高考英语二轮复习-第1模块-语法填空-专题7-非谓语动词ppt课件-湘教版.ppt

专题七非谓语动词专题七非谓语动词专题导读专题导读专题七专题七 专题导读专题导读 1 1分词作状语考查最多分词作状语考查最多高考题中多次考查分词作状语，包括原因状语、伴随状语高考题中多次考查分词作状语，包括原因状语、伴随状语等。这些题要求我们首先分清非谓语动词与所修饰词的逻等。这些题要求我们首先分清非谓语动词与所修饰词的逻辑关系，然后选择。辑关系，然后选择。2 2分词短语作定语分词短语作定语 在所考查的众多非谓语动词作定语中，几乎所有的都为在所考查的众多非谓语动词作定语中，几乎所有的都为短语形式，这一点需要大家注意。短语形式，这一点需要大家注意。3 3非谓语动词的各种用法都有所涉猎，但固定形式不非谓语动词的各种用法都有所涉猎，但固定形式不多。非谓语作状语、定语、主语等都有所考查，但固定搭多。非谓语作状语、定语、主语等都有所考查，但固定搭配考查不是重点。配考查不是重点。专题七专题七 专题导读专题导读 解题小技巧解题小技巧 1 1分清主被动关系是解题的关键分清主被动关系是解题的关键 分析分析20102010、20112011两年的高考题，我们发现，现在分词与过去两年的高考题，我们发现，现在分词与过去分词是高考的重点。而选择时只要我们知道非谓语动词与所修饰分词是高考的重点。而选择时只要我们知道非谓语动词与所修饰的名词或代词之间的关系，就很容易答题了。现在分词表达主动的名词或代词之间的关系，就很容易答题了。现在分词表达主动的动作，过去分词表达被动的动作，这是解题的关键。的动作，过去分词表达被动的动作，这是解题的关键。2 2分清非谓语动词在句子中所作的成分分清非谓语动词在句子中所作的成分 句子的成分不同，所选的非谓语形式就有可能不同，即使同句子的成分不同，所选的非谓语形式就有可能不同，即使同样是作状语，作时间、条件、伴随、方式等状语与作目的状语也样是作状语，作时间、条件、伴随、方式等状语与作目的状语也不同。如：表达目的用不定式。不同。如：表达目的用不定式。3 3积累一些固定形式积累一些固定形式过去分词中有的与主语是被动关系，如：过去分词中有的与主语是被动关系，如：(be)seated,(be(be)seated,(be)dressed,(be)located)dressed,(be)located等。也有的为固定形式，与主语没有逻等。也有的为固定形式，与主语没有逻辑关系，如：辑关系，如：to tell you the truth,judging fromto tell you the truth,judging from专题七专题七 真题典例真题典例1.20111.2011四川卷四川卷 _ an important role in a new _ an important role in a new moviemovie，Andy has got a chance to become famous.Andy has got a chance to become famous.A AOfferOfferB BOffering Offering C COffered DOffered DTo offerTo offer【解析解析】C C句意：安迪被提供了在一部新影片里扮演一个句意：安迪被提供了在一部新影片里扮演一个重要角色的机会，他有机会出名了。动词重要角色的机会，他有机会出名了。动词offeroffer与句子主语存与句子主语存在逻辑上被动关系。故选在逻辑上被动关系。故选C C。专题七专题七 真题典例真题典例2.20112.2011湖南卷湖南卷 The players _ from the whole The players _ from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game.game.A Aselecting Bselecting Bto select to select C Cselected Dselected Dhaving selectedhaving selected【解析解析】C C分析句子结构可知，此处分析句子结构可知，此处“_from _from the whole countrythe whole country”为非谓语动词形式作后置定语修为非谓语动词形式作后置定语修饰饰the playersthe players。根据。根据the playersthe players与与selectselect的被动关系可的被动关系可判断排除表主动关系的判断排除表主动关系的A A、B B、D D三项，故选三项，故选C C。专题七专题七 真题典例真题典例3.20113.2011湖南卷湖南卷 The ability _ an idea is as The ability _ an idea is as important as the idea itself.important as the idea itself.A Aexpressing Bexpressing Bexpressed expressed C Cto express Dto express Dto be expressedto be expressed【解析解析】C C “做某事的能力做某事的能力”习惯表达为习惯表达为the ability the ability to do to do sthsth.，即不定式短语，即不定式短语to express an ideato express an idea作后置定语作后置定语修饰修饰the abilitythe ability，意为，意为“表达想法的能力表达想法的能力”。故选。故选C C。专题七专题七 真题典例真题典例4.20104.2010北京卷北京卷 ItIts important for the figures s important for the figures _ regularly._ regularly.A Ato be updatedto be updated B Bto have been updated to have been updated C Cto updateto update D Dto have updatedto have updated【解析解析】A Afigure(figure(数字数字)和和update(update(更新更新)是动宾关系，是动宾关系，因此要用被动形式。此外，从后面的因此要用被动形式。此外，从后面的regularly(regularly(定期地定期地)来看，来看，更新是经常性的动作，所以应该用一般式。更新是经常性的动作，所以应该用一般式。专题七专题七 真题典例真题典例5.20115.2011北京卷北京卷 Sit down,Emma.You will only make Sit down,Emma.You will only make yourself more tired,_ on your feet.yourself more tired,_ on your feet.A Ato keepto keep B Bkeepingkeeping C Chaving kepthaving kept D Dto have keptto have kept【解析解析】B B句意：坐下吧，艾玛，老是站着会更累的。句意：坐下吧，艾玛，老是站着会更累的。专题七专题七 真题典例真题典例6.20116.2011山东卷山东卷 Look over thereLook over theretheretheres a very long,s a very long,winding path_ up to the house.winding path_ up to the house.A Aleading Bleading Bleads leads C Cled Dled Dto leadto lead【解析解析】A A 句意：看那儿句意：看那儿有一条很长的，蜿蜒曲折的小路有一条很长的，蜿蜒曲折的小路通向那座房子。考查现在分词短语作后置定语。本题的通向那座房子。考查现在分词短语作后置定语。本题的there there bebe句型中已经用句型中已经用isis，故排除，故排除B B项；又由题中的动词项；又由题中的动词looklook可以判断可以判断leadlead这一动作不是表示将来的动作，故可以排除过去分词短语这一动作不是表示将来的动作，故可以排除过去分词短语和不定式短语充当的后置定语，即排除和不定式短语充当的后置定语，即排除C C、D D两项。两项。在本句中在本句中leading up to the houseleading up to the house作后置定语，修饰作后置定语，修饰pathpath，相当于定语，相当于定语从句从句which leads up to the housewhich leads up to the house。故选。故选A A。专题七专题七 真题典例真题典例7.20117.2011江西卷江西卷 On receiving a phone call from his wife On receiving a phone call from his wife _ she had a fall,Mr.Gordon immediately rushed _ she had a fall,Mr.Gordon immediately rushed home from office.home from office.A Asayssays B Bsaidsaid C Csayingsaying D Dto sayto say【解析解析】C C 句意：在接到妻子的电话说她摔倒的时候，戈登句意：在接到妻子的电话说她摔倒的时候，戈登先生立刻从办公室冲回家。考查现在分词。非谓语动词修饰先生立刻从办公室冲回家。考查现在分词。非谓语动词修饰phone callphone call，动作在同一时间发生，表主动进行用现在分词的，动作在同一时间发生，表主动进行用现在分词的形式。形式。专题七专题七 真题典例真题典例8.20118.2011江苏卷江苏卷 Recently a Recently a survey_pricessurvey_prices of the of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens.heated debate among citizens.A Acompared Bcompared Bcomparing comparing C Ccompares Dcompares Dbeing comparedbeing compared【解析解析】B B 句意：最近一项关于对比相同的产品在两个不句意：最近一项关于对比相同的产品在两个不同超市的价格的调查引起了市民的热烈讨论。考查现在分词。同超市的价格的调查引起了市民的热烈讨论。考查现在分词。a a surveysurvey与与comparecompare之间的关系为主动关系，此处为现在分词作定之间的关系为主动关系，此处为现在分词作定语，可以转换成定语从句，语，可以转换成定语从句，Recently a survey which/that Recently a survey which/that compared prices of the same goods in two different compared prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens.supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens.专题七专题七 真题典例真题典例9.20119.2011安徽卷安徽卷 Tom asked the candy makers if they Tom asked the candy makers if they could make the chocolate easier _ into small could make the chocolate easier _ into small pieces.pieces.A Abreak break B Bbreaking breaking C Cbroken broken D Dto breakto break【解析解析】D D句意：汤姆问糖果生产商他们能否生产那种可以句意：汤姆问糖果生产商他们能否生产那种可以很容易就掰成小块的巧克力。考查动词不定式的用法。此处为很容易就掰成小块的巧克力。考查动词不定式的用法。此处为makemake宾语宾语adj.adj.to doto do结构。结构。专题七专题七 真题典例真题典例10.201110.2011浙江卷浙江卷 Even the best writers sometimes find Even the best writers sometimes find themselves _ for words.themselves _ for words.A Alose lose B Blost lost C Cto lose to lose D Dhaving losthaving lost【解析解析】B B句意：即使是最好的作家有时候也会发现自己句意：即使是最好的作家有时候也会发现自己找不到合适的话表达自己。考查用作宾语补足语的过去分词。找不到合适的话表达自己。考查用作宾语补足语的过去分词。findfind是表示心理变化的动词，其后的是表示心理变化的动词，其后的themselvesthemselves是宾语，空格是宾语，空格处应作为宾语补足语使用，所以要使用过去分词处应作为宾语补足语使用，所以要使用过去分词lostlost，表示，表示“迷惘的，不知所措的迷惘的，不知所措的”。新题预测新题预测专题七专题七 新题预测新题预测1.1.She canShe cant help_ the house because shet help_ the house because shes s busy making a cake.busy making a cake.A Ato clean Bto clean Bcleaning cleaning C Ccleaned Dcleaned Dbeing cleanedbeing cleaned【解析解析】A A受思维定势的干扰，此题很容易想起固定受思维定势的干扰，此题很容易想起固定搭配搭配cancant help doing(t help doing(情不自禁做某事情不自禁做某事)；但在此句中，；但在此句中，从后面的提示从后面的提示“因为她忙于做蛋糕因为她忙于做蛋糕”可以看出是可以看出是“无法帮无法帮忙忙”，因此此题应用，因此此题应用help to dohelp to do结构。结构。专题七专题七 新题预测新题预测2.2.New ideas sometimes have to wait for years New ideas sometimes have to wait for years before_.before_.A Abeing fully accepted being fully accepted B Bfully accepted fully accepted C Cfully accepting fully accepting D Dfully being acceptingfully being accepting【解析解析】A AB B项有较大干扰性。此处项有较大干扰性。此处beforebefore为介词，而为介词，而并非连词，因此要用动名词，并非连词，因此要用动名词，ideas ideas 与与acceptaccept有逻辑上被有逻辑上被动关系，因此用动名词被动形式。动关系，因此用动名词被动形式。专题七专题七 新题预测新题预测3.3.He claimed _ in the supermarket when he was He claimed _ in the supermarket when he was doing shopping yesterday.doing shopping yesterday.A Abeing badly treated being badly treated B Btreating badly treating badly C Cto be treated badly to be treated badly D Dto have been badly treatedto have been badly treated【解析解析】D D 由句中由句中claimedclaimed可知不定式发生的动作在可知不定式发生的动作在谓语动作之前，故应该用不定式的完成式。谓语动作之前，故应该用不定式的完成式。专题七专题七 新题预测新题预测4._4._the past,our life is much better.the past,our life is much better.A AComparing with Comparing with B BBe compared Be compared C CTo compare with To compare with D DCompared withCompared with【解析解析】D D过去分词短语作条件状语，相当于过去分词短语作条件状语，相当于If it If it is compared withis compared with，compare compare 与与our lifeour life之间为逻辑之间为逻辑上的被动关系。上的被动关系。专题七专题七 新题预测新题预测5.5.Everyone had an application form in his hand,but no Everyone had an application form in his hand,but no one knew which office_.one knew which office_.A Ato send it to Bto send it to Bto send it to send it C Cto be sent to Dto be sent to Dto have it sentto have it sent【解析解析】A A 不定式或不定式短语作定语，放在被修饰不定式或不定式短语作定语，放在被修饰的名词或代词后面，通常指将来的动作。的名词或代词后面，通常指将来的动作。send send sthsth.to.to sb.sb.为固定短语。为固定短语。专题七专题七 新题预测新题预测6.6._for several weeks,the city needed food._for several weeks,the city needed food.A AAs having flooded As having flooded B BBeing flooded Being flooded C CHaving been flooded DHaving been flooded DTo floodTo flood【解析解析】C Cthe citythe city与与floodflood之间为被动关系。之间为被动关系。floodflood的的动作发生在动作发生在needneed之前，之前，因此用现在分词被动语态的完成因此用现在分词被动语态的完成式，而不是过去分词。式，而不是过去分词。专题七专题七 新题预测新题预测7.7.Li Ming was made _ the blackboard for a week Li Ming was made _ the blackboard for a week as a punishment.as a punishment.A Ato clean Bto clean Bcleaningcleaning C Cclean Dclean Dto be cleaning to be cleaning【解析解析】A A 答好该题的关键在于掌握使役动词答好该题的关键在于掌握使役动词makemake的的用法。使役动词用法。使役动词make,let,havemake,let,have和感官动词和感官动词hear,see,hear,see,feelfeel等后面接由等后面接由“代词代词/名词不定式名词不定式”构成的复合宾语构成的复合宾语时不带时不带toto，若把这种句子改成被动语态，则不定式的，若把这种句子改成被动语态，则不定式的toto不不能省略。能省略。专题七专题七 新题预测新题预测8.8.I went to see him,_ him out.I went to see him,_ him out.A Afinding Bfinding Bfind find C Conly to find Donly to find Dto findingto finding【解析解析】C C A A项有较大干扰性。现在分词和不定式都可项有较大干扰性。现在分词和不定式都可以作结果状语，以作结果状语，现在分词表示自然的结果，不定式表示现在分词表示自然的结果，不定式表示出乎意料的结果。出乎意料的结果。专题七专题七 新题预测新题预测9.9.While shopping,people sometimes canWhile shopping,people sometimes cant help t help _ into buying something they don_ into buying something they dont really t really need.need.A Ato persuade Bto persuade Bpersuading persuading C Cbeing persuaded Dbeing persuaded Dbe persuadedbe persuaded【解析解析】C C 动名词的被动语态由动名词的被动语态由“beingbeing过去分词过去分词”构成。构成。cancant help doing t help doing sthsth.意为意为“禁不住做某事禁不住做某事”，persuadepersuade与与peoplepeople之间是被动关系，因此应用被动语态。之间是被动关系，因此应用被动语态。专题七专题七 新题预测新题预测10.10.He was so foolish _ his car unlocked.He was so foolish _ his car unlocked.A Ato leave Bto leave Bthat leave that leave C Cas to leave Das to leave Dfor him to leavefor him to leave【解析解析】C C不定式作结果状语。不定式作结果状语。sosoas to as to 意思是意思是“如如此此以至于以至于”，B B有较大干扰性，有较大干扰性，sosothatthat引导结引导结果状语从句，然而本句中果状语从句，然而本句中 that that 后无主语。后无主语。