高考英语长难句分析探究--5月英语课-副本.pdf
高考英语长难句分析探究（学生卷）一、环环相扣式的复合从句 例 1:A mere hundred species(物种)are the basis of our food supply,of which but twenty carry the load.Wilson suggests changing this situation by looking into ten thousand species that could be made use of,which will be a way to reduce the clearing of the natural homes of plants and animals to enlarge farming areas.(2008 全国卷一 E 篇)例 2:This process is also found among scholars and authors:a statement of opinion by one writer may be restated by another,who may in turn be quoted by yet another;and this process may continue,unless it occurs to someone to question the facts on which the original writer based his opinion or to challenge the interpretation he placed upon those facts.(2008 天津 D 篇)二、分隔结构 例 1:The lack of right male(男性的)role models in many of their livesat home and particularly in the school environment means that their peers are the only people they have to judge themselves against.(2008辽宁C篇)例 2:Her workthought to be the first of its kind to test the pressure theoryresulted from the observation that juvenile blacktip sharks off Florida moved into deeper water ahead of a violent storm in 2001.(2008 天津 C 篇)三、改变语序 例:It was then that I realized that I had not really come to help,but to learn about and experience another culture that helped improve my own understanding of life and the world.(2008 四川 A 篇)让我们来用结构分析法来突破长难句 所谓结构分析法，就是通过语法分析，迅速弄清句子的结构，把握住句子的基本框架。基本步骤是：首先，判断该句是简单句、并列句还是复合句；然后，找出句子的核心成分，分清主语和谓语，再分清句子的附属成分。方法一：带有多个成分的单句的处理方法找主谓语，即找主干成分 1.However,many scientists who specialize in ageing are doubtful about it and say the human body is just not designed to last past about 120 years.2.Some companies have made the manufacturing of clean and safe products,to some degree,their main selling points and emphasize it in their advertising.方法二：含有多个简单句的并列复合句的处理方法找并列连词 1.The hot sun had caused the dough(面团)to double in size and fermenting yeast(酵母)made the surface shake and sigh as though it was breathing.2.Miss Germaines mother looked anxious through the wedding and Mr.Cordells parents are reported to be less than delighted.方法三：含有多个从句的主从复合句的处理方法找从属连词 Whereas a womans closest female friend might be the first to tell her to leave a failing marriage,it wasnt unusual to hear a man say he didnt know his friends marriage was in serious trouble until he appeared one night asking if he could sleep on the sofa.方法四：并列和主从复合句并存的处理方法先读懂并列复合句，再看主从复合句 If you ask people to name one person who had the greatest effect on the English language,you will get answers like“Shakespeare”,“Samuel Johnson”,and“Webster”,but none of these men had any effect at all compared to a man who didnt even speak EnglishWilliam,the Conqueror.方法五：含有多个插入成分的句子。如：His journey to the e-mail hell began innocently（无知地）enough when,as chairman of Computer Associates International,a software company,he first heard how quickly his employees had accepted their new electronic-mail system.让我们来看经典高考真题实例分析 下面这篇文章共有 164 个单词，却只有 10 个句子，平均每个句子大约有 16 个单词，是近几年高考英语阅读理解中一篇比较典型的集中含有长难句的文章。文章内容如下：Tristan da Cunha,a 38-square-mile island,is the farthest inhabited island in the world,according to the Guinness Book of Records.It is 1,510 miles southwest of its nearest neighbor St.Helena,and 1,950 miles west of Africa.Discovered by the Portuguese admiral(葡萄牙海军上将)of the same name in 1506,and settled in 1810,the island belongs to Great Britain and has a population of a few hundred.Coming in a close secondand often wrongly mentioned as the most distant islandis Easter Island,which lies 1,260 miles east of its nearest neighbour,Pitcairn Island,and 2,300 miles west of South America.The mountainous 64-square-mile island was settled around the 5th century,supposedly by people who were lost at sea.They had no connection with the outside world for more than a thousand years,giving them plenty of time to build more than 1,000 huge stone figures,called moai,for which the island is most famous.高考英语长难句实战演练：1.I cant live in fear of the possibility that as the earths population grows and we use more and more of our nonrenewable(不能再生的)resources,our children may have to lead poorer lives.2.However,those of us who are parents of children in this age group know that such offers are relatively rare and that many liberal-arts students(文科生)graduate with the belief that the prospective(预期的)workplace may not have a place for them.3.I have known changes for the better and changes for the worse,but I have never questioned the fact that whether I liked it or not,change was unavoidable.4.Such tasks are generally important in their outcome,which only adds to the pressure to do good job,and yet their very complexity makes it difficult to know just where or how to begin.5.Today it is not unusual for a student,even if he works part time at college and full time during the summer,to have$5,000 in loans(贷款)after four yearsloans that he must start to repay within one year after graduation.6.What emerges(浮现)is a picture of an environment where the emphasis is on managing the technology as it spies on people doing their jobs,rather than promoting quality of service to customers and providing a fair workplace.7.Justice does demand that murderers be punished.And common sense demands that society be protected from them.But neither justice nor self-preservation demands that we kill men whom we have already imprisoned.8.Another good thing about the use of noise-killing systems is that it saves the need for a silencer,which not only reduces the weight of a car,but also makes the motor burn less oil and work better.(NMETl995 C 篇)9.We even have different words for some foods,meat in particular,depending on whether it is still out in the fields or at home ready to be cooked,which shows the fact that the Saxon peasants were doing the farming,while the upper-class Normans were doing most of the eating.(NMET2001D 篇)10.A Swedish Kennel Club official explains what this means:if your dog runs out on the road and gets hit by a passing car,as the owner,you have to pay for any damage done to the car,even if your dog has been killed in the accident.(NMETl997 C 篇)补充：1.Why play games?Because they are fun,and a lot more besides.Following the rulesplanning your next move.acting as a team memberthese are all“game”ideas that you will come across throughout your life.2.Think about some off the games you played as a young child,such as rope-jumping and hide-and-seek.3.Such games are entertaining and fun.But perhaps more importantly,they translate life into exciting dramas that teach children some of the basic rules they will be expected to follow the rest of their lives,such as taking turns and cooperating.4.Next time you play your favorite game or sport,think about why you enjoy it,what skills are needed,and whether these skills will help you in other aspects of your life.5.Kong Zi,also called Confucius(551-479 B.C.),and Socrates(469-399 B.C.)lived only a hundred years apart,and during their lifetimes there was no contact between China and Greece,but it is interesting to look at how the world that each of these great philosophers came from shaped their ideas,and how these ideas in turn,shaped their societies.6.Blind imitation(模仿)is self-destruction.To those who do not recognize their unique worth,imitation appears attractive;to those who know their strength,imitation is unacceptable.7.I think that that“that”that that student wrote on the blackboard was wrong.8.Never trouble trouble till trouble troubles you.9.Then she drove me over to Bobbie Deckers house,explaining as we went that I was now one of Santas helpers.(朝阳期末完形)10.When I saw the bottle,the scene of Dad trying to remove the cap and in desperation(绝望)breaking it with the stone flashed before my eyes.(西城期末完形)
