名词性从句要点-高三英语二轮复习.pptx
名词性从句名词性从句Noun Clauses英语句子的类型：英语句子的类型：简单句简单句主语主语+谓语谓语 （+宾语）宾语）主语主语+连系动词连系动词+表语表语There be 句型句型并列句并列句分句分句+连词连词(and/so/but/or)+分句分句复合句复合句主句主句+从句从句名词性从句名词性从句 形容词性从句形容词性从句(定语从句定语从句)副词性从句副词性从句(状语从句状语从句)名词性从句名词性从句表语从句表语从句主语从句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句同位语从句同位语从句-句子的主语由一个从句充当句子的主语由一个从句充当-及物动词和介词、形容词的宾语由从句及物动词和介词、形容词的宾语由从句 充当充当-在联系动词在联系动词bebe、seemseem、looklook后充当表后充当表 语的从句语的从句 -用在某些名词后，如用在某些名词后，如fact(事实事实),),news(消息消息),),hope(希望希望),),truth(真理、事实真理、事实),),belief(信信念念),idea(主意、想法主意、想法),),order(命令命令),),doubt(疑问疑问),),fear(害怕害怕),),suggestion(建议建议),),question(问题问题),),promise(诺诺言言),),thought(思想、念头思想、念头)等，充当同位语等，充当同位语,进一步阐述进一步阐述这个名词的内容。这个名词的内容。What you do is none of my business.That he is an honest man is known to all.What I want to know is when he will come back.The problem is what we should do to deal with it.I hope that you can come back on time.I am anxious about whether he can come.I am sure that he can come.The news that he won the game was true.主语主语从句从句宾语宾语从句从句表语表语从句从句同位语同位语从句从句名词性从句的引导词名词性从句的引导词连接代词连接代词 whatwhat,which,which,who(m),whosewho(m),whose连接副词连接副词when,when,where,why,where,why,howhow连接词连接词whether,thatwhether,that if是否是否because因为因为as if/though 似乎似乎what的用法：在名词性从句中充当主语、表语、宾语的用法：在名词性从句中充当主语、表语、宾语,指物。指物。What he told me is true.That is what he said about the matter.He is no longer what he used to be.Do tell me what you want.不要与不要与that或或which搞乱哦！搞乱哦！主语从句注意事项主语从句注意事项:1 1、主语从句可以用形式主语、主语从句可以用形式主语it it。常用形式主语的句。常用形式主语的句型有型有:It+be+形容词形容词(obvious,true,natural,surprising,good,wonderful,funny,possible,likely,certain,probable,etc.)+that从句从句eg.It is certain that she will do well in her exam.It+be+名词词组名词词组(no wonder,an honor,a good thing,a pity,no surprise,etc.)+that从句从句eg.Its a pity that we cant go.It+be+过去分词过去分词(announced,arranged,thought,said,decided,expected,reported,etc.)+that从句从句eg.It is said that Mr.Green has arrived in Beijing.It+seem,happen等不及物动词等不及物动词+that从句从句eg.It happened that I was out that day.1 1、连接词、连接词thatthat在宾语从句中常常可以省略，但在宾语从句中常常可以省略，但有两个或多个宾语从句时，引导第二或以下几个从句的有两个或多个宾语从句时，引导第二或以下几个从句的thatthat不能省。不能省。eg.Everybody could see what happened and that Tom was frightened.thatthat引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时，引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时，thatthat不能省。不能省。eg.I know nothing about him except that he is from the south.宾语从句注意事项宾语从句注意事项:2 2、某些形容词或过去分词后常接宾语从句，这类某些形容词或过去分词后常接宾语从句，这类形容词或过去分词有：形容词或过去分词有：sure,glad,certain,pleased,sure,glad,certain,pleased,happy,afraid,surprised,satisfiedhappy,afraid,surprised,satisfied等，连词等，连词thatthat可省可省略。略。eg.I am not sure what I ought to do.Mother was very pleased(that)her daughter had passed the exams.3 3、如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语，则用、如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语，则用it it作形式宾语，作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。而将宾语从句后置。eg.We thought it strange that Xiao Wang did not come yesterday.4 4、连词、连词whether(or not)whether(or not)或或if if引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句if和和whether引导的宾语从句可以互换使用，但引导的宾语从句可以互换使用，但whether常常和和or not连用，连用，if 则不可以；作介词的宾语只能用则不可以；作介词的宾语只能用whether,不能用不能用if；当宾语从句是否定句时只能用；当宾语从句是否定句时只能用if。eg.I wonder whether(不能用不能用if)it is true or not.Everything depends on whether(不能用不能用if)we have enough experience.I dont care if(是否是否)it doesnt rain.5 5、宾语从句的否定转移、宾语从句的否定转移在在think,believe,suppose,expect等动词后面的否定等动词后面的否定的宾语从句，否定词前移到主句。的宾语从句，否定词前移到主句。eg.I dont think you are right.He didnt believe they have finished the work.6 6、在、在think,believe,imagine,suppose,guess,hopethink,believe,imagine,suppose,guess,hope等动等动词以及词以及Im afraidIm afraid等后，可用等后，可用soso代替一个肯定的宾语从代替一个肯定的宾语从句，还可以用句，还可以用not not 代替一个否定的宾语从句代替一个否定的宾语从句。eg.Do you think he is right?Yes,I think so.No,I dont think so.I think not.Yes,I believe so./No,I believe not.1 1、主语是、主语是reasonreason时，表语从句常用时，表语从句常用thatthat,不用不用becausebecause。eg.The reason for his absence was that he was ill.The reason why he didnt come was that he was ill.表语从句注意事项表语从句注意事项:同位语从句注意事项同位语从句注意事项:注意区分同位语从句和定语从句：注意区分同位语从句和定语从句：前者说明名词词组的内容前者说明名词词组的内容，后者说明名词词组的性质后者说明名词词组的性质特征。特征。前者中的前者中的thatthat在句中不充当任何成分在句中不充当任何成分，后者后者thatthat是从是从句中的一个成分，表示先行词的意义。句中的一个成分，表示先行词的意义。试比较下列句子：试比较下列句子：The news that he joined the army is inspiring.The news that he told me is inspiring.说明说明news的具体内容的具体内容(作宾语作宾语,意义等于意义等于news)(无意义无意义)(同位语从句同位语从句)(定语从句定语从句)修饰、限制修饰、限制news注意事项注意事项:Whatever,whoever,whichever,whenever等可等可用名词性从句用名词性从句或或状语从句中状语从句中而而no matter+what/who/which/when 却只却只能用在状语从句中能用在状语从句中Whoever breaks the school rules should be punished.No matter what happens,Ill be with you.Whatever happens,Ill be with you.
