部编人教版八年级上册英语期末复习知识点汇总【最新整理】.pdf

复习资料、知识分享部编人教版八年 级上册英 语期末复 习知识点汇总Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?重点短 语：（1）go on vacation 去度假（2）stay at home 呆在家（3）go to the mountains 去爬山（4）go to the beach 去沙 滩（5）visit museums 参观博物馆（6）go to summer camp 夏令营（7）quite a few 相当多，不少（8）study for 为而学 习（9）go out 出去（10）most of the time 大多数 时间（11）taste good 尝起来不 错（12）have a good time 过得愉快（13）feel like 感受到（14）go shopping 去买东西（15）in the past 在过去（16）walk around .四处走走（17）too many 太多（18）because of+短语 因为（19）one bowl of 一碗。（20）find out 查明，弄清（21）take photos 照相（22）something important 重要的事情（23）up and down 上上下下（24）come up 上来,出现（25）of course 当然（26）come down 下来重点 语法：（1）Where did you go on vacation?I went to New York City.（2）Did you go out with anyone?No,No one was here.Everyone was on vacation.（3）Did you buy anything special?Yes,I bought something for my father.（4）How was the food?Everything tasted really good.（5）Did everyone have a good time?Oh，yes.Everything was excellent.习惯 用法：（1）buy sth for sb./buy sb.sth 为某人 买某物（2）taste+adj.尝起来（3）nothing.but+V.(原形)除了 之外什么都没有（4）seem+(to be)+adj 看起来（5）arrive in+大地方arrive at+小地方 到达某地（6）decide to do sth.决定做某事（7）try doing sth.尝试做某事（8）try to do sth.尽力做某事-精选范文、公文、论文、和其他 应用文档，如需本文，请下载-2 复习资料、知识分享（9）try ones best to do sth 尽力做某事（10）enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事（11）want to do sth.想去做某事（12）start doing sth.开始做某事（13）stop doing sth.停止做某事 stop to do sth 停下来做某事（14）look+adj 看起来（15）dislike doing sth.不喜欢做某事（16）Why not do sth.为什么不做.呢？（17）so+adj+that+从句如此 以至于（18）tell sb.(not)to do sth.告诉某人（不要）做某事（19）keep doing sth.继续做某事（20）forget to do sth.忘记去做某事（未做）forget doing sth 忘记做过某事（已做）词语 辨析：1.anywhere 与 somewhere 两者都是不定副 词。anywhere 在任何地方(否定句和疑 问句)I can t find it anywhere.somewhere 在某处，到某 处，常用于肯定句。I lost my key somewhere near here.2 seem+形容词 看起来 .You seem happy today.seem+to do sth.似乎、好像做某事 I seems/seemed+that 来好像；似乎 .seemlike.好像，似乎.It seems like a god idea.3.decide to do sth.决定做某事 They decide to visit the museum.decide+疑问词 +动词不定式He can not decide when to leave.4.start doing sth=start to do sth.开始 He started doing his homework.5.ove r 多于，超 过，在以上（表示数目、程度）=more than My father is over 40 years old.6.too many 太多，后接可数名词复数：Mother bought too many eggs yesterday.too much 太多，修 饰不可数名 词We have too much work to do.Don t talk too much.7.because of 因为，由于，接名 词、代词或动名词 He can t take a walk because of the rain.because 连词，因 为，引导状语从句I don t buy it because it was too expensive.8.too,to 太.以至于不能 .Mother is too tired to go to school.9.have fun doing sth 享受做某事的 乐趣 Unit 2 How often do you exercise?短语：（1）help sb with sth 帮助某人做某事（2）go shopping 去买东 西（3）on weekends 在周末（4）how often 多少次（5）hardly ever 几乎从不（6）once a week 一星期一次（7）twice a month 一个月两次复习资料、知识分享（8）go to the movies 去看 电影（9）every day 每天（10）use the Internet 上网（11）be free be not busy-精选范文、公文、论文、和其他 应用文档，如需本文，请下载-3=have time 有空（12）have dance lessons 舞蹈 课（13）swing dance 摇摆舞（14）play tennis 打网球（15）stay up late 熬夜到很晚（16）go to sleep 睡觉（17）go to bed 上床睡 觉（18）at least 至少，不少于（19）go to bed early 上床睡 觉早（20）play sports 做运动（21）be good for 对.有好 处（22）be good at doing sth 擅长做某事（23）go camping 去野 营（24）in one s free time在某人的 业余时间（25）the most popular 最受 欢迎（26）such as 例如.像.这样（27）go to the dentist 看牙科医生（28）more than 多于（29）old habits die hard 旧习难改（30）less than 少于（31）junk food 垃圾食品（32）take care of sb 照料某人（33）look after sb 照顾某人（34）have to do sth 必须做某事（35）get in 进入（36）be late for 迟到语法要点：（1）What do you usually do on weekends?I always exercise.（2）What do they do on weekends?They often help my mother with housework.（3）What does she do on weekends?She sometimes goes shopping.（4）How often do you go to the movies?I go to the movies maybe once a month.（5）How often does he watch TV?He hardly ever watches TV.（6）Do you go shopping?No,I never go shopping.习惯用法：1.help sb.with sth have sb do sth 帮助某人做某事2.How about doing?.怎么 样？/.好不好？3.want sb.to do sth.想让某人做某事4.How many+可数名 词复数+一般疑 问句复习资料、知识分享5.主语+find+that 从句发现6.It s+adj.+to do sth.做某事是.的7.spend time with sb.和某人一起度 过时光8.ask sb.about sth.向某人 询问某事9.by doing sth.通过做某事10.What s your favorite .?你最喜 欢的是什么？11 start doing sth.开始做某事12.the best way to do sth.做某事的最好方式 13.full of 满的14.what about doing sth？做某事怎么 样？15.not .at all 一点儿也不I dont like it at all.我一点儿也不喜 欢它。词语 辨析：1.free 空闲的，有空的，反义词为 busy.be free 有空，闲着，相当于 have time.I ll be free next week.=I ll have time next week.-精选范文、公文、论文、和其他 应用文档，如需本文，请下载-4 2.How come？怎么会？怎么回事？How come Tom didn t come to the party?=Why didn t Tom come to the party?3.stay up late 指“熬夜到很晚，迟睡”。Don t stay up late next time.stay up 指“熬夜，不睡 觉”。He stayed up all night to write his story.4.go to bed 上床睡 觉I went to bed at eleven last night.go to sleep 强调“入睡，睡着，进入梦 乡”。She was so tired that she went to sleep soon.5.find+宾语+名词,发现：We have found him(to be)a good boy.find+宾语+形容 词，发现：He found the room dirty.find+宾语+现在分 词，发现：I found her standing at the door.6.percent 百分数，基数词+percent：percent 没有复数形式，作主语时，根据所修 饰的名词来判断 谓语的单复数。Forty percent of the students in our class are girls.Thirty percent of time passed.7.more than 超过，多于，不 仅仅，相当于 over.反义词组为：less than.I lived in Shanghai for more than/over ten years.8.afraid adj.担心的，害怕的（作表语，不作定 语）复习资料、知识分享I m afraid we can t come here on time.be afraid of sb/sth 害怕某人 /某事 be afraid of doing sth.害怕做某事 Some children are afraid of the dark.Don t be afraid of asking question.I m afraid+从句，恐怕，担心：I m afraid I have to go now.9.sometimes,sometime,some times,some time 区别：sometimes 频度副 词，有时。Sometimes I get up very early.sometime 副词，某个 时候。I will go to Shanghai sometime next week.some times 名词词组，几次，几倍。其中time 是可数名词，对它提问用 how many times.How many times have you read the story?I have read the story some times.some time 名词短语，一段 时间.表示“一段 时间”时I ll stay here for some time.10.how often 多久一次，用来提问动 作发生的 频率。回答用：once，twice,three times 等词语。How often do you play sports?Three times a week.how long 多长，多长时间How long does it take to get to Shanghai from here?How long is the ruler?how far 多远，用来 询问距离，指路程的远近。How far is it from here to the park?It s about 2 kilometers.Unit 3 I m more outgoing than my sister重点短 语：（1）more outgoing 更外向 15）as as 与 一样（2）the singing competition 唱歌比 赛（16）be similar to 与 相像的/类似的（3）the same as 和 相同；与 一致（17）be different from 与 不同-精选范文、公文、论文、和其他 应用文档，如需本文，请下载-5（4）care about 关心；介意（18）be like a mirror 像一面 镜子（5）the most important 最重要的（19）as long as 只要；既然（6）bring out 使显现；使表 现出（20）get better grades 取得更好的成 绩（7）reach for 伸手取（21）in fact 事实上；实际上（8）make friends 交朋友（22）the other 其他的（9）touch one s heart 感动某人（23）be talented in music 有音乐天赋（10）be good at 擅长 （24）be good with 善于与 相处（11）have fun doing sth.享受做某事的 乐趣（25）be good at doing sth 擅长做某事（12）make sb.do sth.让某人做某事（26）want to do sth.想要做某事（13）as+adj./adv.的原 级+as 与 一样 （14）It s+adj.+for sb.to do sth.语法知识：复习资料、知识分享（1）Is Tom smarter than Sam?No,he isn t.Sam is smarter than Tom.（2）Is Tara more outgoing than Tina?No,she isn t.Tina is more outgoing than Tara.（3）Are you as friendly as your sister?No,I m not.I m friendlier.（4）Does Tara work as hard as Tina?Yes,she does.（5）Who s more hardworking at school?Tina thinks she works harder than me.词语辨析：（1）laugh v.&n.笑He laughs best who laughs last.谁笑在最后，谁笑得最好。/不要高 兴得太早。laugh at 嘲笑 Don t laugh at him.别嘲笑他。名词：笑；笑声We had a good laugh at his joke.（2）though conj.虽然；纵然；即使；尽管 =although Though it was raining，he went there.虽然当 时正下着雨，他 还是到那里去了。注意：在 though 引导的从句后不使用but。如：though adv.不过，然而(常用于句末，用逗号隔开)Jim said that he would come,he didn t,though.Unit 4 What s the best movie theater 重点句型：1.It has the biggest screens.2.The DJs choose songs the most carefully.3.How do you like it so far?到目前 为止，你 认为它怎么 样？4.Thanks forget telling me.5.Can I ask you some questions?重点短 语：（1）movie theater 电影院（2）be close to 离 近-精选范文、公文、论文、和其他 应用文档，如需本文，请下载-6（3）clothes store 服装店（4）in town 在镇上（5）so far 到目前 为止（6）10 minutes by bus 坐公共汽 车 10 分钟路程（7）talent show 才艺表演（8）have.in common有相同特征（想法、兴趣方面）相同（9）around the world 世界各地；全世界（10）more and more 越来越 （11）and so on 等等（12）all kinds of 各种各 样的（13）be up to 由 决定（14）not everybody 并不是每个人（15）make up 编造（故事、谎言等）（16）play a role in 在 方面 发挥作用/有影复习资料、知识分享响（17）play a role in doing sth.发挥做某事的作（18）no problem 没什么，别客气（19）for example 例如（20）take seriously 认真对待（21）give sb.sth.给某人某物（22）come true（梦想、希望）实现；达到（23）Thanks for doing sth.因做某事而感 谢。（24）much+adj./adv.的比较级 得多（25）watch sb.do sth.观看某人做某事（26）one of+可数名 词的复数 之一（27）Can I ask you some?我能问你一些 吗？（28）How do you like?（29）What do you think of?你认为怎么样?（30）how much.?多少 钱？（31）How far?多远？（32）How many?多少？（33）How long.?多长？Unite 5 Do you want to a game show?重要短 语：（1）find out 查明，弄清（2）be ready to do 准备好做某事（3）dress up 装扮，乔装打扮（4）take sbs place 代替，替 换（5）do a good job 干得好（6）think of+名词或动词短语 认为.（7）game shows 游戏节 目（8）learn from 向 学习从.获得（9）talk shows 脱口秀（10）soap opera 肥皂 剧（11）go on 发生（12）watch a movie 观看一 场电影（13）one of the main reasons 最主要的原因之一（14）watch a sitcom 观看一部情景喜 剧（15）action movies 动作电影（16）come out 出版，发行（17）try one s best 尽力，竭尽全力（18）a pair of 一双，一 对（19）as famous as 一样著名（20）look like 看起来像（21）around the world 世界各地（22）have a discussion about 就.讨论（23）one day 有一天（24）such as 比如-精选范文、公文、论文、和其他 应用文档，如需本文，请下载-7（25）a symbol of.的象征（26）something enjoyable 令人愉快的 东西（27）interesting information 有趣的 资料（28）happen to do sth.碰巧做某事（29）expect to do sth.盼望做某事（30）TV shows 电视节 目重要句型：（1）What do you think of talk shows?I don t mind them.（2）I hope to be a TV reporter one day.How about you?固定搭配复习资料、知识分享（1）let sb do sth.让某人做某事（2）plan to do sth.计划做某事（3）hope to do sth.希望做某事（4）mind doing sth 介意做某事（5）expect to do sth.期待做某事（6）How（what）about doing 做某事怎么 样？（7）be always ready to do sth.总是准备做某事（8）try one s best to do sth.尽力做某事（9）become+adj 变得.（10）not so.as 不像那样.；不如.这么 （11）thank you for doing sth 谢谢你做某事Thank you for sth 谢谢你的（12）love doing sth 喜爱做某事语词 辨析：1.the other,the others,other,others,another the other 表示特指两个中的另一个常用 one the other。例：He has two apples,one is red,the other is green.the others 特指两部分中的另一部分，是the other 的复数形式，相当于the other+复数名 词。the other+复数名 词=any other+名词单数。例：You two stay here,the others go with me.other 形容词，可修 饰可数名 词单 数或复数。We learn Chinese,Maths,and other subjects.others 作代 词，泛指“其他的人或物”。例：Some students are doing homework,others are talking loudly.another 三个及以上或不确定个数的“另一个”，只能代替或修 饰单数可数名 词。例：I don t like this one.Please show me another one.2.find out 查明，弄清楚 find 找到Please find out when Mrs Green will go to Beijing.I need to find my purse immediately.3.go on 发生，与 take place 同义 I wonder what was going on.4.happen v.偶然发生(主语为 事，不能 为人)sth+happens to sb.sth+happens+地点/时间：某地/某时发 生了某事sb+happens to do sth.I happened to see my uncle on the street.*take place 意为“发生，举行，举办”，一般指非偶然性事件的“发生”，即这种事件的 发生一定有某种原因或事先的安排。例：Great changes have taken place in China.The meeting will take place next Friday.5.expect v.期待，盼望，预期，后常接四种 结构：1)expect+名词/代词，期待某事/某人-精选范文、公文、论文、和其他 应用文档，如需本文，请下载-8 I m expecting Li Lin s letter.2)expect to do sth.预计做某事 Lily expects to come back next week.3)expect sb.to do sth.I expect my mother to come back early.4)expect+从句 预计复习资料、知识分享I expected that I ll come back next Monday.6.serious a.严肃 的，认真的。He is a serious man.be serious about sb/sth.对某人/某事当真 be serious about doing sth.对某事当真Unit 6 I m going to study computer science重点短 语：1.grow up 成长；长大2.every day 每天3.be sure about 对 有把握4.make sure 确信；务必5.want to do sth.想要做某事6.send to 把 送到 7.be able to 能8.the meaning of 的意思 9.different kinds of 不同种 类的 10.agree to do sth.同意做某事 11.write down 写下；记下12.have to do with 关于；与 有关系 13.take up 开始做；学着做 14.hardly ever 几乎不；很少 15.help sb.to do sth.帮助某人做某事16.too to 太 而不能 17.love to do sth.喜爱做某事 18.be going to+动词原形 打算做某事 19.practice doing 练习做某事 20.keep on doing sth.不断地做某事 21.promise to do sth.许诺去做某事 22.learn to do sth.学会做某事 23.finish doing sth.做完某事 24.remember to do sth.记住做某事重点 语法1.be going to 的用法1）be going to+动词原形 表示将来的打算、计划或安排。常与表示将来的tomorrow,next year 等时间状语连 用，be 随主 语有 am,is,are 的变换肯定句：主语+be going to+V 原形+其他。否定句：主语+be not going to+V 原形+其他.一般疑问句 Be+主语+going to+V 原形+其他 肯定回答：Yes,主语+be.否定回答：No,主语+be not.特殊疑 问句：疑 问词+be+主语+going to+V 原形+其他？2)如果表示 计划去某地，可直接用 be going to+地点We are going to Beijing for a holiday.3)表示位置移 动的动词，如 go,come,leave 等常用 进行时表示将来。My aunt is leaving for Beijing next week.4)be going to 与 will 的区 别：对未来事情的 预测 用“will+动词原形”表达。复习资料、知识分享-精选范文、公文、论文、和其他 应用文档，如需本文，请下载-9 Will planes be large in the future?Yes,they will./No,they won t.will 常表示 说话人相信或希望要 发生的事情;be going to 指某事肯定 发生，常表示事情很快将发生。I believe Lucy will be a great doctor.陈述将来的某个事 实用 will.I will be ten years old next year.表示意愿用 will.I ll tell you the truth.表示计划、打算要做的事情用 be going to,不用 will.There is going to be a meeting tomorrow morning.2.promise vt.保证，许诺。有三种 结构：1)promise to do sth.My mother promised to buy a piano for me.2)promise sb.sth.My aunt promised me a bike.3)promise+that 从句 Tom promises that he can return on time.4)promise n.允诺，诺言Lily is a dishonest girl.She never keeps a promise.3.practice vt.练习，接名 词，代词或 v-ing 作宾语。Your elder sister is practicing the guitar in the room.常跟 v-ing 作宾语 的动词有：考虑建议盼原 谅：consider,suggest/advise,look forward to,excuse,pardon.承认推迟没得想：admit,delay/put off,fancy.避免 错过继续练：avoid,miss,keep/keep on,practice.否认完成能欣 赏：deny,finish,enjoy,appreciate.不禁介意与逃亡：can t help,mind,escape.不准冒险凭想象：forbid,risk,imagine.4.everyday 与 every day 区别everyday adj.日常的 作定语，位于名 词前。This is our everyday homework.every day 副词短语，作状 语，位于句首或句末。He reads books every day.Unit 7 Will people have robots?重点短 语：1.on computer 在电脑上2.on paper 在纸上3.live to do 200 years old 活到 200 岁4.It s+adj.+for sb.to do sth.对某人来 说做.很.5.free time 空闲时间6.in danger 处于危险之中7.on the earth 在地球上复习资料、知识分享8.play a part in sth.参与某事9.space station 太空站10.look for 寻找puter programmer 电脑编 程员 12.in the future 在未来 13.hundreds of 许多；成百上千14.the same as 与 一样 15.over and over again 多次；反复地 16.help sb.with sth.帮助某人做某事 17.get bored 感到厌烦 的 18.wake up 醒来 19.fall down 倒塌-精选范文、公文、论文、和其他 应用文档，如需本文，请下载-10 20.will+动词原形 将要做 21.fewer/more+可数名 词复数 更少/更多22.less/more+不可数名 词 更少/更多 23.have to do sth.不得不做某事 24.agree with sb.同意某人的意 见 25.such+名词（词组）如此 26.play a part in doing sth.参与做某事 27.try to do sth.尽力做某事 28.There will be+主语+其他 29.make sb.do sth.30.There is/are+sb./sth.+doing sth.有 正在做某事重点 语法：1)What will the future be like?Cities will be more polluted.And there will be fewer trees.2)Will people use money in 100 years?No,they won t.Everything will be free.3)Will there be world peace?Yes,I hope so.4)Kids will stuffy at home on computers.They won t go to school.5)There will be more people.There will be more pollution.6)There will be fewer trees.There will be less free time.词语 辨析：1.every 与 each 的区别：every（三个及以上）每个强调整体 each（两个中的）每个强调个体 Every teacher knows her.Each of the road has a dictionary.2.on the earth 在地球上（位于句首或句末）on earth 究竟，到底（用于疑 问句或副 词后）All the living things on the earth depend on the sun.What on earth do you mean?3.human,指包括男人女人孩子的“人，人 类”person,无性 别之分,可数名 词 people,泛指“人们”，表示复数概念。man,前不 带冠词而且 单独使用 时，指“男人”，a man 可指“一个人/一个男人”，复数形式 为 men.He was the only human on the island.There are only three persons in the room.复习资料、知识分享There are many people there.Man is stronger than woman.4.seem 连系动词，好像，似乎，看来。1)seem+名词 看起来。He seems a nice man.2)seem like 好像，似乎。It seemed like a good idea.3)seem to do sth.似乎/看起来/好像做某事。4)It seems/seemed that 看起来好像 ,似乎.5)seem to be+形容 词/名词=seem+形容 词/名词。She seems to be happy.=She seems happy.5.probably adv.用于句中，可能性最大maybe=perhaps.也许，大概，可能(用于句首)Maybe/Perhaps you are right.6.during/for/in 介词，在 期间。-精选范文