2023届湖南省长沙市湖南师大附中博才实验中学湘江校区高三英语第一学期期末学业质量监测试题含解析.pdf

2022-2023 高三上英语期末模拟试卷 考生须知：1 全卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，全部在答题纸上作答。选择题必须用 2B 铅笔填涂；非选择题的答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔写在“答题纸”相应位置上。2请用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔在“答题纸”上先填写姓名和准考证号。3保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。第一部分（共 20 小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）1The farmer said the PLA men came to rescue timely when they _in the snowstorm.Awere trapping Bwere being trapped Care trapping Dare being trapped 2House prices are usually much higher _ there are subway stations around.Awhere Bunless Cwhile Dthough 3_ your blog,I would have written back two days ago.AIf I read BShould I read CHad I read DIf I could have read 4Did you pass your driving test?Yes,otherwise I _ to the picnic next month.Acouldnt drive Bcouldnt have driven Cwont drive Dwouldnt have driven 5The reason why he adapted to the new situations quickly is that he had a _ attitude.Achangeable Bstable Cmovable Dflexible 6Did you take sides when Mom and Dad were arguing again?No.Ive learned that its best _ until it blows over.Ato call it a day Bto pull their legs Cto sit on the fence Dto wash my hands off 7The solution to a problem，we are told，often comes to thinkers in a flash of _ Ainspiration Binsight Cinvitation Dinnovation 8More than one doctor _ involved in the rescue that took place after the earthquake A was B is C were D are 9John once worked in a remote mountain village school,which is _ only on foot.Aaccessible Bacceptable Cavailable Dappropriate 10 Is it enough to finish the form for a passport,Madam?Your passport application form should be _ by two recent photos.Aupdated Baccompanied Cestablished Didentified 11Once published,the novel was a(n)success and was soon translated into nine foreign languages.Aoccasional Binstant Cconstant Dindividual 12I think you could complain,_,of course,you are happy with the way thing s are.Aunless Bthat Cwhich Dwhere 13-Mom,can you give me an extra 200 yuan a month?-Son,we have just bought a house,and from now on we need to practise strict .Aeconomy Bmedicine Cself-control Dpatience 14Are you ready to leave?Almost,Ill be ready to go just as soon as I _ putting the clean dishes away.Aget through Bgive up Ccarry out Dset about 15She is quite_to office work.You had better offer her some suggestions when necessary Afamiliar Bfresh Csimilar Dsensitive 16Its too complex,I think _.So wed better make it easier for students to get involved AThats ridiculous BThats the point CThats settled DThats all right 17I have often thought it would be a blessing if each human being _ blind and deaf for a few days at some time in his life.Ahas been stricken Bwere stricken Chad been Dwould be 18Their youngest girl is at the stage _ she can say a single word but not a full sentence Awhen Bwhich Cthat Dwhere 19Facing the global financial crisis,the Chinese government has taken many measures _ peoples life to deal with it.Arelated Brelated to Crelating Drelating to 20What it be?It be a man,for it is not moving.It be a dustbin,I think.Acan;may;must Bcan;cant;must Ccan;must;can Dmay;may not;could 第二部分 阅读理解（满分 40 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21（6 分）People Youve Never Heard of Who Changed the World It is a fact that most people live their lives unremarked by history.Whether by design or by accident,there are some pioneers whose achievements changed the course of history but whose names are unknown to us.James Harrison James Harrison has saved the lives of over two million people by donating his blood 1,173 times,a Guinness world record.His blood produces a rare antibody(抗体)which cures the otherwise deadly Rhesus disease in unborn children.It has also been used in the development of a medicine anti-D,which will cure the Rhesus disease in children forever.Lewis Latimer After helping Alexander Graham Bell obtain his patent for the telephone,Lewis Latimer patented a carbon filament(碳灯丝),which allowed light bulbs to burn for hours before burning out,much more useful than that invented by Thomas Edison.Latimer went on to invent many other useful devices,including a device which cooled and cleaned patients rooms in hospitals.Maurice Hilleman Not all achievements require bravery and self-sacrifice.Take Maurice Hilleman for example.He found another way to change the world.He developed the mumps vaccine(疫苗)after his daughter got the illness.And he didnt stop there.In total,he has single-handedly developed over 40 vaccines,including eight commonly given to children.His work has saved millions of lives and prevented serious consequences due to the diseases.Nils Bohlin In 1959 Nils Bohlin patented a revolutionary design that has saved millions of lives the three-point safety belt.After the initial resistance from drivers who hated being told what to do,and even for their own good,the three-point belt has become a standard feature in new cars around the world.1、Whose patent allowed light bulbs to burn for hours before burning out?AAlexander Graham Bell.BLewis Latimer.CThomas Edison.DNils Bohlin.2、Whats the similarity between James Harrison and Maurice Hilleman?AThey both had spirits of bravery and self-sacrifice.BTheir contributions saved the lives of many children.CThey devoted themselves to work because of family members.DThey both set a Guinness world record.3、What was drivers initial attitude to the three-point seat belt?AThey refused to use it.BThey were satisfied with it.CThey were surprised at it.DThey got excited about it.22（8 分）It is widely acknowledged that cities with some kind of functioning ecosystems make for better place for humans to live.More plants and animals in cities make for happier,healthier people.A study conducted on green spaces in Sheffield,England,for instance,revealed that the greater the biodiversity(生物多样性),the greater the psychological well-being(健康)of the citys citizens.In Paris,researchers found that getting citizens to take part in day-long activities involving urban wildlife opened their eyes to the natural world for a time,at least.Few cities have been associated with urban ecology for as long as Berlin.“Slow economic recovery after the Second World War meant that reconstruction would take a long time.This provide local ecologist with the ideal conditions to develop an ambitious ecological research program in the bombed-out wastelands of West Berlin,”said Jens Lachmund,a sociologist at the University of Maastricht in the Netherlands.The pioneering work in Berlin bad several consequences,especially the formation of significant natural spaces within the city,such as the Sudgelande Nature.“Berlin has indeed benefited a lot from being a case study in urban ecology,”said Lachmund.The recent research conducted by Mark Goddard,a biologist at the University of Leeds,and his colleagues confirmed the importance of natural space within an urban setting.Goddard and his team conducted a striking global analysis of bird and plant diversity,quantifying the influence of urbanization on levels of biodiversity around the world.“Functioning urban ecosystems will be extremely important to human health and well-being,”said Goddard.Cities take up just 3%of the land surface area,yet according to the most recent figure from the United Nations,some 3.6 billion people(just over 50%of the global population)now live in urban areas.By 2050,this figure is expected to rise to 6.3 billion.Without animals and plants to keep us company,it is a dark future.1、The findings in Paragraph 2 are mentioned to explain the link between .ACitizens and their well-being Bgreen spaces and urban wildlife Curban ecology and citizens well-being Dfunctioning ecosystems and the natural word 2、What would be Goddards attitude towards Berlins work?ACautious.BAdmiring.CUncaring.DNegative.3、The author uses figures in the last paragraph to show .Athe negative effect of over population.Bthe importance of urban ecosystems.Cthe serious problems of city life.Dthe rapid growth of urban areas.4、Which of the following can be the best title for the text?AShould cities be for animals and plants too?BShould Berlin have more natural spaces?CShould more people live in urban areas?DShould the global population be controlled now?23（8分）Mandara seemed to know something big was about to happen.So she let out a yell,caught hold of her 2-year-old daughter Kibibi and climbed up into a tree.She lives at the National Zoo in Washington DC.And on Tuesday,August 23rd,witnesses said she seemed to sense the big earthquake that shook much of the East Coast before any humans knew what was going on.And shes not the only one.In the moments before the quake,an orangutan(猩猩)let out a loud call and then climbed to the top of her shelter.“Its very different from their normal call,”said Brandie Smith,the zookeeper.“The lemurs(monkey like animals of Madagascar)will sound an alarm if they see or hear something highly unusual.”But you cant see or hear an earthquake 15 minutes before it happens,can you?Maybe you canif youre an animal.“Animals can hear above and below our range of hearing,”said Brandie Smith.“Thats part of their special abilities.Theyre more sensitive to the environment,which is how they survive.”Primates werent the only animals that seemed to sense the quake before it happened.One of the elephants made a warning sound and a huge lizard(蜥蜴)ran quickly for cover.The flamingoes(a kind of birds)gathered before the quake and stayed together until the shaking stopped.So what kind of vibrations(震动)were the animals picking up in the moments before the quake?Scientist Susan Hough said earthquakes produce two types of wavesa weak“P”wave and then a much stronger“S”wave.The“P”stands for“primary”.And the“S”stands for“secondary”.She thinks the“P”wave might be what sets the animals off.Not all the animals behaved unusually before the quake.For example,Smith said the zoos giant pandas didnt jump up until the shaking actually began.But many of the other animals seemed to know something was coming before it happened.“Im not surprised at all,”Smith said.1、Why did Mandara act strangely one day?ABecause it sensed something unusual would happen.BBecause its daughter Kibibi was injured.CBecause it heard an orangutan let out a loud call.DBecause an earthquake had happened.2、According to Brandie Smith,_.Amany animals hearing is sharp Bearthquakes produce two types of waves Cprimates usually gather together before a quake Dhumans can also develop the ability to sense a quake 3、Which animal seems unable to sense quake?AA giant panda.BA flamingo.CA lemur.DA lizard.4、What is the best title for the passage?AHow animals survive a quake BHow animals differ from humans CHow animals behave before a quake DHow animals protect their young in a quake 24（8 分）A new restaurant in Indonesia is on a mission(使命)to support locals trapped in poverty,many of whom are earning less than$25 a month,by providing them with an alternative way to pay for their food.The Methane Gas Canteen,run by husband and wife team Sarimin and Suyatmi,is located in an unexpected place for an eatery Jatibarang Landfill.The landfill is a mountain of purifying waste,where poor locals spend their days collecting plastic and glass to sell.Meanwhile,the couple,who spent 40 years collecting waste before opening the restaurant,is busy cooking.What makes the restaurant unusual,aside from its location,is that no cash is required to pay for meals.Poor people have the option to pay for their food with recyclable waste instead of cash.Sarimin weighs the plastic customers bring in,calculates its worth,and then deduct that value from the cost of the meal,giving any extra value back to the customer.The scheme is part of the communitys solution to reduce waste in the landfill and recycle non-degradable plastics.“I think we recycle 1 tonne of plastic waste a day,which is a lot.This way,the plastic waste doesnt pile up,drift down the river and cause flooding,”said Saimin.“It benefits everyone.”The restaurant seats about 30 people and serves meals that cost between$0.40 and$0.80 each.Since opening the canteen Sarimin and Suyatmi have seen their daily income more than double to$15 a day.“Im happy to see our customers enjoying their meals,”Sarimin told NHK World.“The poor must also have the right to enjoy healthy eating.I want to give them that chance as much as possible.”1、What do we know about Jatibarang Landfill?AIt is a good place for people to eat meals BIt is a place where locals collect plastic and glass to sell CIt is a mountain which attracts many tourists DIt is a modem plastic recycling plant.2、What makes the Methane Gas Canteen different?AIts location and the way to pay for meals.BThe delicious food and the kind-hearted owner.CIts location and those strange customers.DIts customers and the way to pay for meal.3、What does the underlined word mean?AIncrease BReplace CRemove DEqual 4、Which of the following is NOT true?ASarimin and Suyatmi recycle plastic waste only to make money.BThe plastic waste may cause flooding.CThe restaurant seats around 30 people at present.DSarimin and Suyatmi have seen an increase in their income.25（10 分）To personal trainer Sammy Callari，13-year-old Parker Seward is more than a client（客户）.Hes his“little brother”.Over the past year，the pair have bonded.They play basketball together，share meals and dance to hip-hop like no ones watching.The trainer was asked to work with the 13-year-oldboy，who has Downs syndrome（唐氏综合征），because his coworker who dealt with the boy was out of town last spring.Callari had never worked with someone with a disability before.He was anxious the first day he met Parker.But Parkers big smile and cheery introduction immediately put him at ease.He reminded Callari of himself when he was a teenager.Like Parker，Callari has also faced his fair share of challenges over the years.As a high schooler，Callari described himself as being the weak kid.When it came to sports，he was always overlooked.His dream of playing baseball in college quickly faded away.When he went to college，Callari turned to a new sport.His younger brother trained him to become a boxer.Callari participated in five matches.Before these competitions he was the underdog，but he won three times.“I know how it feels，”Callari said.“People tell you that you cant do this，and that you cant do that.”When it comes to Parker，Callari refuses to accept the word“cant”.The friends meet twice a week to train.They bike，box，run and work and do push-ups.Parker has a short attention span，so its Callaris job to keep him focused.“If Parker can do it，hes having fun，even with his frustration.Then people will ask，Why cant I do that?”Callari said.“Thats the whole task right now.”Callari recalls Parkers mom once thanking him for taking a“chance”on her son.Callari told her he never viewed it that way.Parker may be the student，but Callari says hes also the one whos learning.1、Why was Callari asked to train Parker?AThey shared the same interests.BParkers parents had faith in Callari.CCallari was an expert in Downs syndrome.DCallari took place of his absent colleague.2、What can we learn about Callari when he was in high school?AHe was good at sports.B