2021届大同市第四中学高三英语下学期期末考试试题及参考答案.pdf

2021 届大同市第四中学高三英语下学期期末考试试题及参考答案 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A Films to watch in March Greta A lonely young waitress finds a handbag on aNew Yorksubway train.Luckily,the address is inside,so she returns it to the piano teacher who left it there.She then discovers that the piano teacher makes a habit of dropping bags around the city on purpose to make new friends.Directed by Neil Jordan,the actors are attractive.Grace Moretz is the waitress and Isabelle Huppert is the one who admires her.Thanks to them,Greta winds up being far more enjoyable than it has any right to be.The Aftermath The Aftermath is one of the few World War-related films.Based on Rhidian Brooks novel,this touching romantic movie is starred by Keira Knightley,who is the wife of a British officer.She hates the Germans because her son was killed in an air raid.But is there a chance that a tall,dark andhandsome man might persuade her to overcome her hate?Captain Marvel It took Marvel Studios a decade to finally make a female superhero.Its also the first Marvel film to be directed by a woman,who has directed Half Nelson and Missisippi Grind.Captain Marvel is set in the 1990s.The Oscar-winning Brie Larson stars as Carol Danvers,a US Air Force fighter pilot,while Samuel L Jackson,as usual,plays Nick Fury.Dumbo Dumbo is a classic Disney cartoon,who has big ears and there have been plenty of those kind of movies in recent years.Burtonalways has inspirations to direct such kind of movies from Edward Scissorhands to Miss Peregrines Home for Peculiar Children.Magical figures have always been his favorite characters.1.What makes Captain Marvel special?A.Winning Oscar.B.Its female director.C.Time setting.D.A woman pilot.2.Which film is better for a 7-year-old kid to watch?A.The Aftermath B.Captain Marvel C.Grete D.Dumbo 3.Where can you most probably read the text?A.Readers Digest B.Nature C.Scientific American D.National Geographic B From Mozart to Metallica,tons of people enjoy listening to various types of music while they paint,write,or draw.Most believe that music helps increase creativity,but an international study conducted by English and Swedish researchers is challenging that view.The study results wereechoedby scientists fromLancasterUniversity,and theUniversityofGavle,saying their findings show music actually weakens creativity.To reach their conclusions,researchers had volunteers complete verbal problems designed to inspire creativity while sitting in a quiet room,and then again while music played in the background.They found that background music significantly weakened the volunteers ability to complete tasks connected with verbal creativity.The team also tested background noises like those commonly heard in a library,but found that such noises had no influence on subjects creativity.The tasks were simple word games.For example,volunteers were given three words,such as dress,rise,and flower.Then,they were asked to find a single word connected with all three that could be combined to form a common phrase or word.The single word,in this case,would be“sun”(sundress,sunrise,sunflower).Volunteers completed the tasks in either a quiet room,or while listening to two different types of music:rock music or light music“We found strong evidence of weakened performance when playing background music in comparison to quiet background conditions,”says co-author D.Neil McLatchie ofLancasterUniversity.He and his colleagues find that music negatively influences the verbal working memory processes of the brain,preventing creativity.Also,as far as the library background noises having seemingly no effect,the studys authors believe that was the case because library noises create a“regular state”environment that doesnt affect concentration.“To conclude,the findings here challenge the popular view that music increases creativity,and instead show that music,whatever type it is,is always a disadvantage for creative performance in problem solving,”the study reads.4.The underlined word in Paragraph 1 can be replaced by _.A.challenged B.accepted C.doubted D.heard 5.What were the volunteers asked to do in the study?A.To play music.B.To combine given words.C.To create new words.D.To connect words with music.6.What can we infer from the study?A.Quiet background inspires creativity best.B.Library noise does no harm to creativity.C.Music has a bad effect on language ability.D.Music types matter in creative performance.7.Which is the main idea of the passage?A.Quiet Environments Prevent Concentration.B.Background NoiseAffects Concentration.C.Composing Music Weakens Creativity.D.Listening to Music Reduces Creativity.C Thermoelectric generators turn waste heat into electricity without producing greenhouse gas emissions,like a free lunch.But the high cost of these devices has prevented their widespread use.Now,researchers have found a way to make cheap thermae-lectrices that work just as well.The work could pave the way for greener car engines,and other energy-generating devices.“This looks like a very smart way to realize high performance,”says Li-Dong Zhao,a materials scientist.He notes there are still a few more steps before these materials can become high-performing.However,he says,“This will be used in the not too far future.”Thermoelectrics are semiconductor devices placed on a hot surface.That gives them a hot side and a cool side.If a device allows the hot side to warm up the cool side,the electricity stops flowing.A devices success at preventing this,as well as its ability to conduct electrons,feeds into a score known as the figure of merit,or ZT.Researchers have produced thermoelectric materials with increasing ZTs.The record came in 2014 when Mercouri Kanatzidis came up with a tin selenide with a ZT of 3.1.Yet the material was too fragile to work with.“For practical applications,its a non-star-ter,”Kanatzidis says.Getting through that door will still take some time.The tin selenide the team makes is mixed with Na,creating a“p-type”material that conducts positive charges.To make working devices,researchers also need an“n-type”version to conduct negative charges.Zhaos team is now working on making an n-type version.Once successful,researchers should have a clear path to making a new generation of super-efficient thermoelectric genera-tors.Those could be installed everywhere from automobile exhaust pipes to water heaters and industrial smelters toscavengesome of the 65%of fossil fuel energy that winds up as waste heat.8.The first paragraph wants to tell us_.A.The wide use of thermoelectric generators B.The devices of current thermoelectric generators C.The reason why researchers make cheap thermoelectrics D.The greener car engines that contribute to environmental protection 9.How does Li-Dong Zhao feel about cheap thermoelectric generators?A.Indifferent.B.Optimistic.C.Critical.D.Worried.10.What do you know about the research in 2014 from paragraph 4 and 5?A.It was far from a success for practical applications.B.A tin selenide with a ZT of 3.1 can be easy to work with.C.Researchers made an“n-type”version to make working devices D.A“p-type”material made from the tin selenide conducts negative charges 11.What does the underlined word“scavenge”in the last paragraph mean?A.Recycle.B.Produce.C.Clean.D.Increase.D A Singaporean company will feed airport food waste to mealworms before turning them into fish feed,aiming to cut the countrys use of imported feed and offer a continuous alternative.Blue Aqua Internationalwill partner with Dnata,an air and travel services provider,to change organic waste at Singapores Changi Airport into insect protein for aquacultural use,according to a statement Tuesday.The project looks to replace traditional fish and soybean meal as the main sources of protein for aquafeed.The insects will eat the food waste and change it into part of the body containing about 60 per cent protein.The dried baby worms will then be made into feed.These mealworms can be a continuous solution to several problems.Using a small land and giving out less carbon,they turn food waste into feed and offer an alternative source of protein.Ynsect SAS,a small French business that keeps mealworms to feed fish and pets,attracted money from investors includingIron Manmovie actor Robert Downey Jr.in a round of fund-raising last year.The deal will give Singapores farmers access to domestically produced animal feed,which is traditionally bought from abroad.The Southeast Asian nation imports more than 90 percent of its food and has set a goal to produce a third of its food locally by 2030.It also aims to achieve a general recycling rate of 70 per cent by then.Presently,less than 20 per cent of Singapores food waste is recycled.As part of the partnership,Dubai-based Dnata will add Blue Aqua to its list of suppliers to buy locally farmed seafood for its catering service.12.What is the function of mealworms?A.To cut the use of imported fish feed.B.To eat food waste and make fish feed.C.To domestically produce animal feed.D.To replace traditional fish and soybean meal.13.What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about?A.The producers of the feed.B.The purpose of the project C.The advantages of the project.D.The composition of the feed.14.What can we infer about Singapore from Paragraph 5?A.It is a rich country.B.It is short of self-produced food.C.Its recycling rate is very high now.D.Its farmers dont support the deal.15.What is the text mainly about?A.A new way to produce fish feed.B.An introduction to a company.C.A plan to reduce food waste.D.A deal to protect farmers.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 Every day we spend hours and hours in front of our screens.When we are not working,we are watching TV series and movies,answering emails,playing video games,or watching our social networks,resulting in severe eye fatigue(疲劳)._16_.You can follow them to protect your eyes as much as possible.Adjust your screen to suit your need.Whenever you can,adjust the brightness and contrast of your screen.The lower the light and the lower the contrast,the less damage it will cause to your eyes.Whenever you can,turn on the dark mode in applications that allow it when its dark,or you dont have natural light in your environment._17_.If you wear glasses,use them when youre in front of your computer,tablet,or laptop,instead of moving closer to the screen to see whats on it.Rest your eyes.Experts recommend applying the so-called 20-20-20 rule:look away from your screen and at another distance(20 feet or six meters)for 20 seconds every 20 minutes._18_.Remember to blink to wet your eyes.It may sound absurd,but you might even want to set the alarm every few seconds to get used to it.Also,dont hesitate to use artificial tears if you feel that your eyes are dry all the time.Avoid using the screen as much as you can,at least the hour before you go to bed._19_.Youll even sleep better and more soundly.Finally,while opinions vary on its usefulness,you may want to consider using screen filters(过滤器)to filter out blue and green rays coming from your device._20_.This will reduce the glare effect without impacting on the readability of the screen.A.Your eyes and brain will thank you B.Dark mode is good for your eyes to relax C.This simple exercise will give your eyes some rest D.However,there are a number of expert recommendations E.Increase the distance you are from the device:the more,the better F.You can also try lying on bed with your eyes closed for a little while every 10 minutes G.You can try software like F.lux or RedShift to adjust the color1 temperature of your screen 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 After a long day work,I was heading home tired but happy.Stopping at a fruit market,I chose a_21_space and reversed(倒车)in.But then I was being_22_by one of these passers-by of almost running her daughter over.The girl was actually a teenager,who was old enough to have her own common_23_.It is seldom to see a little kid running wild in a carpark,where you would_24_.After I parked,I walked up to the lady and_25_her what else I could have done.When she pointed out that I was heading into one car space but changed my mind,I told her_26_that I had never intended for the parking space in front and mentioned that I had my reverse lights_27_.“So lets just regard it as a misunderstanding,shall we?”I suggested,rather than_28_with her about the parking.She said“Yes,lets”,but showed me her_29_face.Later,an elderly couple nearby who had_30_it all and told me I had_31_it well and that the angry woman was in the wrong.This_32_some comfort to me.While in the market,I thought about the_33_.If I had responded to the lady in anger,then I would have ended up taking her poison on too.But by managing to stay calm,there was a totally different_34_.Car parks in summer are never the most_35_places tobe anyway.Fuses(导 火 线)run short_36_the heat and busyness.People are likely to lose_37_in crowds.But if we are able to_38_other people instead of only thinking of ourselves,it will avoid adding more_39_to the fire.The car park incident left me with_40_and self-love while it left the other people with anger.I know which I would prefer.21.A.outer B.parking C.living D.working 22.A.invited B.pleased C.accused D.visited 23.A.sense B.idea C.interest D.behavior 24.A.read B.wonder C.rest D.stop 25.A.asked B.reminded C.ordered D.abused 26.A.lazily B.honestly C.quickly D.easily 27.A.up B.down C.on D.off 28.A.agree B.fight C.encourage D.supply 29.A.sad B.happy C.bored D.angry 30.A.possessed B.charged C.witnessed D.influenced 31.A.interrupted B.realized C.repaired D.handled 32.A.praised B.offered C.reduced D.fixed 33.A.incident B.fortune C.progress D.evidence 34.A.content B.scene C.goal D.result 35.A.lovely B.difficult C.exciting D.amazing 36.A.apart from B.regardless of C.due to D.in case of 37.A.temper B.heart C.balance D.belief 38.A.instruct B.guide C.consider D.introduce 39.A.powder B.water C.salt D.fuel 40.A.reaction B.peace C.confidence D.passion 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 Before highspeed rail,it took around 34 hours to travel more than l,600 kilometers by train from Beijing to Lanzhou via Baotou.For railway fans,the trip was,and still is,really_41._treat.After_42._(leave)at night from Beijing,you wake up the next morning to be greeted by the sight of the plains of Inner Mongolia.In the distance,to the north you see low mountains,and to the south,hills.The plains themselves are mostly empty,except for grass and periodically sheep,or_43._(end)fields of wheat or sunflowers shining in all_44._(they)glory in the summer sun.Within the sleeper carriage,_45._little else to do,people talk or play cards,and soon a small community_46._(develop)among the passengers.Near Baotou the Yellow River winds along the hills south of the rail line.Its waters_47._(fill)with the characteristic silt（淤泥）that g