高考复习定语从句ppt课件.ppt

在日常生活中，随处都可以看到浪费粮食的现象。也许你并未意识到自己在浪费，也许你认为浪费这一点点算不了什么定语从句补充知识点定语从句补充知识点修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。在日常生活中，随处都可以看到浪费粮食的现象。也许你并未意识到自己在浪费，也许你认为浪费这一点点算不了什么（一）定义及相关术语（一）定义及相关术语1.定语从句：定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。饰的先行词之后。在日常生活中，随处都可以看到浪费粮食的现象。也许你并未意识到自己在浪费，也许你认为浪费这一点点算不了什么2.先行词：先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。3.关系词：关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。引导定语从句的词叫关系词。在日常生活中，随处都可以看到浪费粮食的现象。也许你并未意识到自己在浪费，也许你认为浪费这一点点算不了什么4.关系词有关系代词和关系副词关系词有关系代词和关系副词关系代词有关系代词有:that,which,who,whom,whose,as等等关系副词有关系副词有:when,where,why在日常生活中，随处都可以看到浪费粮食的现象。也许你并未意识到自己在浪费，也许你认为浪费这一点点算不了什么5.关系词通常有下列三个作用：关系词通常有下列三个作用：A.引导定语从句引导定语从句；B.代替先行词代替先行词；C.在定语从句中担当一个成分。在定语从句中担当一个成分。The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.Li Ming is just the boy(whom)I want to see.The factory which makes computers is far away from here.He has a friend whose father is a doctor.在日常生活中，随处都可以看到浪费粮食的现象。也许你并未意识到自己在浪费，也许你认为浪费这一点点算不了什么The man with who you talked just now is my neighbour.The plane in which we flew to Canada was really comfortable.The plane in that we flew to Canada was really comfortable.The man with whom you talked just now is my neighbour.在日常生活中，随处都可以看到浪费粮食的现象。也许你并未意识到自己在浪费，也许你认为浪费这一点点算不了什么6.“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”前还可有前还可有some,any,none,all,both,neither,many,most,each,few等代词或者数词等代词或者数词。He loves his parents deeply,both of whom are very kind tohim.There are forty students in our class in all,most of whom arefrom big cities.Up to now,he has written ten stories,three of which areabout country life.在日常生活中，随处都可以看到浪费粮食的现象。也许你并未意识到自己在浪费，也许你认为浪费这一点点算不了什么7.注意区分下列几组句子的不同含义：注意区分下列几组句子的不同含义：1.Her brother who is now a soldier always encourages her to go to college.她那当兵的哥哥总是鼓励她上大学.（她还有其他哥哥）2.Her brother,who is now a soldier,always encourages her to go to college.她哥哥是当兵的，他总是鼓励她上大学（她只有一个哥哥）3.All the books that have pictures in them are well written.所有里面带插图的书都写得很好。（不带插图的书则不一定写得好。）4.All the books,which have pictures in them,are well written.所有的书都带插图，这些书都写得很好。（没有不带插图的书。）在日常生活中，随处都可以看到浪费粮食的现象。也许你并未意识到自己在浪费，也许你认为浪费这一点点算不了什么8.关系代词与关系副词的选择关系代词与关系副词的选择用关系代词还是关系副词引导用关系代词还是关系副词引导定语从句主要看关系词在定语定语从句主要看关系词在定语从句中的作用（即所担当的成从句中的作用（即所担当的成分）分）.在日常生活中，随处都可以看到浪费粮食的现象。也许你并未意识到自己在浪费，也许你认为浪费这一点点算不了什么A.I know a place where we can have a picnic.I know a place which/that is famous for its beautiful natural scenery.Compare:在日常生活中，随处都可以看到浪费粮食的现象。也许你并未意识到自己在浪费，也许你认为浪费这一点点算不了什么B.I will never forget the days when we spent our holidays together.I will never forget the days that/which we spent together.在日常生活中，随处都可以看到浪费粮食的现象。也许你并未意识到自己在浪费，也许你认为浪费这一点点算不了什么C.This is the reason why he was dismissed.This is the reason that/which he explained to me for his not attending the meeting.在日常生活中，随处都可以看到浪费粮食的现象。也许你并未意识到自己在浪费，也许你认为浪费这一点点算不了什么9.but 有时也用作关系词引导有时也用作关系词引导定语从句。定语从句。There are very few but admire his talents.（but=who dont）=There are very few who dont admire his talents.在日常生活中，随处都可以看到浪费粮食的现象。也许你并未意识到自己在浪费，也许你认为浪费这一点点算不了什么10.定语从句与同位语从句的区别定语从句与同位语从句的区别1 1定语从句修饰限定先行词，它与先行词是定语从句修饰限定先行词，它与先行词是修饰关系；同位语从句说明先行词的具体内修饰关系；同位语从句说明先行词的具体内容，它与先行词是同位关系。容，它与先行词是同位关系。The plane that has just taken off is for Paris.The fact that he has already died is quite clear.2 2定语从句由关系代词或关系副词引导，关定语从句由关系代词或关系副词引导，关系词在从句中担当相应的句子成分，关系代系词在从句中担当相应的句子成分，关系代词在从句中作宾语时经常可省略。词在从句中作宾语时经常可省略。在日常生活中，随处都可以看到浪费粮食的现象。也许你并未意识到自己在浪费，也许你认为浪费这一点点算不了什么同位语从句主要由连词同位语从句主要由连词that引导，在从句中一般不担当成引导，在从句中一般不担当成分；有时也由分；有时也由where,when,how,who,whether,what等连等连词引导，这些连词则在从句中词引导，这些连词则在从句中担当成分。担当成分。在日常生活中，随处都可以看到浪费粮食的现象。也许你并未意识到自己在浪费，也许你认为浪费这一点点算不了什么The news that he told me is true.The news that he has just died is true.The problem that we are facing now is how we can collect so much money.The problem how we can collect so much money is difficult to solve.在日常生活中，随处都可以看到浪费粮食的现象。也许你并未意识到自己在浪费，也许你认为浪费这一点点算不了什么3同位语从句与先行词一般可同位语从句与先行词一般可以用动词以用动词 be 发展成一个完整的发展成一个完整的句子句子,而定语从句则不能。而定语从句则不能。A.The idea that he we could ask the teacher for advice is wonderful.The idea was that we could ask the teacher for advice.在日常生活中，随处都可以看到浪费粮食的现象。也许你并未意识到自己在浪费，也许你认为浪费这一点点算不了什么B.The fact that the earth moves around the sun is known to all.The fact is that the earth moves around the sun.在日常生活中，随处都可以看到浪费粮食的现象。也许你并未意识到自己在浪费，也许你认为浪费这一点点算不了什么C.Pay attention to the problem how we can protect the wild animals.The problem is how we can protect the wild animals.在日常生活中，随处都可以看到浪费粮食的现象。也许你并未意识到自己在浪费，也许你认为浪费这一点点算不了什么1.Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play,of course,_ made the others unhappy.A.which B.who C.thisD.what在日常生活中，随处都可以看到浪费粮食的现象。也许你并未意识到自己在浪费，也许你认为浪费这一点点算不了什么2.After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town _ he grew up as a child.A.which B.when C.that D.where在日常生活中，随处都可以看到浪费粮食的现象。也许你并未意识到自己在浪费，也许你认为浪费这一点点算不了什么3.The gentleman _ you told me yesterday proved to be a thief.A.who B.about whom C.whom D.with whom在日常生活中，随处都可以看到浪费粮食的现象。也许你并未意识到自己在浪费，也许你认为浪费这一点点算不了什么4.Please take any seat _ is free.A.which B.where C.in which D.that在日常生活中，随处都可以看到浪费粮食的现象。也许你并未意识到自己在浪费，也许你认为浪费这一点点算不了什么5.The old man has two sons,_ is a soldier.A.one of whom B.both of them C.all of whom D.none of them在日常生活中，随处都可以看到浪费粮食的现象。也许你并未意识到自己在浪费，也许你认为浪费这一点点算不了什么6.This is the ship _ we crossed the Pacific(太平洋太平洋).A.by which B.by that C.where D.in which在日常生活中，随处都可以看到浪费粮食的现象。也许你并未意识到自己在浪费，也许你认为浪费这一点点算不了什么7.New York is famous for its sky-scrapers(摩天大楼摩天大楼)_ has more than 100 storeys.A.the higher of them B.the highest of whichC.the highest of them D.some of which在日常生活中，随处都可以看到浪费粮食的现象。也许你并未意识到自己在浪费，也许你认为浪费这一点点算不了什么9.In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30 p.m.,_ many people have gone home.A.whose time B.that C.at which D.by which time在日常生活中，随处都可以看到浪费粮食的现象。也许你并未意识到自己在浪费，也许你认为浪费这一点点算不了什么10.The boy _ composition won the first prize is the youngest in the group.A.who B.whose C.thatD.which在日常生活中，随处都可以看到浪费粮食的现象。也许你并未意识到自己在浪费，也许你认为浪费这一点点算不了什么11.I dont like the way_ you speak to her.A./B.that C.in which D.All A,B,and C在日常生活中，随处都可以看到浪费粮食的现象。也许你并未意识到自己在浪费，也许你认为浪费这一点点算不了什么12.I shall never forget the years _ I lived in the country with the farmers,has a good effect on my life.A.that,which B.when,which C.which,that D.when,who在日常生活中，随处都可以看到浪费粮食的现象。也许你并未意识到自己在浪费，也许你认为浪费这一点点算不了什么13.Is this book _ you want to borrow from the library?A.that B.which C.the one D./在日常生活中，随处都可以看到浪费粮食的现象。也许你并未意识到自己在浪费，也许你认为浪费这一点点算不了什么14.Such a book _ you showed me is difficult to understand.A.that B.which C.as D.like在日常生活中，随处都可以看到浪费粮食的现象。也许你并未意识到自己在浪费，也许你认为浪费这一点点算不了什么15.The speaker spoke of some writers and some books _ were popular then.A./B.that C.which D.who在日常生活中，随处都可以看到浪费粮食的现象。也许你并未意识到自己在浪费，也许你认为浪费这一点点算不了什么16.This is the store _ we visited the famous shop assistants.A.where B.there C.that D.which在日常生活中，随处都可以看到浪费粮食的现象。也许你并未意识到自己在浪费，也许你认为浪费这一点点算不了什么17.Im going to spend my holiday in Beijing,_ live my old parents.A.which B.that C.where D.there