应用固定搭配 break down，意为“（机器、车辆等）发生故障”，且 make sb./sth.do 是固定搭配，表示“使做”，所以第二空应用 break down，故选 B。14、答案：D 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：你为什么骑车去上学？因为这对我的健康有好处且不污染空气。A.break 打破；B.waste 浪费；C.produce 生产；D.pollute 污染；由语意和常识可知，骑自行车很环保，不会污染空气，故选 D项。15、答案：B 解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：最近由三所大学的研究人员进行的一项研究表明，拥有一份自己擅长的有趣的工作可能会降低老年患痴呆症的风险。A.looked into 调查；B.carried out 执行，实施；C.put off 推迟；D.opened up打开，开业。根据“A recent study”和“by researchers”可知，此处表示由研究人员执行的一项研究。故选 B。16、答案：D 解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：这件事什么时候能解决？已成立工作组调查这个问题。A.look through 浏览；B.look up 查阅，仰望；C.look for 寻找；D.look into 调查。根据后文“the problem”可知指调查问题，应用 look into。故选 D。17、答案：B 11 解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：去年我在那里时学会了几个希腊语单词。A.took up 占据；B.picked up 学会；C.looked up 查阅，查找；D.set up 建立。结合语境，此处表示我在希腊时，学会了几个希腊语单词，pick up 表示“学会”符合语意。故选 B 项。18、答案：A 解析：考查动词短语和介词。句意：张富清，一位战争英雄，尽管 60 多年来为国家做出了巨大贡献，但他一直保持低调，忠于自己的初心。A.stayed true to 始终如一，到；B.stayed put around 保持不动，围绕；C.stayed practical for 保持务实，为了；D.stayed rooted of 保持扎根，的。第一空，结合语意，表示“忠于自己的初心”应用短语 stay true to ones heart，应填 stayed true；第二空，make great contributions to 表示“为做出巨大贡献”，所以空处应填 to。故选 A 项。19、答案：B 解析：考查部分倒装和固定短语。句意：他对这件约两千年前的古董的估价从未让步。第一空，否定副词 never 置于句首，要采用部分倒装，即：did he back down；第二空，固定短语 date back to 追溯到，故选 B。20、答案：D 解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：他被告知他没有天赋，永远不会成为一名职业舞蹈演员。A.make out 辨认出；B.make up 组成；C.make for 有助于；D.make it 达到预定目标。由“as a professional dancer”可知，成为一名职业舞蹈演员是他的目标，因此空格处是“达到预定目标”。故选 D。21、答案：B 解析：12 考查动词短语辨析。句意：经过几个小时的讨论，他们终于想出了一个好办法。A.came up 走近；B.came up with 想出；C.came out 出版；D.came about 产生。根据后文“a good solution”指想出好办法，应用 come up with。故选 B。22、答案：D 解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：锻炼将会消耗许多卡路里。A.cut down 削减，砍伐；B.burn out 燃尽，熄灭；C.turn out 最后是；D.burn up 消耗。由“Taking exercise”可知，锻炼身体将有助于消耗卡路里热量。故选 D 项。23、答案：B 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：孩子们可能会模仿他们看到的东西。这就是为什么他们不应该接触暴力电影。A.indicate 表明；B.imitate 模仿；C.innovate 创新；D.investigate 调查。根据后文“Thats why they shouldnt have access to violent films.”可知，孩子不应该接触暴力电影是因为会模仿他们看到的东西。故选 B。24、答案：B 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：志愿者学生非常友好，他们主动提出帮助邻居打扫花园。A.represented 代表；B.offered 提供；C.paid 支付；D.provided 提供。根据语境，志愿者学生是友好的，所以他们会主动提出帮忙，offer to do sth.表示“主动提出做某事”符合语意。故选 B 项。25、答案：B 解析：考查固定动词短语搭配。句意：有些人把悲剧归咎于智能手机，但事实上，人们自我控制能力的削弱是罪魁祸首。根据句型结构和句意分析可知，此题考查 blame 的固定短语搭配。blame.for 表“因而责备”；be to blame 表“应承担责任；该受责备（或指责）的”，均为固定搭配。故选 B 项。13 26、答案：C 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：在每年的国际志愿者日，全世界向数百万志愿者表达感谢，感谢他们付出时间为帮助他人而从事的工作。A.abolishes 废除；B.accompanies 陪同；C.acknowledges(公开)感谢；D.absorbed 吸收。根据句意和常识可知，国际志愿者日就是向志愿者致敬和表达感谢的日子。故选 C 项。27、答案：B 解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：每一代人都有责任把过去遗留下来的知识传给下一代。A.let down 使失望，辜负；B.pass down 传下来；遗传；C.fall down 跌倒；D.cut down 削减，砍倒。由语意可知，“传承知识”应用动词pass down，此处为动词不定式作宾语 duty 的后置定语。故选 B 项。28、答案：D 解析：考查时态。句意：-我能找一下 Bob 吗？-不好意思，他已经离开了一个月了。根据 for a month 可知，此处表示“已经离开一个月了”，强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，故应用现在完成时，且 leave 为瞬间性动词，只强调动作；be away 强调状态，故选 D。29、答案：D 解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们毕业之后如此之忙以至于不了解彼此的近况了。A.made a fortune 发财；B.stayed in touch with 与某人保持联系；C.heard from 收到某人的来信；D.lost track of 不了解.的情况。根据“We were so busy after graduating from school”可知，我们毕业之后如此之忙以至于不了解彼此的近况了，故选D 项。30、答案：C 14 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：他平静下来后继续告诉我们发生了什么事。A.exceeded 超过；B.processed 处理；C.proceeded 继续；接着做；D.succeeded 成功。根据“calmed down”及“to tell us what had happened”可知，“proceeded 继续；接着做”符合句意。故选 C。31、答案：B 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：亚洲航空公司，亚洲最大的廉价航空公司，宣布了在未来五年在全球开 100 多家餐馆。A.declared 宣称，断言；B.announced 宣布；C.claimed 声称，断言；D.addressed 演讲，称呼。根据句意可知，此处表示“宣布计划”，用动词 announce。故选 B 项。32、答案：D 解析：考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：一些学生不能集中精力学习，经常在课堂上感到困倦。A.feed on 喂食，喂养；B.work on 从事于；C.depend on 依赖；D.concentrate on 集中注意力于。根据空后“often feel sleepy in class”可知，空处需用动词短语 concentrate on，表示因为不能集中注意力学习，所以上课经常感到困倦。故选 D。33、答案：B 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：在车祸中受伤的六个人中，只有两人幸存。A.cancelled 取消；B.survived 幸存；C.attracted 吸引；D.published 出版。根据句意可知，句中六人在车祸中受伤了，由此可知，句中指受伤的六人中只有两人幸存，句子陈述的是过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，动词要用过去式。故选 B 项。34、答案：A 解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：随着年龄的增长，人们趋向于更频繁地忘记事情。A.tend to 趋向于；B.intend to 打 15 算做；C.used to 过去常常；D.adapt to 适应。根据语境，随着年龄增长，人们变老，会趋向于频繁地忘记事情，空处应填 tend to，表示“趋向于”符合语意。故选 A 项。35、答案：C 解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：为什么纳尔逊曼德拉为了让黑人和白人平等而诉诸暴力？A.lose heart 失去信心；B.set up 建立；C.turn to 求助于；D.put up 张贴。根据句意分析可知，此句应表示“求助于暴力”，所以 turn to 符合题意。故选 C 项。36、答案：D 解析：考查动词。句意：如果你有，比如说一百万美元，你会做什么？A.tell 告诉；B.talk 谈话；C.speak 说；D.say 不如说。动词 say 可作“比如说”解，相当于 for example，作插入成份。故选 D。37、答案：A 解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：你最好把作文中所有不必要的字都删去，把它缩短些。A.cross out 删去（字句）；B.put down 放下；C.carry on 继续；D.give away 赠送。根据句中“to make it shorter”可知，为了使作文缩短些，应该是删去文中所有不必要的字，cross out 意为“删去（字句）”，符合句意。故选 A 项。38、答案：D 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：传说，端午节的起源是为了召唤屈原的灵魂。A.handle 处理；B.motivate 激发；C.qualify（使)有资格/权利；D.recall 召回；叫回。根据句意和常识可知，端午节源于召回屈原的灵魂，故选 D。39、答案：C 16 解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：我会在高中努力提高我的英语，我相信我所有的努力都会有回报的。A.get off 动身；逃脱惩罚；B.put off 推迟；脱下；C.pay off 还清；(某行动)取得成功；带来好结果；D.turn off 关闭。结合从句主语“my efforts(我的努力)”表达积极有意义的事情，说明“我”相信努力会带来好的结果。故选 C 项。40、答案：A 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：警方认为调查可以澄清这名女子没有犯下可怕罪行的事实。A.clarify 澄清；B.convey 传达，传递；C.overcome 克服；D.comprise 组成。结合“the investigation”以及“the fact that the woman is not guilty of the terrible crime.”可知，此处指澄清事实，clarify“澄清”符合题意。故选 A。小提示：41、答案：C 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：那里的天气条件非常恶劣，他们用了四天时间才走了 90 英里。A.spread 传播；B.rush 冲；奔；C.cover 行走（一段路程）；D.continue 继续。根据上下文“it took them four days to _ 90 miles.”可知，此处表示行走了 90 英里，故选 C。42、答案：A 解析：考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：早餐后，我收拾好行李，再次出发。A.set out 出发；B.set up 建立；C.set down 记下；D.set in 开始；到来。由上文“After breakfast,I packed up”可知，早餐后，“我”收拾好行李后，再次出发，故选 A。43、答案：A 解析：17 考查动词短语辨析。句意：随后，盟军准备进入德国，在那里他们将与从东部进入的苏联军队相遇。A.meet up with 和见面，碰见，邂逅；B.come up with 提出，想出；C.put up with 忍受，容忍；D.catch up with 赶上。盟军和苏联军队在德国会面。故选 A。44、答案：A 解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：我开始在微信时刻记录我每天的英语学习情况。A.keep track of 掌握的最新消息；了解的动态；B.keep touch with 和保持联系；C.keep away from（使）不接近；D.lose track of 不了解的情况，不了解的动态。根据 started to“开始”和 my daily English learning 可知，是了解英语学习动态。故选A。45、答案：A 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了避免被爱管闲事的邻居偷听到，他不得不对妻子耳语。A.whisper 耳语；B.scream 尖叫；C.roar 咆哮；D.remark 评论。根据句意，此处表达“耳语”，前面有 had to，后面接动词原形，whisper to sb.对某人耳语，符合题意。故选 A 项。