《跨文化交际与礼仪》教学ppt课件 —Verbal-Communication.ppt

Intercultural Intercultural Communication and EtiquetteCommunication and Etiquette Chapter 3 Verbal Communication Chapter 3 Verbal Communication CONTENTSWarm-arm-up ActivitiesImportant Cultural PointsExercises Related Cultural ResourcesWarm-up ActivitiesWarm-up ActivitiesPart 1Part 1 Warm-up ActivitiesVideo Watching and DiscussionVideo Clip 1:Watching a Video Clip and have a discussion about the following questions:51.Was the mother satisfied with the boyfriend?2.Whats wrong with the boyfriends table manners?Cultural Cultural Points LearningPoints LearningPart Part 2 2Part 2 Cultural Points LearningLearnhowtomakeaconversationLearnhowtobeavisitor/hostProperwaytoshowgratitudeandapologyLearnhowtoaddresspeopleLearnthedifferencesbetweenChineseandEnglishcompliments8 3.1Introduction-VerbalCommunication Definition of VC VC takes place when VC takes place when VC refers to the communication that is carried out either in oral or in written form with the use of words.university students are composing an article,finishing a professors assignment on campus,the employees are writing a report t to their managers in a company by email.people are chatting with their friends,discussing an issue in a group,or making a public speech.VC takes place when 9Howtoaddresspeople?1.PersonalPronouns2.PersonalNames3.PopularAddressTerms4.RelationAddressTerms5.PostandRankAddressTerms6.HonorificAddressTerms7.KinshipTerms3.2FormsofAddresspersonal pronounspersonal pronounsChineseutwo forms:你、您upersonal pronouns are seldom used in greetingsuthe first person pronoun is seldom used in ChineseEnglishuone form：youupersonal pronouns are more widely used in greetingsuWhile in English the first pronoun is more often used 3.2FormsofAddressNames:asurname(familyname)/agivennameHeXianguAndrewLewissurnamegivennamesurnamegivennameprimitivesocietyXia/ShangDynastyGivennamescameintobeingbeforesurnames.collectivismindividualism3.2FormsofAddresspersonal names12SummaryofaddressingpeopleChineseEnglishFormal Relationship/SituationSurname+TitleTitle+SurnameNeutral Relationship/SituationSurname+TitleTitle+SurnameGiven NameClose Relationship/Informal SituationGiven NameGiven Name3.2FormsofAddress13Tips:英英语语里里“副副”的表达的表达3.2FormsofAddress学术头衔的“副”职称，常用associate表示。如：副教授associateprofessor副研究员associateresearchfellow副审判长associatejudge副主任医师associatedoctor行政头衔以“副”字的表示副职的行政职务头衔，可用vice、deputy表达。在实际使用时究竟选用哪个，纯属搭配习惯。一般来说，Vice比Deputy的搭配级别要高。如：Vicepresident/premier/chairman/minister/governor搭配；Deputydirector/chief/head/secretary/dean/mayor搭配。学术头衔Popular Address TermsPopular Address Terms同志师傅老师先生女士小姐美女帅哥MadamMiss/Ms./Mrs.Mr.Sir3.2FormsofAddressRelation Address TermsRelation Address Terms同学师傅老师老板老乡医生DoctorFatherBossNote:Relation terms does not necessarily reflect the real relationship:老师 in Jinan,Shandong3.2FormsofAddressPost and Rank Address TermsPost and Rank Address Termsprofession respected老师、医生、工程师.titles,including official titles:l主席、书记、总理、部长.lAcademic titles:教授、院士lmilitary titles:队长Profession:Doctor,Father,Boss without LNOfficial titles with popular address term:Mr./Mrs./Ms.+official title:Mr.President,Mrs.Ambassador.Military titles with popular address term:Mr.Captain,Mr.ColonelAcademic titles with LN:Dr./Professor Smith3.2FormsofAddressHonorific Address TermsHonorific Address Terms先生、同志、老、公+SN/FN杨绛先生、雷锋同志、钱老、周公解梦老师、太太、夫人Sir，Lady，Madam，Lord+FNor used alone indicating seniority and high social status3.2FormsofAddressKinship Terms:for blood relations and affinitiesKinship Terms:for blood relations and affinities4 groups:lpaternal grouplmaternal grouplwifes linelaffinal groupfictive kinshiplshorten the psychologic distancelmake each other feel esteemed and friendlysisters and brothers in religionCall parents freinds“Aunt or uncle“,only applicable to Children3.2FormsofAddress3.2FormsofAddress中国亲缘关系及称呼图谱中国亲缘关系及称呼图谱3.3InitiatingConversationsandConversationTopicTheproblemoftenliesin:ThepredictabilityofthequestionsWhere are you from?/Are you from America?How can I improve my English?TheinvasionofonesprivacyHow old are you?Are you married?/Where is your husband or wife?How much do you earn?Littleattentionpaidtotheanswersalreadygiven20InitiatingConversationsandConversationTopicYESNOHobbiesHolidaysThe weatherA local or national eventJobsFilms/booksAgeMoney/SalaryHealthFamily3.3InitiatingConversationsandConversationTopic3.4Greeting,VisitingandPartingGreeting,VisitingandParting Goodmorning/afternoon/evening.Goodmorning/afternoon/evening.Howareyou?Howareyou?Howarethingsgoing?Howarethingsgoing?Howareyougettingon?Howareyougettingon?HowareHowarethingsthings(withyou)?(withyou)?Howseverything?Howseverything?Howslife?Howslife?Hello.Hello.Hey./Hi.Hey./Hi.G r e e t i n gWhereareyougoing?你上哪去？Wherehaveyoubeen?你去哪里啦？Haveyouhadyourmeal?吃过了吗？Chineseexpressions Its none of your business.Westernexpressions3.4.1Greeting3.4.2Invitation（ChinaV.S.TheWest）DifferencesIn the westIn ChinaInvitationExpectationsboththehusbandandwifeonlythehusbandorwifeDeclininganInvitationNodetailedexplanationsMoredetailedexplanationTraditionsforMealsProperquantityLargequantityDiningOutHabitssharethecostofthemealequallyamongthem,togoDutch,orsplitthebilltheonewhoinviteseveryoneshouldpayforthemealGenuineV.S.falseinvitation“Letsgettogethersoon!”Itsgoodseeingyou.IwillinviteyoutotealaterToconvincetheinviterthatthereisreallysth.ImportanttobedoneImsorry,Icantgetaway.Iamtiedupthewholeweek.Imalreadybusythatnight.Which One is Genuine invitation?Why？Lily:Its nice talking to you,but I ahve to go right now.Peter:Ok,Perhaps we can meet sometime soon.Lily:That sounds good.Why not drop in sometime?Peter：Great.See you later.Lily:You are moving to Shanghai next month?Shall we have a family get-together for a dinner?Peter:Yeah.So nice of you.Wed love to.Lily:What about 6 pm this Saturday at my home?Peter：OK.See you then.263.4.3PartingWhatarethedifferencesinpartingbetweenChineseandEnglishcultures?3.4.3PartingQuestionPartingPartingWesterners:AcoupleofminutessmalltalkWell,itsbeenlovelytoseeyouagain,butImustbegoingsoon.IhopewellbeabletogettogetheragainbeforelongThankyouforalovelyevening.Imustnotholdyouanylonger.Seetheguesttothedoorandsay“Thankyouforcoming.”Chinese:abruptleave-takingImleavingnow.Foranimportantguest,seehim/hertothebuildinggate,oreventothebusstopandsay“请慢走”，“请走好”,“不远送了”，“有空再来”.Sometimesnotgobackuntiltheguestsisoutofsight3.4.3Parting3.5GratitudeandApologyGratitudeWesterners:generouswiththeirthanks,toalotofpeople,includeintimatepeople,forthefavortheygetwhetheritssignificantornotChinese:notasgenerousaswesternerswiththeirthanks,tonottoomanypeople,especiallynottointimatepeopleGratitudeChinese:seldomValueCollectivismIntegrateselfintoagrouporcommunity.gratitudeandapologybetweenintimatepeoplewillmakebothpartiesfeelshyandmaycauseestrangementWesterners:ubiquitousValueindividualism3.5GratitudeandApologyThanks.Manythanks.Thankyouverymuch.Thankyouverymuchindeed.Ireallydontknowhowtothankyouenough.The degree of gratitude increase3.5GratitudeandApologyApology:u1Areasandfrequencyfortheuseofapologyu2EnglishandChineseexpressionsofapologyu3Formulaicresponsestoapology3.5GratitudeandApology3.5GratitudeandApologyuComparatively,WesternpeoplemakemoreapologiesthanChinesepeopledo.Theywillapologizewhenevertheythinktheymayinvadeothersprivacy.uTheypaylessattentiontopowerorrankdistinction.Theymayapologizeboth to people with less power and close relationship.Therefore it is notunusual to hear elder generations apologize to younger generations,or asuperiortoaninferior.uEvenifthetroubleisnotsoseriousatall,theywillapologize,forexample,theymayapologizeiftheycoughorsneezebysaying:“Excuseme.”Areas and frequency for the use of apologyEnglishandChineseexpressionsofapologyEnglishExcuseme.Imsorry./Sorryaboutthat.Imvery/so/terribly/awfully/extremelysorryforthat.IcanttellyouhowsorryIam.Ibegyourpardon(for)./Pardonme./Athousandpardonsfor.Pleaseforgiveme(for.).Iapologize.Imustapologizeformyrudeness/fault/mistake,etc.Imustbegtoapologize/makeanapologyfor.Maylofferyoumyprofoundestapologies?MayIofferyoumysincerestapologiesforthewrongsIvedonetoyou.Chinesel对不起。l不好意思。l请原谅谅解（我的过失鲁莽错误粗心）l我道歉。l难以表达内心的抱歉。l向你表达致以深深的歉意。l为我的过失鲁莽错误粗心表示最真诚的歉意！Formulaic Responses to apologiesEnglishItdoesntmatteratall.Nevermind(aboutthat).Noharmdone.Noproblem.ForgetitPleasedontworry.Thatsquiteallright.Iquiteunderstand.Itsnotyourfault.Itsnothing.Thereisnoreasontoapologize.Itsreallynotnecessary.Chinesel没关系。l不要紧。l没事。l我理解。l不是你的过错。l不用道歉自责。3.5GratitudeandApologyComparetheChineseexpression“没关系”andEnglishexpression“Nevermind”and“Itdoesntmatter?-TheChineseexpression“没关系”or“不要紧”couldberesponsetobothgratitudeandapologyinChinese.However,theycouldnotbetranslatedinto“Itdoesntmatter”or“Nevermind”whichareconsideredtheresponsesonlytoapologyinEnglish.3.6ComplimentsandComplimentResponsesA.ComplimentandcomplimentresponsesB.SocialfunctionsofcomplimentsC.DifferencesbetweenChinesecomplimentsandEnglishcompliments(semanticformulaandsyntacticformula)373.6.1Socialfunctionsofcompliments1.Tocreateorreinforcesolidarity2.Togreetpeople3.Toexpressthanksorcongratulations4.Toencourage5.Tosoftencriticism6.Tostartaconversation7.Toovercomeembarrassment3.6.2ThedifferencesofcomplimentbetweenChineseandEnglishThedifferencesofcomplimentbetweenChineseandEnglishInChinaInthewestTopicinnerbeautyoutcomesTargetPeopleofhigherstatusbidirectionalPersonalPronoun2ndpersonpronoun.1stpersonpronounSemanticFormulapositivewordsexpressingcomplimentsaremainlyadjectives,adverbsandverbs.ahighlyrestrictedsetofadjectivesandverbsSyntacticFormula9categories39The Semantic FormulaThis was a great meal.You look so nice today.You did a good job.I like your haircut.I love your glasses.I really enjoyed your classYour skirt is very pretty.This room is really good.Youre really an experienced teacher.You did the job very well.You treat people sincerely.I especially like the color of your blouse.You deserve being praised.English compliments:Adjectives VerbsEnglish compliments:Adjectives VerbsChinese compliments:Adjectives Adverb VerbsChinese compliments:Adjectives Adverb Verbs3.6.2ThedifferencesofcomplimentbetweenChineseandEnglishuItiscommonforamantoinformallygiveawomancomplimentsonherlooksorclothinguItistakenasakindofflirtationifamancomplimentsawomanChinesepeoplecomplimenteachothermuchlessfrequentlythanwesternersdo.uChinesepeopletrytodrawalinebetweencomplimentandflattery.uChinesepeopleinterpretotherspositivecomplimentsasarequestforpossessingsomething.Attention:41Response Formulas of E and C complimentsAmerican English A:This is really a nice sweater.B:Im glad you like it.A:You did a good job.B:Thank you/Thanks.Chinese:A:Your sweater is very good.B:I bought it only for ten yuan.A:You did the job very well.B:Thats the result of joint efforts./Theres still much room for improvement.3.742VisitingandDining3.7.1Visiting43Businessvisiting:arrangethetimeinadvancecomestraighttothepointSocialvisiting:(moreflexible)Imcomingtoseeyouthisafternoon.(*Implication:“YoumuststayathomethisafternoonbecauseImcomingtoseeyou.”)CanIcomeandseeyouthisafternoon?Visiting and DiningVisiting and DiningVisiting1.different ways to request for a visitingIn western:question In China:statement2.A big meal V.S.Small MealDiningWho pays 45 Ihaventseenyouforalongtime.IwaswonderingwhetherIcouldcomeroundtovisityousometime.Idliketocomeandseeyousometime.Wouldyoubefreeoneafternoonnextweek?Mr.ZhangandIwouldliketocomeandvisityou.WoulditbeconvenientforustocomeWednesdayevening?Somesuitableexpressions:46AdvancenoticeTakeofftheout-doorclothingimmediately,ifnot,theywouldconsideryoustayonlyafewminutes.Guests:takingoffthecoat,beaskedtositdownthehost:mayoffersomethingtodrinkliketeaorcoffeeThings to be minded(About visiting)IntheWestNotdrinkteaorcoffee,notgiveanyDrinkteaorcoffee,drinkitall;finishit,offeragainInChinaThehost(foreigner):offeracupofteaTheChinese:refuseoutofpolitenessandwantthehosttooffermoretimesThehost:notmakemoreofferTheChinese:notsohospitable;acceptthecup,nottodrinkitallThehost:feeloffended47Thingstobeminded(Aboutdrink)IfguestsareinvitedforamealChinese:prepareaverylargenumberofdishesWesterns:tendtorelatethemealsizemoreaccuratelytothepeoplesappetitesChinese:constantlyputthebestpiecesoffoodonthevisitorsplateWesterns:leavetheguesttohelphimself/herselfanddonotkeepurginghim/hertoeatmoreInChina:acceptabletoleaveunwantedfoodontheplateIntheWest:impolite48Thingstobeminded(AboutFood-offeringdifferences)3.7.2Dining u1Differenttraditionsformealsu2Differentdiningouthabits3.7.2Dining(DifferentTraditionsforMeals)3.7.2Dining(DifferentTraditionsforMeals)3.7.2Dining(DifferentDiningoutHabits)Who will pay for the bill?Sharethecostofthemeal/splitthebill;Wheninapub,usually,eachpersoninthegroupwilltaketurnsbuyingaround.Inthewest:Theinviterwillpayforthebill;Whennobodyactsasthehost,everyonemayfightoverpayingforthebill.InChinaPayingforonesownsharemeansequalitybetweenfriends.Onlypayingforonesownsharemightberegardedasbeingmean,miserlyorselfish.ExercisesExercisesPart Part 3 3Part3ExercisesII.ComprehensionCheck_1.WecanaddressEricSmith，whoisateacher,asTeacherSmith_2.ChinesehospitalitytowardtheWesternersisalwaysgreatlyappreciated_3.”Thankyouforcoming!”isatypicalexpressionusedbyWesternhostswhentheguestsjustarrived_4.AdjectivesandverbsareoftenusedtoconveycomplimentmessageinEnglish,whileadjectives,adverbsandverbsareoftenusedinChinese._5.ComplimentsonothersbelongingsaresometimesanindirectwayofrequestinAmericanculture.II.ComprehensionCheckDecidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F).FTFFFPart3ExercisesII.ComprehensionCheck_6.ChinesepeoplegivemorecomplimentsindailylifethanAmericans._7.Americanstendtobeself-effacingintheircomplimentresponses._8.Donttakeoffence-gettingtheformofaddress“wrong”israrelyintendedtobeoffensive._9.Allculturesrequireandvaluepoliteness,butthewaysinwhichpolitenessisachievedmayvarysignificantly._10.SometimestheChinesewayofshowingmodestymaybeconsideredasfishingforcompliments.FTTFTPart3ExercisesIII.VocabularyIII.VocabularyCompletethefollowingsentenceswiththewordsgivenbelowandeachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.disgustmistrustbeckonverbaleffacecomplimentaddressabruptelicittoken1Heshowedhisforthemoviebyleavinginthemiddle.2.Sheshowedherofdoctorsbyignoringherphysiciansadvice.3Thisdistantlandofdeepspirituality,legendaryart,architecture,anddramaticscenerytheexplorer.4.Boyslearntouselanguagetopreserveindependenceandnegotiatetheirstatus,tryingtoholdcenterstage,challengingandresistingchallenges,displayingknowledgeandskill.5.Shirleydidherbesttoherselfatparties.disgustmistrustbeckonverbaleffacePart3KeystoExercisesIII.Vocabulary6.TheymeonthewayIlookedeachtimetheysawme.7.Thejudgeshouldbeas“YourHonor”.8.Rosiesidyllicworldcametoanendwhenherparentsmarriagebrokeup.9.Hertearsgreatsympathyfromheraudience.10.Pplimentedaddressedabruptelicittoken1.恭敬不如从命。2.百闻不如一见3.来而不往非礼也4.有朋自远方来不亦乐乎IV.TranslationTranslatethefollowingChinesephrasesintoEnglishandviceversa1.Obedienceisbetterthanpoliteness2.Seeingisbelieving.3.Courtesyononesideonlylastsnotlong4.Isitdelightfultohavefriendscomingfromafar?Part3ExercisesIV.TranslationPart3ExercisesIV.Translation5.Amissisasgoodasamile.6.Aleopardcanno