2019年广东省广州市中考英语试卷及答案解析.pdf

第1页（共 34页）2019 年广东省广州市中考英语试卷一、语法选择（共1 小题；每小题15 分，共 15 分）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从所给的A、B、C 和 D 项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑1（15 分）The first astronautsSince the earliest times，people have looked up at the stars，the moon and the planets Today people use modern machines（1）at the sky This is very different from the situation（2）years ago when people could only use their eyesPerhaps they dreamed of（3）the universeWhen did humans first go into space？The story began not so very long ago，（4）the first astronauts were not peoplethey were animalsScientists wanted to make travelling to space as（5）as possible for humansSo they decided to experiment with animals and test（6）in spaceflights Insects，mice，frogs，dogs and monkeys were some of the animals（7）first went into space Many of them（8），but they helped to make space travel safer for humans For their great service，we（9）forget these animalsAlbert was the first monkey to go into space in 1949 Sadly he died（10）his spaceship landed back on Earth（11）the result was different for Ham the Monkey His story ended happily when he return to earth（12）very good health Scientists wanted to know the answer to the important question：could（13）animal like Ham do the same things in space as he could do on Earth？The answer came when Ham（14）into space in 1961 Yes，he did everything well and lived for（15）16 years（1）A lookB to lookC lookingD looked（2）A thousandB thousandsC thousand ofD thousands of（3）A exploreB to exploreC exploredD exploring第2页（共 34页）（4）A asB orC butD so（5）A safeB saferC safestD the safest（6）A theyBthemC theirD theirs（7）A whomB whatC thatD whose（8）A dieB diedC have diedD will die（9）A shouldntB may notC dont have toD neednt（10）AifBbecauseC afterD since（11）A LuckB LuckyC LuckierD Luckily（12）A atB onC inDfor（13）A aB anC theD/（14）A sendB sentC is sentD was sent（15）A anotherBotherC othersD the others二、完形填空（共1 小题；每小题15 分，共 15 分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C 和 D 项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑2（15 分）John suddenly jumped off the swing without even slowing down He called out nervously，Mom，wheres Charlie？He had just（1）he hadnt seen his new puppy for over an hour John looked around the garden，behind the bushes，and under the picnic table No dog!His mother heard（2）in his voice as he called her a second time Mom，I cant find Charlie!She came outside（3）Lets look around the garden first Dont worry Im sure hes close byBoth son and mother were（4）now，but still no Charlie Their calls were not completely wasted，though Joe，the nextdoor neighbor，and his two daughters Tania and Julie，immediately agreed to help them（5）the lost dogBut even with five people now searching the towns streets，they had no luck Charlie was still（6）Tania suggested they make posters with Charlies（7）She had done this when 第3页（共 34页）her own cat was lost a year earlier，she told John，and the cat was found the next dayJohn agreed When they got home，he made a poster with a photo of Charlie，Then John heard a（8）and opened his bedroom door It was Charlie John was greeted with a big wet kissCharlie had been（9）in the bedroom this whole time，sleeping John had never been so（10）in his life!（1）A decidedBforgottenCunderstoodD realized（2）A angerBhopeC fearD warning（3）A activelyBquicklyCcarelesslyD annoyingly（4）A shoutingB talkingCfightingD thinking（5）A give upB look forC run afterD take care of（6）A missingB asleepC takeD quiet（7）A addressB characterC nameD picture（8）A messB noiseC voiceDsong（9）A shutB wokeC tiedDsaved（10）A afraidB sillyChappyD proud三、阅读（共两节，满分40 分）第一节阅读理解（共4 小题；每小题10 分，共40 分）阅读下列短文，从2645 各题所给的A、B、C 和 D 项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑3（10 分）An elephant and a crocodile were once standing beside river They were disputing which was the better animal Look at my strength，said the elephant I can pull up a tree，roots and all，with my trunkAh!But your skin is not nearly so thick as mine，replied the crocodile No knife or tooth can cut through it Just as they were coming to blows，a lion happened to pass My dear friends!said the King of all animals，going up to them Let me know the cause of your disagreement 第4页（共 34页）Will you kindly tell us which is the better animal？cried both at onceCertainly，said the lion，pointing across the river Do you see the soldiers metal hat on that wall？Yes!replied the beastsWell，then，continued the lion，go and get it，and bring it to me，and I shall be able then to decide between youUpon hearing this，off they startedThe crocodile，being used to the water，reached the opposite side of the river first，and was soon standing beside the wallHere he waited till the elephant came up The elephant，seeing that the crocodile had no way of reaching their goal，raised his long trunk，and took down the hat quite easily They then made their way together back again across the river The elephant was trying to keep up with the fast moving crocodile in the water and became careless When he was forced to turn sharply to avoid a floating tree branch，the elephant dropped the hat and it fell to the river bottom The crocodile noticed the accident，so down he dived，and brought it up in his huge mouth They then returned，and the crocodile laid the metal hat at the lions feet The King took it up，and turning to the elephant，said：You，because of your size and trunk，were able to reach the hat on the wall but，having lost it，you were unable to get it back And you，said the lion to the crocodile，although unable to reach the hat，were able to dive for it and save it You are both wise and able in your own ways One is no better than the other（1）The underlined worddisputingin Paragraph 1 meansA playingB quarrellingC complainingD deciding（2）What did the crocodile think was best about himself？A His big mouthB His strong skinC His swimming skill第5页（共 34页）D His dangerous teeth（3）How did the lion deal with the animals disagreement？A He ordered them to fight B He made a quick decision C He suggested a competitionD He asked them to describe themselves（4）What caused the elephant to drop the hat？A The hat got wet in the river B He hit a floating tree C He was trying to swim too fastD He wanted to fight the crocodile（5）How were the elephant and the crocodile able to complete their task？A By working togetherB planning carefullyC By sharing their ideasD By listening to the lion4（10 分）They say thattravel is the best teacherand there is no better example of this idea than the Ming dynasty travel writer and geographer Xu Xiake（15871641）His book The Travel Notes of Xu Xiake，not only encouraged a love of travelling among Chinese people but provided important scientific information about the countrys land and geographyBorn into a wealthy Jiangyin family，Xu became interested in books about different places at an early age and wanted to travel When he was 18，however，Xus father died and so，it seemed，did his travelling dreams He now was responsible for the family farm and taking care of his 60 yearold mother as tradition required But his mother had different ideas Understanding her sons love of travel and valuing the knowledge he could get from such experiences，this modernthinking woman refused to keep her son at home She agreed that Xu could travel for three months every year，when 第6页（共 34页）there was less farm workSo at the age of twenty and with his mothers support，Xu set off for the first time，leaving behind not only his mother but his new wife as well He would repeat this goodbye each year for most of the next 30 years During this time，he travelled throughout the Ming kingdom，carefully studying the lands he passed through and recording his experiences and many discoveries in a diary This diary，which once had over 500，000 words，would eventually become The Travel Notes of Xu Xiake Although rich，Xu avoided comfortable travel，preferring to go almost everywhere on foot This way he could research the environment in detail and get a true picture of the natural world Many of his trips were to hard toreach mountain areas，and through wild forests where few people lived His willingness to face hardships came at a cost however Progress was slow and tiring and he was frequently sick，robbed and beaten during his journeysSadly Xu became seriously ill during his last and longest journey，a 4year trip through the Southwest of China He died in 1641，soon after returning to his hometown for the last time When his diary was finally printed years after his death，much of it had been destroyed or lost Although incomplete，it still made Xu a travelling legend around the world（1）What is the passage mainly about？A The general details of Xu Xiakes life storyB The difficulties Xu Xiake faced in his travelsCThe important discoveries made by Xu XiakeD The influence of Xus book The Travel Notes of Xu Xiake（2）Which of the following best describes Xus mother？A Strict but interestingB Kind but uneducatedCHelpful and hardworkingD Supportive and openminded（3）Why did Xu prefer walking during his travels？A It gave him the chance to meet different kinds of peopleB It helped him to save money and travel for a longer time第7页（共 34页）C It allowed him to see and study the environment in detailD It was the only way to reach the places he was interested in（4）What is true about Xus book The Travel Notes of Xu xiake？A It was only made public after Xu diedB It made Xu very famous during his lifetimeC It was the first travel book ever written in ChinaD It was mainly about the different people of China（5）What is the correct order for the following events from Xus lite？a He went on his first journey b His book was finally printedc He returned to his hometown for the last timed He developed an interest in books about other placese He started managing the family farm after his father diedA aedcbB deacbC deabcD edabc5（10 分）6www youthnewshttps：www youthnews/yourviewYOUTHNEWS News School Life Your View SportShould Museum Entry Be FreeWith International Museum Day coming up，today we are asking readers：Should museums be free or should people have to pay for a ticket？Let us know your view CommentsMuseums are not only there for enjoyment；they are education This is why they must be 第8页（共 34页）free While museums need a huge amount of money to operate，let the wealthy pay for it The idea of a person or child interested in art not being able to view it because of cost is wrongKrista Chen（US）Age 15Free entry does not attract people or encourage them to appreciate art Generally people respect things that are difficult or costly to get Museums should require regular visitors to pay a fee，but provide free tickets as prizes for high achieving students who can appreciate them moreFred Smith（New Zealand）Age 14Museums teach people about their past This is part of our shared culture that should be available to everyone，rich or poor People should never be asked to pay an entrance feeRob Sanchez（Australia）Age 17There are no simple answersLow ticket prices could help museums stay openBut companies and businessmen should also provide museums with more money and other support They have a social responsibility too Amber White（UK）Age 16I think museums and art galleries should all be free to the public I do，however，think twice a year the museums should organize moneyraising events to help pay for the cost of staying openLi Mishao（China）Age 15（1）How many readers support the idea of free museums？A2B 3C4D5第9页（共 34页）（2）Who suggests museums should regularly hold special events to collect money？A Krista Chen B Fred SmithC Rob SanchezD Li Mishao（3）Why does Fred Smith believe that free tickets should be given to highachieving students？A Students will then study harder B Museums will attract more visitorsC Museums can make themselves more famousD These students can better appreciate museums（4）Which of the following does Amber White agree with？A Businesses should offer museums more helpB People should only pay what they can affordCFree entry doesnt encourage visitors to museumsD Everybody should have a chance to visit museums（5）What can we know about the website？A Its quite a new websiteB It was started in AustraliaC Its generally for young readersD It mainly discusses scientific topics6（10 分）While the start of a new school year is always exciting，this year was even more so for some students at White Cloud Primary School They became the worlds first kids to be taught by an electronic teacher This electronic teacher is not a human like robot walking around the classroom Instead，he is a computercreated head that appears，when needed，on students computer or phone screens His name is Bill Created by technology company Smart Machines，Bill is able to show humanlike behavior He is designed to teach a special program about environmental friendly power created by the sun and wind This program，started in 2005，used to be taught by human teachers第10页（共 34页）Just like human teachers，Bill is able to immediately respond to the students questions and opinions about the topic Thanks to computer cameras，he is also able to see and react to students physical actions For example，if a student smiles at Bill，he responds by smiling back This twoway exchange helps get the students attention More importantly，it allows the program developers to improve Bills behavior and knowledge base when neededThe program has been a great success，according to Smart Machines spokesman Robert Frost Frost says，What is interesting to me is the childrens reaction to Bill He really captures their attention Frost thinks kids dont find the experience of being taught by smart machines as strange as older people because they have grown up in a time of computers and smart phonesIt is doubtful，however，that human educators will lose their jobs to Bill any time soon For one，his talking heads knowledge base is not large More importantly，even the smartest computer programs cant guess and react to all the unexpected situations that educators face daily Bills future might be as apersonal tutor，providing kids with oneonone help for different subjects and topics（1）What is Bill？A A human like robotB A kind of computer gameC A computer recording toolD，A computer created talking head（2）How does the two way exchange help the program developers？A It lets them correct studentsmistakesB It allows Bill to respond more quicklyC It helps them know how to improve BillD It helps them study students body language（3）The underlined word theyin Paragraph 4 refers toA kidsB older peopleC smart machines第11页（共 34页）D program developers（4）What is Bill NOT good at doing？A Attracting students attentionBUnderstanding body languageC Responding to students questionsD Dealing with unexpected situations（5）How might Bill be used in the future according to the last paragraph？A To work as human classroom teachersB To encourage students interest in computersC To give students personal help with different subjectsDTo watch over the behavior of the students in the classroom第二节阅读填空（共1 小题；每小题5分，满分5 分）阅读短文及文后AE 选项，选出可以填入各题空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑.7（5 分）Smoke alarms（报警器）House fires cause many deaths each year and a large number of these fires are unfortunately set by children （1）Kids must understand that theyd bette