过去分词-高中英语语法课件.ppt
used as an adjective or adverbGrammarandusage1.只有一种形式只有一种形式(规则规则+ed;不规则要记不规则要记)3.有动词和形容词有动词和形容词,副词的性质副词的性质2.表被动表被动(vt.)或完成或完成(vt.&vi.)过过去去分分词词Features:Features:Past Participle4.stand/sit/lie+v-ed-表两个动作同表两个动作同时发生时发生.Theystoodtalkingtoeachother.Fortunately,shejustlaytrappedunderthebuilding.1.作作定语定语3.作表语作表语2.作宾补作宾补过过去去分分词词Usage:Usage:4.作状语作状语1.过去分词作定语过去分词作定语1.Most of the people invited to the party were famous scientists.=Most of the people who were invited to the party were famous scientists.2.If I had the chance,I would have a cloned baby.=If I had the chance,I would have a baby who is cloned.过去分词作定语时，它和被修饰过去分词作定语时，它和被修饰的词是逻辑上的被动关系，相当的词是逻辑上的被动关系，相当于一个被动语态的定语从句。于一个被动语态的定语从句。Polluted air and water are harmful to peoples health.I think the scientific advances mentioned in your article are interesting.单个分词作定语时，放在所修饰词之单个分词作定语时，放在所修饰词之前；分词短语则放在之后。前；分词短语则放在之后。the highly praised scientist the fallen leaves the completed building =the scientist who has been highly praised=the leaves that have fallen=the building that has been completed 多数情况下多数情况下,及物动词的过去分及物动词的过去分词可以表示词可以表示完成和被动完成和被动含义；不含义；不及物的过去分词则表示及物的过去分词则表示完成完成。在礼堂里做演讲在礼堂里做演讲的教授的教授在田间劳作的农在田间劳作的农民民持续半个小时的持续半个小时的会议会议朝街的大楼朝街的大楼theprofessorgivingaspeechinthehallthefarmersworkinginthefieldthemeetinglastinghalfanhourthebuildingfacingthestreet现在分词表主动现在分词表主动,表正在进行表正在进行2.过去分词作表语过去分词作表语1.Tom sounds very much _ in the job,but Im not sure whether he can manage it.A.interested B.interesting2.He seems quite delighted at the news.3.The glass is broken.(系表结构系表结构)表示主语所处的状态。很多过去分词已表示主语所处的状态。很多过去分词已完全具备形容词的特征。完全具备形容词的特征。Adelighting令人高兴的令人高兴的-delighted感到高兴的感到高兴的disappointing令人失望的令人失望的-disappointed感到失望的感到失望的encouraging令人鼓舞的令人鼓舞的-encouraged感到鼓舞的感到鼓舞的pleasing令人愉快的令人愉快的-pleased感到愉快的感到愉快的satisfying令人满意的令人满意的-satisfied感到满意的感到满意的surprising令人惊异的令人惊异的-surprised感到惊异的感到惊异的worrying令人担心的令人担心的-worried感到担心的感到担心的tiring令人疲倦的令人疲倦的-tired感到疲倦的感到疲倦的boring令人厌烦的令人厌烦的-bored感到厌烦的感到厌烦的试比较试比较:1.I noticed an_(amaze)difference.I was_(amaze)at the great differences.但但:1)Her _(frighten)voice suggested she was _(frighten).2)We knew from his_(disappoint)look that he didnt pass the test.2.Can you tell me why the _sun looks much bigger than the_ sun?(rise)3.The _news made her_.(upset)4.The boy was more_(frighten)than_(hurt).amazingamazedfrightenedfrighteneddisappointedrisingrisenupsettingupsetfrightenedhurt3.过去分词作宾补过去分词作宾补1.He felt his face lost before his friends.My family heard my poem broadcast by the BBC.I want this work finished by tomorrow.Will you please make yourself known to us,please?You should keep them informed of what is going on here.I will never get all this work finished.Tips:过去分词作宾补常用于以过去分词作宾补常用于以下情况：下情况：1.用在表示感觉或心理状态词用在表示感觉或心理状态词语语:feel,hear,see,notice,observe,watch等。等。2.使役动词的词语：使役动词的词语：leave,make,get,have,keep等。等。4.过去分词作状语过去分词作状语1.Tired after the trip,he soon fell asleep.2.Given more time,I would have worked out the problem.3.Lost in thought,he almost ran into a car.4.The teacher came in,followed by some students.5.Seen from the hill,the city looks like a garden.原因状语原因状语原因状语原因状语条件状语条件状语时间状语时间状语伴随状语伴随状语1.Tired after the trip,he soon fell asleep.Because he was tired after the trip,he soon fell asleep.2.Given more time,I would have worked out the problem.=If I had been given more time,I would have worked out the problem.3.Lost in thought,he almost ran into a car.4.The teacher came in,followed by some students.=The teacher came in and he was followed by some students.5.Seen from the hill,the city looks like a garden.=When the city is seen from the hill,it looks like a garden.=Because he was lost in thought,he almost ran into a car.He will not come unless invited.Though told to stop,he kept on walking.Im doing my homework as requested.过去分词作状语时，前面常有过去分词作状语时，前面常有unless,when,if,while,though,as if 等等连词，这样就能使过去分词短语所表连词，这样就能使过去分词短语所表示示 的意思更加明确。的意思更加明确。(作作条件条件状语状语)(作作让步让步状语状语)(作作方式方式状语状语)All of these subject are the same as those in the main clause.If it is not the same,we should use“逻辑主语逻辑主语+过去分词过去分词”构成的独立结构构成的独立结构The house destroyed,they had to live in the shelter.A book in hand,he went into the classroom.=He went into the classroom with a book in his hand.1.Hearing the bad news,they couldnt help crying.2.Being so angry,he couldnt go to sleep.3.The factory keeps releasing smoke,making the air dirty.4.Though working from morning till night,his father didnt get enough food.5.They came into the classroom,singing and laughing.规律规律(一一):):分词分词:现在分词现在分词/过去分词过去分词现在现在分词表示分词表示主动主动和和进行进行；过去过去分词表示分词表示被动被动和和完成完成。分词作状语时分词作状语时,无论主动还是被动无论主动还是被动形式形式,分词动作的逻辑主语和主句的分词动作的逻辑主语和主句的主语应该保持一致主语应该保持一致规律规律(二二):):当当v-ing形式作状语时，要考虑形式作状语时，要考虑时态时态与与语态语态若它所表示的动作发生在谓语动若它所表示的动作发生在谓语动作作之前之前，需用，需用having done,如果表被动则用如果表被动则用 having been doneExerciseCan you change the following attributive clauses into verb-ed form?(1)Weshoulddrinkwaterwhichhasbeenboiled.(2)Theytookthewomanwhowasinjuredtothenearbyhospitalatonce.(3)Thekidnapperswereusingacarwhichwasstolen.Can you change the following attributive clauses into verb-ed form?(1)Weshoulddrinkwaterwhichhasbeenboiled.Weshoulddrinkboiledwater.(2)Theytookthewomanwhowasinjuredtothenearbyhospitalatonce.Theytooktheinjuredwomantothenearbyhospitalatonce.(3)Thekidnapperswereusingacarwhichwasstolen.Thekidnapperswereusingastolencar.Thedark-hairedmanwentintotheroom.4.Themanwhowasdark-hairedwentintotheroom.(5)Thenamewhichwasmentionedintheletterwasunknowntome.Thenamementionedintheletterwasknowntome.(6)Thefiremenweretryingtorescuethepeoplewhoweretrappedinthefire.Thefiremenweretryingtorescuethepeopletrappedinthefire.(7)Frightenedbythescene,thegirldidnotdaregooutalone.Becauseshewasfrightenedbythescene,thegirldidnotdaregooutalone.(8)Onceseen,itcanneverbeforgotten.Onceitisseen,itcanneverbeforgotten.(9)Unlessinvited,Iwillnotgototheparty.UnlessIaminvited,Iwillnotgototheparty.链接高考链接高考1.Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee_thenextyear.（2000全国）全国）AcarryoutBcarryingoutCcarriedoutDtocarryout 2._thegeneralstateofhishealth,itmaytakehimawhiletorecoverfromtheoperation.A.GivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.Havinggiven3.Itshamesmetosayit,butItoldaliewhen_atthemeetingbymyboss.（04全国全国IV）A.questioningB.havequestionedC.questionedD.tobequestioned4.Youshouldunderstandthetrafficrulebynow.Youvehadit_oftenenough.（05天津卷）天津卷）A.explainingB.toexplainC.explainD.explained5.Theresearchissodesignedthatonce_nothingcanbedonetochangeit.（02全国）全国）BeginshavingbegunBeginningbegun 6._inthemountainsforaweek,thetwostudentswerefinallysavedbythelocalpolice(05江苏卷江苏卷)A.HavinglostB.LostB.C.BeinglostD.Losing7._inawhiteuniform,helooksmorelikeacookthanadoctor.（05湖南卷）湖南卷）A.DressedB.TodressC.DressingD.Havingdressed8.Lawsthatpunishparentsfortheirlittlechildrensactionsagainstthelawsgetparents.（04重庆）重庆）A.worried B.toworryC.worryingD.worry9._intouseinApril2000,thehotlinewasmeantforresidentsreportingwaterandheatingsupplybreakdowns.（05上海卷）上海卷）A.PutB.PuttingC.HavingputD.Beingput10._withthesizeofthewholeearth,thebiggestoceandoesnotseembigatall.（04湖北）湖北）ACompareBWhencomparing CComparingDWhencompared11._bythebeautyofnature,thegirlfromLondondecidedtospendanothertwodaysonthefarm.（04辽宁）辽宁）AAttracting BAttractedCTobeattractedDHavingattracted12.Whenfirst_tothemarket,theseproductsenjoyedgreatsuccess.（04全国全国II）A.introducing B.introducedC.IntroduceD.beingintroduced13._andhappy,Tonystoodupandacceptedtheprize.(2006全国全国)A.SurprisingB.SurprisedC.BeingsurprisedD.TobesurprisingConsolidationI.Multiplechoice:1.-Whatsthelanguage_inNewZealand?-English.A.speakingB.spokenC.bespokenD.tospeak2.Thecar_inGermanyinthe1960slooksoldnow.A.producedB.producingC.toproduceD.whichproduced3.-Youdbetterhaveyoursportsjacket_.Itstoodirty.-Thanks.Iwill.A.towashB.washedC.washingD.wash4.YesterdayIheardastory_bymyfriend.A.toldB.tellingB.C.totellD.tell5.Generallyspeaking,when_accordingtothedirections,thedrughasnosideeffect.A.takingB.takenC.totakeD.tobetaken6.Thefirsttextbooks_forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.A.havingbeenwrittenB.tobewrittenC.beingwrittenD.written7.Isthisthewatchyouwish_?A.tohaverepairedB.torepairitC.tohaveitrepairedD.willberepaired8._manytimes,buthestillcouldnt understandit.A.Havingbeentold B.ThoughhehadbeentoldC.HewastoldD.HavingtoldII.Translation:1.这扇朝南的窗户是破的。这扇朝南的窗户是破的。Thewindowfacingthesouthisbroken.2我们的班主任是一位受人爱戴的女性我们的班主任是一位受人爱戴的女性。Ourheadteacherisawomanlovedbyall.3.我今天收到的那封信是我哥哥寄来的。我今天收到的那封信是我哥哥寄来的。Theletterthatreachedmetodayisfrommybrother.4.输掉那场比赛后，她看上去很失望。She looked disappointed after she lost the game.5.从山顶看这座城市时，它看起来很壮丽。Seen from the top of the hill,the city looks significant.6.那位教授在学生们的簇拥下，兴高采烈地坐在那儿。Surrounded by his students,the professor sat there cheerfully.
