高一英语期末考试复习提纲.pdf

期末复习提纲 同学们;期末英语考试即将来临;为了提高复习效率;特此制作此提纲;望认真阅读.第一，必修一;必修二里所有的重点单词;大体为动词和名词;望借出中学教材全解好好回味一下.第二，第二关于语法;现在的考试越来越淡化对语法单纯的考察;更多时候是放在情景中;考察学生解读能力.下面对语法复习做一下简单的回顾.（1）动词时态题.我们高一目前涉及到的有一般现在时;现在进行时;一般将来时;一般过去时;过去进行时;现在完成时.对于每一种时态的用法和适用的场景一定要了解清晰.（2）动词的被动语态.一般考试而言;非常喜欢考察主动表被动的特殊用法;望做好复习.教材全解必修一第三单元语法总结里有（3）情态动词了解一下吧;不一定考察.它的考察也越来越灵活;很多时候会与虚拟语气融合在一起;典型结构就是情态动词+have done结构.a.情态动词常见的用法;例如;can 表示允许或者能力;may 表示许可;must 表示必须;must not 表示禁止;shall 用在第一;第三人称疑问句中;表示说话人征求对方的意见;用在第二;第三人称的陈述句中;表示说话人给对方的命令;允诺;警告;威胁等.Will 表将要做;should 表应该;need 表有必要做.这些都是很常见的考法.b.但情态动词非常注重对表达推测意思的考察.1 在对现在或者将来的推测中;往往用情态动词+动词原形结构.1.can 用于肯定句中表示推测;意思是有时会;用在疑问句中;意思是可能;表示一种惊讶的语气;用在否定句中;can not 表示不可能;语气很强烈.2.may 用于肯定句中可以表示推测;意思是可能;用在否定句中;意思是可能不;语气不太确定.May 一般不用于疑问句表推测.3.must 表推测时只能用在肯定句中;意思是一定;必定;十分肯定的语气.在疑问句或否定句中要用 can.4.should 用来推测时意思是;按道理来说应当如此 5.表示对现在正在发生的事情要用情态动词+be+Ving 结构.2 对过去事情的推测用情态动词+have done 结构.对过去的肯定推测用 must/may/might/can/could 等+have done.否定推测用can/could/may/mignt not+have done.疑问推测用 can/could+have done.4 虚拟语气.1.对于 if 虚拟条件句的使用;对过去;对现在;对将来的虚拟结构要好好复习一下.考试很多时候也喜欢注重对错综条件句的考察;例如从句对过去虚拟;主句对现在虚拟.根本还是记住结构;考试的时候简单推理一下即可.2.虚拟语气还喜欢出现在表建议;命令;请求的宾语从句;主语从句;同位语从句;表语从句中;喜欢用 should+动词原形;should 可以省略;但要注意 suggest 表暗示时不用虚拟;insist 表坚持认为的意思时;不用虚拟这个以后会提到 3.虚拟语气在很多特殊句式里;也有涉及.a.it is high time that 句型中;that 从句后的谓语动词用were 或者 should+动原;should 不可省略;意思是该到时候了 b.虚拟语气用在 would rather 宾语从句中;用过去时表示对现在或将来的虚拟;用过去完成时表示对过去的虚拟.C.用在 wish 的宾从中;结构与 would rather 一样.5 非谓语动词to do;doing;done.目前我们还未深入涉及它们.做题时;只需把握 3 点.第一;在时态上;to do;doing 表主动;done 是及物动词表被动.第二;在时间上;to do表未做;这是相对句子的谓语动词而言;doing表达的是和句子的谓语动词的动作同时发生;done 表达的意思是动作在谓语动词的动作前完成.第三;仔细观察非谓语动词与修饰对象是主动还是被动.To do 的被动是 to be done;doing 的被动是 being done.6 状语从句.状语从句的考察其实特别简单;最主要就是要把握连接词的意思;例如if;as long as;although;though;as;so that;so.that.;once.;as soon as;since 这些对大家没有难度.但有一点需要重视的.As 可以引导原因状语表示由于;但它也可以引导让步状语从句;表示虽然;它的句型结构有些复杂.1.如果从句的谓语部分是不及物动词+副词时;常会把副词提到句首;hard as you try;you will not succeed.2.如果从句谓语部分是情态动词+不及物动词;常会把这个不及物动词提到句首.Wait as you may;he will not see you.3 如果从句的谓语部分是系动词+单数名词;则将这个表语的名词提前;但这个名词前面的不定冠词要省略.Child as he is;he can tell right from wrong.7 定语从句目前来说;我们涉及的还不是很深;但是大家一定要对 whom;who;whose;that;which;所做的成分和指代的对象弄清楚.下学期我们会重点学习 8 介词.介词很多;而且考察的范围很广;很多时候喜欢和动词联系在一起;也就是所谓的动词短语;大家要多留心.19 倒装;分为完全和部分倒装;具体阅读中学教材全解会看到.第三除了语法题之外;还有完型;阅读;任务型阅读和作文.做完型时一定要把握住文章的思路;不要过于焦急对文章意思很快的掌控;通过先浏览;再逐段进行推敲理解;最后达到通读全文的效果;尽量在完型上花点时间.阅读理解的难度应该不会太大;首先要做到阅读题目;大概猜测文章的内容;之后带着问题去阅读;可能效果更好.任务型读写的特点;我也不想做太多的赘述;注意大小写;注意行文中的格式;注意相关短语句型的转化;只要稍微留点意;应该会收到很好的效果.补充：英语写作常用句型：句子写的好坏;是文章写作成败的关键.以下一些惯用句型;实用性较强.一.开头句型：1 As far asis concerned;就而论 When it comes to sth/doing sth.当谈论到 1)As far as the role of information in the future is concerned;I believe that information will play a more and more important part in peoples decision-making.2)As far as what was mentioned above is concerned;how can we ignore the advantages travelling brings forth 就前面所提及的而言;我们怎么可以忽视旅游带来的裨益呢 2 It goes without saying that 不用说 1)It goes without saying that practice makes perfect.2)It goes without saying that reading makes a full man.3.It can be said with certainty that 可以肯定的说 1)It can that cultivating a hobby can add fun to our life.2)It can.that because of the knowledge;we can now enjoy a comfortable life which is brought about by advanced technology.可以肯定地说;正由于知识我们才能享受科技进步所带来的舒适生活.4.As the proverb says;有句谚语说 As the saying gose;俗话说 As the saying puts it;俗话说 1 As the proverb says;“Honesty is the best policy.”诚实为上策.2 Asgoes;“Diligence makes up for deficiencies.”俗话说：“勤能补拙”.3)An English proverb says;“Lost time is never found again.”英国有句谚语说的好：“光阴如流水;一去不复回.”5.It has to be noticed that 必须注意的是 1)It has to be noticed that the air we breathe is already seriously polluted by the exhaust factories and vehicles give off.必须注意的是：我们呼吸的空气已经被工厂和交通工具所释放的废气严重污染了.2 It has to be noticed that market all over the country are swamped with fake and poor quality products and this has greatly harmed the states interests and peoples health.必须注意的是：假冒伪劣的产品充斥全国市场;这种情况大大损害了国家利益和人民的健康.6.Its generally recognized that 人们普遍认为 1 Its generally recognized that college students shouldnt try to reach after what is beyond their grasp when they choose to find a good job after graduation.人们普遍认为大学生在大学毕业后想找一个好工作时;不应该追求超出他们能力以外的目标.2)Its generally recognized that lazy hands makes a man poor;while diligent hands bring wealth.人们普遍认为：懒惰招贪;而勤能致富.7.Its likely that 很可能 Chances are that 很可能 1)Its likely that different people will hold different opinion/views about money.2)Chances are that sooner or later your lie will be found out and itll then expose you to shame.很可能你的谎话迟早会被人发现;使你处于耻辱的境地.8.Its hardly too much to say that 毫不夸大地说 1)Its that timely participation in social practice will benefit college students throughout their life.毫不夸张的说;大学生适时地参加社会实践将会使他们终身受益.2)Its that one of the most urgent problems facing the people in the near future will come form the rapid growth of population.毫不夸张地说;在不远的将来人们所面临的最紧迫的问题将来自于人口的急剧增加.9.Its well known that 众所周知 1 Its well known that that health is the foundation of ones future success.健康是一个人未来成功的基础.2 Its well known that that Chinese is referred to as“The kingdom of Bicycles”.Wherever you go;you may see people riding on bicycles.众所周知;中国被称为“自行车王国”;不管你走到哪里;都能看见人们骑着自行车.10.It must be emphasized that 必须强调的是.Itsthat if you dont acquire a large vocabulary;you cant improve your reading ability.11.There is no doubt that 毫无疑问；无可否认 There is no denying the fact that 毫无疑问；无可否认 1)There is that countries with undeveloped education will remain poor.无可否认;教育不发达的国家;将仍然是贫困的.2)There is that spoken English is very important in the modern society.12.Nothing is more important than the fact that 最重要的事实是 Nothing is more important than the fact that we are now faced with the serious problem of unemployment.13.Whats far more important is that 更重要的是 1 Regardless of the pay;I think what is far more important is that I can really know a lot about the society from my part-time job.不考虑收入问题;我认为更重要的是;我能从我的业余工作中了解许多社会知识.2 Whats far more important is that watching TV helps me broaden my mind and adds much to my knowledge of the world.更重要的是;看电视有助于我扩大眼界;增加对世界的了解.常用短语类：1表示列举：首先：first;firstly;first of all;in the first place;to begin with;to start with;on the one hand;第二;其次：second;secondly;in the second place;besides;then;next;in addition;at the same time;on the other hand;furthermore;moreover;whats more;e.g.In the first place;tourism enables us the know about the outside world.2.表示举例：for example;for instance;such as;like;and so on;and so forth;takeas an example;e.g.Lets take the library on campus as example;the library on campus is often equipped with computers which store information about different categories of reference books.3.表示原因：because=in that 接句子;because of;due to;owing to;as a result of;e.g.College students should learn about society outside campus;in that it will broaden our mind.4.表示结果：so;therefore;as a result;thus;for this reason;sothat;5.表示对照;比较：the same as;be similar to;like;as as;similarly;in the same way;just as;morethan;less than;although;while;be contrary to;on the contrary;inby contrast;but;though;however;on the other hand;6.表示定义：mean;refer to;according to;be defined as;what I mean by is that;in this case;e.g.Luck refers to moments of good fortune that happen in our daily life.According to my understanding;a friend means one who can share our sorrows and double our joys.7.表示结论尾：to sum up;in sum;all in all;in a word;in brief;in short;in other words;as has been mentioned above;therefore;so;注意：1.作文一定要做到字迹工整;思路清晰分 3 段;字数一定要达标.2.考试一定要仔细向班主任核对好考号;同时别忘带 2B 铅笔.3.充分利用好中学教材全解;星期五在家里好好看书;预祝大家考到自己满意的成绩.See you next term.