2021届山东省枣庄市第三中学高三英语第一次联考试卷及答案.pdf

2021 届山东省枣庄市第三中学高三英语第一次联考试卷及答案 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A As a nation,we are getting bigger and eating more.But there are effective ways to control your appetite and eat only as much as you need.Keep away from low-nutrition snacks That means ice cream,sweets,chips biscuits,cakes and any other salty orsugary snacks you eat between meals.Although we have a tendency to eat them,you can learn to live without these unhealthy-and-fattening-additions to your diet.Try to make it a habit to eat them only when offered at social events or as a special treat.Leave half an hour between main course and dessert Having a break between courses gives your brain time to receive the fullness signal and make you more likely to refuse the sweet stuff.And,in fact,as soon as you feel the first signals of fullness,remove your plate from the table.That will tell your brain that food time is over.Make yours a small helping Put an end to super-sized portions.You wont be missing outtodays small was the medium or large of a few decade ago.Select or serve yourself a modest portion and eat it slowly enjoying the flavors.Before you know it,small will feel just right.Whats more,ordering the smaller size leads to wearing the smaller size.Distract yourself When you find yourself hunting down food,even though youre even hungry,do something else for 20 minutes.Drink a large glass of water as thirst is often confused with a desire for food.Choose something that engages your brain as well as your hands,such as writing a letter or listening to a song.You could also go for a short walk or do something that you enjoy.If you think you really are hungry,set an alarm for 20 minutes time and if you still want to eat when it rings,fine.If not,the urge will have passed.1.Which way suits you better if you tend to order a large portion of food?A.Distract yourself.B.Make yours a small helping.C.Keep away from low-nutrition snacks.D.Leave half an hour between main course and dessert.2.Why should you have a break between main course and dessert?A.To give people time to chat.B.To have a good appetite for sweet stuff.C.To reduce appetite for dessert.D.To give the host time to remove your plate.3.When you find yourself pursuing for food,what should you do?A.Eat some biscuits.B.Eat some sugary snacks.C.Have some soft drinks.D.Listen to a lovely melody.B It was New Year time,but I wasntlooking forward to it.That winter,my mother and my stepfather moved our family toSouthern California.My brother and I were leaving our ruralAlabamabehind.This would be our first New Year away fromAlabama.My mother took toCalifornialike a swan to a royal lake.My athletic little brother,Paul,was keyed up at a climate that allowed him to go to the beach whenever he wanted.I,however,was a fat child with heavy southern pronunciation.My first day in the new class,I introduced myself in a low voice.The moment I opened my mouth to speak,the whole class burst into laughter,“He talks funny.”It was so frustrating that I went to place a call to Granny Smith after school,who was my biggest support,But I didnt get through.On Sunday evening,the phone rang.It was Granny.She often took advantage of the discounted long-distance rates on Sundays.She said shed shipped a New Year package.Sure enough,it arrived.Surprised at the box,large enough to hold a small refrigerator,we eagerly tore it open.The smell of Grannys house filled the room:a combination of fried meat,sausages,furniture polish and decorations.Her house was tiny and always filled withtackyholiday decorations and homemade food before New Year.But in my childhood eyes,it was precious and fantastic.There were countless tins and containers.We open hem to discover piles of holiday treats.She even included our traditional candy bats.The box was as bottomless as a magical box.There,beneath all these,was familiar holiday.Every New Year that we spent inCalifornia,the postal service would call and say our package was arrived.Over the years,many treasures arrived in the box.For me,its always been the best part of the holiday.4.How did the authors brother feel when they were moving toCalifornia?A.Indifferent.B.Joyful.C.Appreciative.D.Disappointed.5.Why did the authors classmates laugh at him?A.He spoke in a low voice.B.He made a humorous talk.C.He looked overweight.D.He had a strong accent.6.What does the underlined word“tacky”probably mean?A.Suitable.B.Expensive.C.Cheap.D.Attractive.7.Which of the following can be the best title of the text?A.Grannys Care Package B.An UnforgettableHoliday C.Our Move toCalifornia D.A Telephone Call from Granny C Brain cells work to actively forget memories during a specific period of sleep.When we sleep our brains clear out the memories weve made while were awake,deciding what to keep and what to get rid of.Forgetting is an active process,explained the authors of the study published in the journal Science.But less is known about this process during the different periods of sleep.They found that during the rapid eye movement(REM)sleep period or active sleep when we are thought to dream special nerve cells appear to actively contribute to forgetting.What are known as melanin-concentrating hormone-producing(MCH)neurons(神经元)sit in the hypothalamus(下丘脑):a part of the brain which helps with a range of functions such as sleep,appetite and emotions.Past research has suggested these cells help to control REM sleep patterns:activating the MCH neurons increasing time spentin this period,while preventingthemreducing changes into this period.The scientists looked at MCH cells in mice,and found 52.8 percent were active during REM sleep,compared with 35 percent when the mice were awake.Study co-author Thomas Kilduff,director of the Center for Neuroscience at SRI International,told Newsweek the team was surprised to find that mice performed better on learning and memory tasks when the MCH cells were prevented.“This result suggests that activation of the MCH neurons may affect memory that is,MCH neurons may facilitate forgetting,”Kilduff explained.When asked what motivated the study,Kilduff said,“We hope the work could deepen our understanding of Alzheimers disease.Understanding the neural basis of learning and memory is a huge area of neuroscience research because of its effects on our everyday lives,as well as diseases such as Alzheimers disease.Prior to this work,no one suspected that MCH neurons had anything to do with forgetting,”said Kilduff.8.What can we infer from paragraph 1?A.Forgetting is a passive process.B.The forgetting process is known to us.C.Some memories are forgotten while we are awake.D.Certain memories are removed while we are asleep.9.What does the underlined word“them”in paragraph 2 refer to?A.REM sleep patterns.B.Past researches.C.MCH neurons.D.A range of functions.10.Why did Kilduffs team conduct the research?A.To publish the study in the journal Science.B.To know more about Alzheimers disease.C.To contribute to humans forgetting.D.To explore our everyday lives.11.What can we know about MCH?A.MCH cells takes control of REM sleep patterns.B.MCH neurons may disturb memory consolidation.C.MCH neurons have nothing to do with forgetting.D.MCH cells help mice performing better on learning.D Learning to say“yes,and”When I first heard about the improvisation(即兴交流)class,I was hesitating.As a quiet and shy girl,I feared improvising in front of strangers.However,I knew I wanted to work as a science communicator after finishing my Ph.D.,so it seemed like a perfect opportunity to learn how to speak and communicate with others effectively.I signed up,knowing the experience would give me help.During our first class,we learned an important concept of improvisation:“yes,and.”It means that,as improvisers,wed better accept what fellow performers say.If someone says that rhinos(犀牛)are librarians,for example,then rhinos are librarians.We do not question the logic;we say“yes”and then continue with the scene as if nothing is wrong.The first few scenes were hard,but as weeks turned into months,I became more comfortable andeven started to enjoy our classes.I became better at listening,relating to my conversation partners,and communicating clearly in the moment.Once when I was giving a presentation about my science,an audience member surprised me with a question that didnt grow out of the information Id presented.Instead of getting confused and nervous,I took the“yes,and”approachaccepting the question and letting my mind focus on why it was asked.That helped me find an appropriate answer.I got pretty excited about it.The benefits of improvisation go beyond communication.Before attending the class,I would get stuck when my experiments produced unexpected data,thinking that I had made a mistake.But now,instead of getting discouraged,I will stay open to the possibility that the results are real,keep exploring the data and end up identifying a new type of cellone that isnt behaving as expected.I think all scientists can benefit from this lesson.If the data say rhinos are librarians,then its worth findingout whether rhinos are,in fact,librarians.As scientists,our job isnt to challenge data that support a preconceived(先入为主的)story,but to say“yes,and.”12.Why did the author attend the improvisation class?A.To get a different experience.B.To finish her Ph.D.at university.C.To give up her job as a science communicator.D.To improve her speaking and communicating ability.13.What was the authors change after attending the improvisation class?A.She formed her own idea quickly.B.She came up with lots of creative responses.C.She paid more attention to the logic of answers.D.She became a good listener before giving an opinion.14.The author mentions applying the“yes,and”approach to her scientific experiments to _.A.explain the process of using the method B.prove the benefits of the improvisation class C.share her own research experiences with readers D.attract fellow scientists to attend the improvisation class 15.What can be inferred about scientists from the last paragraph?A.They should attend the improvisation class.B.They should question all preconceived ideas.C.They should carry on research by admitting earlier data.D.They should try to improve their professional knowledge.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 Every family needs routines(常规)._16_Children do best when routines are regular,predictable,and consistent.Here are some tips from theAmericanAcademyof Pediatrics(AAP).Weekday Mornings To make the household function well in the morning,everyone needs to know what has to be done to get ready for the day._17_Keep wake-up routines cheerful and positive.Evenings Dinner should be an important time for your family._18_During dinner the family can share the days activities and participate in enjoyable conversation.Everyone should be encouraged to take part,and negative comments and criticism should be discouraged.Bedtime On school nights,children need a regular time to go to sleep.Lights can go out at different times for different children in the family,depending on how much sleep each child needs.Nighttime routines can help ease a child to sleep._19_Try to avoid exciting play and activities before bedtime.Weekends Weekends are good times for family togetherness.You might go grocery shopping as a family,visit museums and zoos,do chores that everyone participates in,or go on hikes or bike rides._20_Keep in mind that,although family time is essential,it is equally important for parents to set aside some time just for themselves,too.A.Put as many things in order as possible the night before.B.They help to organize life and keep it from falling into confusion.C.Doing the same thing at the same time every day causes boredom.D.These can include storytelling,reading aloud,conversation,and songs.E.Children can also be allowed a later bedtime than during the weekdays.F.Some parents have their children return each afternoon to an empty home.G.All family members should eat together without the distraction(分心)of television or radio.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 It was a winter night and I was in a foreign country.Though I knew everything here well,I might still_21_other people to help me with_22_.I took a midnight_23_from the capital to the city where I lived.I was trying not to_24_as I would be home towards 2 am,but funnily enough I fell asleep and_25_my eyes only when the train passed the_26_where I was due to get off.The controllers told me to_27_at the next station and wait for the train to my_28_at 4 am.I got off at the station but it looked like it would be_29_to wait there alone for the next train.One of the controllers_30_there got off with me,saying he felt it was not safe to leave me there_31_.He invited me to get into his_32_because it was_33_outside.I was a bit doubtful,but I decided to_34_him.Entering the car,we started talking.I told him that I had often_35_this station,but never visited the city.So he_36_me a short ride to see Reggia,I was completely shocked,but did not feel anything_37_.Therefore,I agreed.Actually,I found it very_38_.He simply wanted me to see Reggia.He_39_me around and at about 4 am he sent me back to the station.Up to now,Ive always_40_him with deep gratitude and respect.His help with the emergency made the winter night unforgettable and full of warmth.What I could do was just passing on the kindness in my life.21.A.wish.B.enjoy C.need D.persuade 22.A.schedules B.luggage C.difficulties D.emergencies 23.A.bus B.train C.car D.plane 24.A.fall asleep B.fold in C.pass away D.wake up 25.A.closed B.opened C.hurt D.harmed 26.A.town B.hospital C.school D.station 27.A.fix up B.get off C.pull away D.turn over 28.A.village B.town C.city D.country 29.A.dangerous B.crazy C.useful D.important 30.A.living B.standing C.knowing D.helping 31.A.bitter B.calm C.alone D.delighted 32.A.room B.car C.house D.office 33.A.freezing B.cool C.wet D.warm 34.A.watch B.respect C.thank D.trust 35.A.entered B.went C.passed D.jumped 36.A.offered B.started C.gave D.paid 37.A.positive B.negative C.unforgettable D.sad 38.A.annoying B.beautiful C.disturbing D.nice 39.A.cycled B.suspected C.drove D.changed 40.A.forgotten B.visited C.reminded D.remembered 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 One of Chinas largest hanfu-themed_41._(event),the annual Hanfu Cultural Festival in Xitang ancient town,East Chinas Zhejiang Province,_42._(hold)from October 28 to 31 last year.According to statistics from the organizer,157,326 visitors attended the festival,many of_43._were hanfu-wearing enthusiasts,called“tong pao”._44._(origin)from the collection of ancient Chinese poetry Book of Songs,the word tong pao is now used to describe whoever appreciates_45._(tradition)Han Chinese clothing._46._(forbid)during Chinas last feudal(封建的)dynasty,the Manchu-ruled Qing Dynasty(1644-1911),hanfu clothing has been little known_