高中英语语法：定语从句与名词性从句)课件.pptx

定语从句定语从句 the Attributive Clause 名词性从句名词性从句定语从句定语从句(一一).定语从句定语从句 构成及种类构成及种类:1.The school where we live and study lies west of the town.2.I,who am your English teacher,will try my best to help you.限制性定语从句限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句结构：结构：先行词先行词 +关系词关系词 +定语从句定语从句(二二).如何使用引导词如何使用引导词:1.关系代词关系代词主语主语宾语宾语 定语指代人指代人指代物指代物2.关系副词关系副词 _,_,_ who (that)whom (that)whosewhich that which thatwhosewhenwherewhy链接高考链接高考:1.(2006北京北京)Women _ drink more than two cups of coffee have a greater chance of having heart disease than those _ dont.2.(2004上海上海)A fast food restaurant is the place _,just as the name suggests,eating is performed quickly.who whowhere3.(2003北京北京)We are living in an age _ many things are done on computer.4.(2005北京春北京春)Do you still remember the chicken farm _ we visited three months ago?5.(1996NMET)After living in Paris for 50 years,he returned to the small town _ he grew up as a child.when that/which（）where6.(2006福建福建)Look out!Dont get close to the house _ roof is under repair.7.(2002上海上海)Is this the reason _ he explained to the meeting for his carelessness in his work?whose(that/which)1.关系代词关系代词 that与与which 的不同点的不同点2.介词介词+关系代词关系代词 引导的定语从句引导的定语从句3.as 引导的定语从句引导的定语从句4.一些特殊词之后定语从句关联词的选择一些特殊词之后定语从句关联词的选择5.定语从句定语从句与与其它从句、强调句型其它从句、强调句型的比较的比较高考热点高考热点1:that 与与 which 的不同点的不同点:A.1).He handed everything _he had stolen.(1988MET)2).The only thing _ we can do now is to work hard at our lessons.3).This is the most exciting film _ I have ever seen.4).They talked of the persons and things _ theyremembered in the school.(that)(that)(that)(that)-4).Who is the man _ is standing over there?总结总结:下列下列5种情况下种情况下,要用要用 that 引导引导 定语从句定语从句,不能用不能用 which.1).当先行词当先行词是是 all,much,little,something,anything,everything.nothing 等不定代词时等不定代词时;或者先行词或者先行词 被被all,much,little,some,any,every,no 等词等词修饰修饰时时;that2.当先行词当先行词被序数词和最高级修饰时被序数词和最高级修饰时;3.当先行词当先行词被被 the only;the very;the first;the last 等词修饰时等词修饰时;4.当先行词中当先行词中既有人又有物既有人又有物时时;5.当当主句中有主句中有 who 或者或者 which 时时,为了避免重复为了避免重复,定语从句只能用定语从句只能用 that 引导引导.B.1.(2005浙江卷浙江卷)Jim passed the driving test,_ surprised everybody in the office.2.(1998NMET)Wilma became the first woman to win 3 Olympic gold medals in track,_ made her mother very proud.3.(2004北京卷北京卷)Luckily,we had brought a map without _ we would have lost our way.which which which-总结总结:下列两种情况下下列两种情况下不能用不能用 that 引导引导定语从句定语从句:1.引导非限制性定语从句引导非限制性定语从句,不能用不能用that;2.关系代词前有介词前置关系代词前有介词前置时时,不能用不能用that;再如再如:This is the classroom _ we study in.This is the classroom in _ we study.(that/which)which高考热点高考热点2:介词介词+关系代词关系代词 的考查的考查1.(2006湖南卷湖南卷)We saw several natives advancing towards our party,and one of them came up to us,_ we gave some bells and glasses.A.to which B.to whom C.with whom D.with which2.(2005山东卷山东卷)He was educated at a local grammar school,_ he went on to Cambridge.A.from which B.after that C.after which D.from that 3.(2006浙江卷浙江卷)I was given three books on cooking,the first_ I really enjoyed.A.of that B.of which C.that D.which4.(2005重庆卷重庆卷)Mark was a student at this university from 1999 to 2003,_ he studied very hard and was made Chairman of the Students Union.A.during which time B.for which time C.during whose time D.by that time高考热点高考热点3:_ 1.(NMET)The teacher set us such a difficult problem _ none of us worked out.(对比对比:The teacher set us such a difficult problem _ none of us worked it out.)2.(2000上海春上海春)These houses are sold at such a low price _ people expected.as that-as-as 引导的定语从句引导的定语从句3.(2001NMET)_ is known to everybody,the moon travels around the earth once every month.总结总结:1.as 可以可以引导限制性定语从句，引导限制性定语从句，先行词中有先行词中有 such,as,so,the same 等词修饰等词修饰,构成固定搭配构成固定搭配:suchas;asas.,so.as;the same.as.同时同时 as 充当从句的主语充当从句的主语、宾语或者宾语或者表语表语.As2.as 还可以还可以引导非限制性定语从句引导非限制性定语从句,代表主句的所有内容代表主句的所有内容,as 从句从句既可以既可以 放在主句前放在主句前,也可以也可以放在主句后放在主句后.从句动词经常是从句动词经常是:see,know,mention.imagine,mention,expect,point out 等词等词.as 的含义为的含义为“正如正如,像像.一样一样”Notes:which 也可以也可以引导非限制性定语从句引导非限制性定语从句,代表主句的所有内容代表主句的所有内容,但是但是 which从句从句只能放在主句后。只能放在主句后。as 与与 which 引导非限制性定语从句引导非限制性定语从句的区别的区别:1.(1998上海上海)He was very rude to the customs officer,_ of course made things even worse.2.(1999NMET)Carol said the work would be done by October,_ personally I doubt very much.3.(2004北京北京)_ is reported in the newspapers,talks between the two countries are making progress.which which As4.(2005浙江浙江)_ I explained on the phone,your request will be considered at the next meeting.As高考热点高考热点4:一些特殊词之后定语从句关联词的选择一些特殊词之后定语从句关联词的选择:A.1.(2003上海上海)I can think of many cases _ students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldnt write a good essay.2.(2007陕西）陕西）Today we are going to discuss a number of cases _ beginners of English fail to use the language properly.where where 3.(2006山东卷山东卷)We are just going to reach a point _ both sides will sit together and talk.4.(2007江西卷江西卷)After graduation she reached a point in her career _ she needed to decide what to do.但是，有时候需要克服思维定势，但是，有时候需要克服思维定势，具体问题具体分析：具体问题具体分析：-Do you have anything to say for yourself?-Yes,there is one point _ we must insist on.2006江西卷江西卷 where where(that)-B.People were excited at the news _ China succeeded in launching Change One.2.The news _ he told us made us excited.that同位语从句同位语从句 （that/which）定语从句定语从句 定语从句定语从句 与与 同位语从句同位语从句1.1).He has two daughters,both of _ are doctors.2).He has two daughters,and both of _ are doctors.2.1._ is well known that China has launched Change One successfully.2._ is known to all,Change One has been launched successfully.3._ is known to all is that China has succeeded in sending up Change One.whom them It As What 3.1.He is such a good teacher _ we all like him.2.He is such a good teacher _ we all like.3.He is a good teacher,_ we all know.4.He is a good teacher,_ makes us respect him.that as as which4.1.Is this the factory _ he worked five years ago?2.Is this the factory _ he visited the other day?3.Is this factory _ he visited the other day?where(that/which)the one(that)Good-bye!Little by little,one goes far