初中英语副词专题.doc

初中英语副词专题专题五 副词知识清单要点一 副词的分类及功能 要点三 副词的比较级要点二 副词的位置要点四 常见副词的用法及解析要点一 副词的分类及功能1。副词的分类（1） 时间副词时间副词有now，then. today。 tomorrow. yesterday。 before. ago。 soon。 immediately. lately. early。 sometimes。 often。 always。 usually. already。 yet。 ever. never等。时间副词是确定句子时态的重要标志，所以一定要牢固掌握不同时态的时间标志。（2） 地点副词地点副词有outside，inside，upstairs，here，there,home，near，away，in，back,off，up，anywhere等。地点副词和动词连用时不加介词。（3） 方式副词方式副词有quickly,happily,loudly，suddenly，luckily，badly，easily，fast，again等。方式副词大多有“形容词+ly"构成.（4） 程度副词程度副词有very,quite，rather，too,much，so等。有些程度副词可以修饰形容词原级，有些能修饰形容词比较级。（5） 频度副词频度副词有sometimes，often,always，never等.频度副词一般和一般现在时连用,表示动作发生的频率。（6） 疑问副词疑问副词有when，where，why，how，how long，how soon，how often，how far等。疑问副词常用来构成特殊疑问句。（7） 关系副词关系副词有when,where,why，how等.关系副词常用来引导从句。（8） 其他副词如luckily，finally，perhaps等，用于整个句子进行说明.2。 副词的语法功能（1）作状语修饰动词，如:It's raining heavily。天正下着大雨.Theyre warmly welcomed by the students。他们受到学生们的热烈欢迎。修饰形容词，如：Youre quite right。你非常正确。修饰其他副词，如：Dont drive too fast。别骑得太快。Neither Tom nor Susan can swim very well。汤姆和苏珊都不太会游泳。修饰介词短语,如:Where is the broom？扫帚在哪儿？Just behind the door。 就在门后.修饰从句，如：This is exactly what I said. 这正是他所说的。作定语。有少数地点副词和时间副词可以作定语,放在所修饰词的后面。如:The comrades here are all very kind to me。 这的同志对我都非常和善。作表语。作表语的副词多数是表示位置的。如：in. out. on。 back。 down. up。 off. away. upstairs等，如：He is in。 他在家.When will you be back？你何时回来？作宾语补足语。如：I saw you out with my sister last Saturday. 上周六我看见你和我姐姐一起出去了.互动训练1.1 When he heard a cry for help. he ran out as _as he could 。A.hardly B。quickly C.finally D。slowly1.2I havent been to the Great Wall yet.I haven't been there。_。A。 too B. alsoC. either D. neither1。3 Miss Gao is very popular with her students.Yes. Her classes are _lively and interesting。A。 seldom B. neverC. sometimes D .always1。4-_has the foreign teacher been Shanghai?For one year. A.How often B.How soon C.How long D. How far1。5-do you take exercise ？-Three times a week.A。 How long B。 How often C。 How soon D. How much1。6 Dont worry。 Wendy can look after your bird _ when youre out。A。 care B。 careful C。 careless D.carefully1。7Helen was so excited at the news that she could _say a word。A。 ever B。 almost C。 hardly D。 always1.8Do you consider you a rude person?-_not. I always have good manners.A。Probably B。Usually C.GenerallyD.Certainly1。9 I can_ be a nurse. Im not a very patient person.A. seldom B. ever C。 neverD。 always1。10 - Where would you like to go on your summer holiday. Mike？ I'd like to go _.A.somewhere B。 anywhereC. everywhere D。 nowhere1.。11 （填空) Its so _ _(相当难的一项) job。要点二 副词的位置1.地点副词、时间副词和方式副词一般放在句末。同时出现时间副词和地点副词时,其顺序为地点、时间.如:Write down your name here.把你的名字写在这里。Ill see him at the school gate tomorrow。 明天我将在校门口见他.2。频度副词：通常放在实义动词前，be动词、情态动词及第一个助动词之后。如:She almost forgot about the whole thing。 她几乎忘记了整件事情。They are always late for school。他们总是上学迟到。注意： ever 和never 有时放在助动词前,表强调。如：Nothing ever has made him angry. 他从未为任何事情生过气。3. 程度副词： 修饰动词时，与频度副词的位置相似.如：I don't quite agree with you. 我不完全同意你的观点。修饰形容词、副词时，放在它所修饰的词前面。如：He works a little harder now. 他现在工作更努力了一些.The room is big enough to live in。 这个房间足够住了。注意：enough 作为副词,修饰形容词、副词时，应置于所修饰的形容词、副词的后边。但作为形容词修饰名词时，常放在名词的前面。如:I dont have enough money to buy this house。 我没有足够的钱来买这所房子。互动训练2.1 - Hi。 Bob！ I cant find my history book。 Have you seen it _? Sorry。 I haven't。 Why dont you ask Jim？ Perhaps hes seen it.A. Somewhere B。 everywhere C。 nowhere D. anywhere2。2 He _ at six every morning.A. often get up B。 often gets up C. gets up often D. gets up often2。3 _do you like Chinese food？ Very much。A. How B。 Where C。 What2.4 （填空) Mobile phones are _（广泛） used in most of the cities in China。2。5 I dont know _ she is. Her mother says she is much better these days。A.who B。 how C.what D。where2。6 I cant say _I want to go back to my hometown。 Its quite a few years since I went back last time.A. how much B.how long C。how often D。how soon要点三 副词的比较级 1.副词的比较级和最高级的构成与形容词的比较级、最高级的构成类似，有规划变化和不规则变化.规则变化请参见形容词比较级的变化方法。如：原级比较级最高级hardharderhardestfastfasterfastestearlyearlierearliest原级比较级最高级slowlymore slowlymost slowlyquicklymore quicklymost quicklycarefullymore carefullymost carefully原级比较级最高级wellbetterbestbadlyworseworstmuchmoremostfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestlittlelessleast2. 副词比较级的基本用法 原级用法：as+副词原级+as.如：I can run as quickly as he can.He speaks English as well as a foreigner. 比较级的用法：副词比较级+ than.如:She got up earlier today than yesterday.I can run more quickly than he。 最高级的用法：（the)+最高级+ in/of 短语。如：Who runs fastest of the three？Tom runs most quickly in his class.互动训练3.1 Jack is good at drawing。 I think no one draws _。A. better B.best C. worse D.worst3。2 Among the three boys。 he works perhaps the _.A. hard B。harder C。hardestD. most hard3.3 The more we look at the picture。_.A。 the better we likedB。the less we liked itC。 we liked it less D。 better it we like3。4 Bob never does his homework _ Mary。 He makes lots of mistakes.A. so carefully asB。 as carefully asC。 carefully as D。 as careful as3.5 My sister is good at sports. and she can jump _ than me.A.highest B。 very high C. too high D. much higher3。6。 Which do you like _。 tea。 orange or water?A。 good B。 well C。 best D. better3.7 - Did Kate do best in the final exam？- No. but of all the students she did _。A。the most careful B。 more careful C.most carefully D. more carefully要点四 常见副词的用法及辨析1。very 与much表示“很"“非常”very 用于修饰形容词或副词，such 修饰名词，但名词前可以有形容词作定语。如：Its very nice。She said she was much better than before。I like English very much.2。so 与such 表示“如此”“那么”“这么”so 修饰形容词或副词，such修饰名词，但名词前可以有形容词作定语。如：I cant be here so early。Ive never seen such fine drawings。so 修饰的形容词后可以有一个单数可数名词，其结构是so+adj。+a/an+n。 如:She is so good a girl。 = She is such a good girl。如果可数名词复数前有many. few或不可数名词前有such. little 等表示数量多少的形容词时，用so 而不用such。如：Im afraid that hell forget it if he misses so many lessons。Miss Zhao got so little money a month.巧记so 与much的用法区别：名词such.形、副so。多多少少还用so3。 too。 also。 either 表示“也（不)”too 和also 用于肯定句中，too 常用于口语中，置于句末；also 常用于书面语中，置于be 动词后，行为动词前；either用于否定句句尾。如：I'm fine。We also have eleven players in a team。Chinese takeaway food is also popular。We dont like the same color。either。4。 sometime。 sometimes. some times. some timeSometime 表示将来或过去的“某个时候”；sometime 指“有时候”；some time 则指“一段时间”；some times 表示“倍数、次数".如:New students will come to our school sometime next week.It took me some time to finish reading the book。Sometimes. I know what she's thinking。Our school is some times larger than theirs。这样巧记some time。 sometime. some times和sometimes：分开是“一段“，相连为“某时”，分开s是“倍、次”，相连s 是“有时”。5. already. yet 表示“已经”already 表示某事已经发生；yet用于疑问句表示“已经”，用于否定句表示“还没有”。如：I've already finished it。I have sung already。Have you found your ruler yet？He hasn't finished his work yet.例题 Holly has _ fed the dog. but she hasn't watered the plants _.A. Still; already B。 already；yet C. yet； still D. yet； already解析 本体考察副词的辨析。Still 意为“仍旧，还”，不合题意,故排除。Already 和yet表示“已经”,aleady 常用于肯定句中， yet 常用于否定句中。答案；B6。 hard和hardlyhard 用作副词，意为“猛烈地”“辛苦地"“努力地”;用作形容词，意为“困难的”“坚硬的"；hardly表否定，意为“几乎不”。两个词的意思完全不一样。如：He studies hard.He hardly studies。Stone is very hard.She hardly ever exercise。This question is too hard for such a little boy.7.how long. how soon。 how often。 how farhow long 意为“多长时间”，就“for+ 时间段”或“since +时间点”提问，对how long 引起的问句也要用how long;how soon 意为“多久以后”,就“in”引起的将来的时间提问，对how soon问句也要用“in”引起的表示将来的时间回答，how soon 问句是将来时态；how often 意为“多久一次"，就频率提问，常用once/twice/three times a week 或every five days 等短语回答； how far 意为多远，就距离提问.8. much too 和too much much too 修饰形容词和副词的原级，意为“非常，极其”，中心词是too； too much 意为“太多”，“非常”，中心词是much，常用来修饰不可数名词，也可以单独使用，作宾语或修饰动词.如：It is much too cold today。Tom likes football too much.Dont eat too much.Theirs is too much ice on the road。 and you must be careful.互动训练4。1 I like living here _。A。 quite much B. even much C。 very much D. such much4。2 Have you ever seen _ big panda before。A. a such B。 such a C。 so a D. a so4.3 Can you imagine that _ little ants can carry _ many big worms?A。 so；so B. such；such C。 such. so D. so; much4.4 It's almost impossible for _ few people to do _ much work in _ a short time。A。 so;so;as B. so; so； such C。 such; such; such D。 such; such； so4。5 We arrived _ late that that there were no seats left.A. much B. too C。 so D. very4.6 Lucy doesnt like cotton blouse. Lily doesnt。 _。A. either B.too C。 neither D.also4。7 He said he would come to see us _ the next afternoon.A. sometime B。 some time C。 sometimes D。 some times4。9 - Have these workers finished doing their work _？- No. not _。A。already； yet B. yet; yet C. yet； already D。 already;already4.10 Tom didnt know anything about the paper because he _ got any time to read it at that time.A.hard B。hardly C。almost D.nearly4.11 - What was the weather like yesterday？- It was terrible. It rained so _ that people could _ go out.A. hardly;hard B.hardly; hardly C。 hard；hardly D。 hard; hard4.12 - Can you understand me?- Sorry. I can _ understand what youve said。A。nearly B. easily C. hardly D. exactly4.13 - _ do you write to your friend?- Once a week。A. How many B. How often C. How long D。 How far4。14。 - _ is it form our school to Lugou Bridge?- About half an hour's bus ride。A. How long B。 How often C。 How far D. How much4。15 I dont think this shirt fits her。 Its _ small for her.A。much too B。 very much C。 too much D. so much4.16 He eats _ food. so he is _ fat.A。 much too;too much B。 much too; too many C。 too much; much too D. too much; many too方法清单方法一 在具体语言环境中辨析副词的具体含义方法二 正确使用副词的比较级方法三 注意下列词不同含义方法一 在具体语言环境中辨析副词的具体含义明确副词与形容词的区别及转换规律，在解答试题时要根据具体的语境辨析所给选项例题1 The Internet is very useful for us. We can _ find information。A. easy B。 easily C。 hard D. hardly解析 句意：互联网对我们非常有用.我们可以容易地找到信息。空格处所需词是修饰动词find的，所以要用副词。A为形容词，被排除； B为“容易地"；C为“辛苦地”； D为“几乎不”，根据句意选择B。答案 B例题2 The _instruction on medicine are necessary for the sick. They explain _ whether the medicine is out of date.A. clear;clearly B. clearly；clear C. clearly; clearly解析 句意:对于病人来说，关于药的清楚的说明是必要的。这些说明能够清楚地解释药物是否过期。本题考查形容词和副词辨析.Clear形容词，修饰名词;clearly是副词，修饰动词。答案 A1.1 How _ the music was！ He played the piano _A. wonderful; wonderful B。 wonderfully; wonderfullyC。 。 wonderful; wonderfully D. wonderfully； wonderful1。2 Mrs Smith has a cute baby。 It often smiles at people _。A. friendly B. lovely C.happily D. lively1。3 Some animals can even see things _ in the park.A。 bad B. badly C. clear D。 clearly方法二 正确运用副词的比较级 根据具体语境及题目中一些标志词判断是用副词的原级、比较级还是最高级,尤其注意副词原级与比较级修饰词的区别。例题1 LiLei did quite _ in the english competition。 I did even _.A. better； well B。 good; better C。well;better D。well；good解析 此题考查的副词的原级和比较级。第一句“李雷在英语竞赛中表现得相当好”，用副词well修饰动词did（形容词good不能修饰动词）.第二句“我表现得更好”，用well的比较级better来修饰动词did。答案 C例2 Did Kate do best in the final exam? -No.but of all the students she did _.A. the most careful B. more careful C. most carefully D。more carefully解析 句意：-Kate在期末考试中考的好吗?-不是，可她在所有学生中做的最认真。本题考查副词最高级用法。从of all the students可推知设空处用最高级,故排除B和D；又由设空前的did为实义动词，要用副词来修饰，故选C项。答案 C注意 very,quite，too修饰形容词、副词的原级.much，even，far修饰形容词副词的比较级，very much修饰动词。a little 。a lot . a bit。 rather等可以修饰形容词、副词的原级或比较级，表示说明的程度。2。1 The _ you work at your lessons. the _ results you will get.A. hard; good B. harder； good C. hard； better D. harder; better2.2 Who listens _。 Tom . Jack or Bill？A。 the most carefully B。 more carefully C。 the most careful D. more careful2.3 - The TV programme is boring. Shall we play chess instead？- All right. That is _ than watching a boring programme.A. very good B.much good C. very better D. much better2.4 We have two ears and one mouth so that we can listen _ we park.A. as twice much as B。 twice as much as C. as much as twice D。 as much twice as方法三 注意下列的不同含义1. 有些与形容词同形的副词表示具体概念,而加-ly的副词则往往表示抽象概念,如：High 高地 wide 宽地 deep 深地 close近地Highly高度地 widely 广泛地 deeply深深地 closely仔细地，严密地例题 He opened the door _ .English is _ used in the world 。A. Wide B. Widely 解析 第一句意思是:她把门大开着。这里指门敞开着，应填wide；第二句意思是：英语在全世界被广泛应用。表示程度，应填widely。答案 A B 2. 两种形式的副词含义迥然有异。如：Late 迟，晚 hard 努力地，艰苦地 just 刚刚，仅仅，恰好 most 很，最Lately 最近 hardly几乎不 justly公正地，正当地 mostly 主要地总之：1考生需明晰副词与形容词的区别、转换规律。 2熟记易混副词的确切含义及固定用法. 3不规则副词的比较级和最高级形式要活学活用。3。1 Can you catch what I said?- Sorry。 I can _ understand it.A almost B. hardly C。 nearly D. never3.2 If you dont work _ enough. I dont think your dream will come _。A.hardly； truly B. hardly； true C. hard； true D. hard； truly3.3 Susan enjoys walking at times. but _ she rides back home.A。 mostly B. almost C。 nearly D. most3。4 -Emily. heres a dictionary。 I hope it will help you。- Thank you。 It's _ what I need.A. just B. still C. only D。 almost