07中考英语语法专题复习：副词的用法(知识讲解、巩固练习).pdf

中考英语专题复习：副词的用法【用法讲解】考试要求：副词的中考要求是：副词的分类和基本用法，副词的比较级和最高级；某些特殊变化的副词的比较级和最高级（wellbetterbest等）；副词的同级比较（as/so.as.的用法）及副词在句中的位置。知识总结：1.副词的分类1）时间副词：ago,already,before,ever,early,late,just,now,once,soon,still,then等2）地点、方位副词：straight,upstairs,downstairs,above,along,around,outside,inside,behind，here，there等3）方式副词：safely,quietly,quickly,politely,loudly,luckily,happily,easily,carefully,slowly,suddenly等4）程度副词：very,only,quite,almost,even,a little,enough,rather,a lot,badly,nearly,further,widely 等5）频度副词：never,sometimes,usually,often,always 等6）疑问副词：when，where，why，how，how long，how soon，how often，how far 等7）关系副词：whom，where，why 等2.副词的用法1）修饰动词作状语He walked quietly into his bedroom.他安静地走进他的卧室。2）修饰形容词作状语You have a very nice watch.你有一块非常好看的手表。3）作表语，位于系动词后How long will she be away?她要离开多久？4）作定语The people there love peace.那儿的人们热爱和平。3.副词的位置1)多数副词都可以放在动词的后面,如果动词带有宾语,副词就放在宾语后面。I get up early in the morning everyday.我每天早早起床。I have seen this film twice with my friends.这部电影我和朋友看过两次。2)副词修饰形容词、副词时,副词在前面,而被修饰的词在后面。Its rather easy,I can do it.这很容易,我能做到。He did it quite well.他做得相当好。3)频度副词可放在实义动词的前面,情态动词和助动词的后面。I often help him these days.这些日子我经常帮助他。You mustnt always help me.你不必一直帮助我。4)疑问副词以及修饰整个句子的副词,通常放在句子的前面。When do you study every day?你每天什么时间学习?First,let me ask you some questions.先让我来问几个问题。5)时间副词和地点副词在一个句中,地点副词在前面时间副词在后面。We went shopping in the supermarket at 9 oclock yesterday.昨天九点钟我们到超市买东西了.What were you doing in the classroom yesterday afternoon?昨天下午你在教室里干什么？6)否定副词在句首，句子要倒装。Never have I felt so excited!4.副词的比较级及最高级的变化规则规则变化：1)单音节词直接在其后面加-er/-est。例如：hardharderhardest 2)以字母 e结尾的单音节词在其后面直接加-r/-st。例如：widewiderwidest 3)以辅音字母 y 结尾的双音节词，先把y 改为 i，再加-er/-est。例如：earlyearlierearliest 4)部分双音节词和大部分多音节的词，在前面加more和 most。例如：slowlymore slowlymost slowly carefullymore carefullymost carefully 不规则变化：wellbetterbest muchmoremost little lessleast farfartherfarthestbadlyworseworst 5.副词的比较级的其他用法1)在同级比较的结构as/so 原级 as.的前面可用 just，almost，nearly和half 等表示程度。例如：He doesn t study half so hard as you.他学习努力的程度不如你的一半。The wind blew more and more strongly.风吹得越来越猛了。2)比较级前面可以用much，far，a little，a bit，a lot 等词修饰，表示程度。We will come back a little later.我们会稍迟一点回来。3)两个副词的比较级可以叠加表示“越来越”的意思。其结构可以是：比较级 and比较级，而多音节词可以用more and more 比较级结构。例如：He works harder and harder.他工作的越来越努力。Your sister becomes more and more beautiful.你的妹妹变得越来越漂亮了。4)如果表示“越，就越”可以用“the 比较级，the比较级”的结构。例如：The harder you works,the more you will get.你越努力学习，你得到的就越多。5)当比较的双方属于同一范围内时候，用 other或 else排除自己，因为自己不能和自己比较。例如：The girl sings better than any other girl in her class.那个女孩比她们班其他女孩都唱得好。如果比较的双方不属于同一范围内时候，则不存在和自己比较的情况，所以可以不用 other或者 else。例如：The boy in our class came to school earlier than any students in that class.我们班的那个男孩比那个班的任何学生到校早。【例题精讲】1.Fred is studying Chinese in one evening school.Is that true?He has told me about it.A.ever B.even C.already D.never 2.The song Where did the time go?Tell us that our parents grow old without being noticed.We should stay with them as _ as possible.A.often B.soon C.little 3.Im not hungry because I have _ had lunch.A.ever B.never C.just D.still 4.My sister _ goes to bed early because she needs a lot of sleep every day.A.always B.sometimes C.hardly D.never 5.If my friends have any problems,my door is _ open to them.A.never B.seldom C.sometimes D.always 6._ does your cousin usually go to work on foot?He says its good for his health.A.Where B.When C.Why D.How 7.Can you catch what I said?Sorry,I can _ understand it.A.almost B.probably C.nearly D.hardly 8.Which jacket do you prefer,this one or that one?is OK.I dont care too much.A.Both B.Either C.Neither D.All 9.It was raining _when my sister and I got to the museum.A.badly B.softly C.hardly D.heavily 10.How is Susan?Oh,I see her because she lives abroad.A.always B.often C.almost D.hardly 11.The movie covers all of Chinese history It is _ worth seeing again.Amainly Breally Cpossibly Dhardly 12.I fell off the bike on my way to school._,I wasnt hurt.A.Luckily B.Suddenly C.Politely D.Recently 13.I _ ride a bike to school.But this morning,I walked to school.A.never B.hardly C.seldom D.usually 14.I lost my ticket,but _ the travel agent gave me another one.A.actually B.firstly C.luckily D.exactly 15._ did you work out the problem in such a short time?With Mr.Lis help.A.When B.Where C.How D.Which 16.Alex did the project on community service _ better than his classmates.A.so B.very C.too D.much【答案与解析】1.D。本句句意为：Fred在一个夜校学习中文。真的吗？他从来没有告诉我。由答语“Is that true?”可知答案选 D，never意为“从不，从来没有”。2.A。句意：歌曲时间都去哪儿告诉我们，我们的父母在不经意间变老了。我们应该尽可能多和他们在一起。often 经常；soon很快，不久；little 很少，非常少。根据句意可知答案为A 项。3.C。句意：我不饿，因为我刚刚吃过午饭。ever曾经；never从不；just 刚刚；still 仍然。根据题意可知应选C。4.A。句意：我妹妹总是很早上床睡觉，因为她每天需要很多睡眠时间。always总是；sometimes有时；hardly 几乎不；never从不。根据句意可知选择A 项。5.D。句意：如果我的朋友有任何问题，我的大门总是向他们敞开。注意结合句子的含义就能得出答案。never从不；seldom很少；sometimes有时；always总是。故选 D 项。6.C。句意：你的表弟为何经常步行去上班？他说这对他的健康有益。答句说的是原因，应该用why 提问，故答案为C 项。7.D。本题意为：你能跟上我所说的吗？对不起，我几乎不能理解。almost几乎，差不多；B.probably 可能；C.nearly，将近，差不多；D.hardly 几乎不；由前半句的“sorry”可知，此处表示不能理解，故答案选D。8.B。本句意为：你喜欢哪个夹克，这一个还是哪一个？两者都可以，我不在乎太多。either表示两者中的任何一个都怎样；故答案选B。9.D。当我和妹妹到达博物馆的时候，雨下的很大；A.badly 坏地，糟糕地；B.softly 柔软地；C.hardly 几乎不；D.heavily 沉重地，大量地；故本题答案为D。10.D。句意：苏珊怎么样？哦！我几乎见不着她，因为她在国外居住。always 一直；often 经常；almost几乎；hardly 几乎不。根据答语 because she lives abroad可知用 hardly。11.B。mainly 意为“主要地”；really 意为“确实”；possibly 意为“有可能”；hardly意为“几乎不”。由“The movie covers all of Chinese history.”可知，它确实值得再看一遍。故选 B。12.A。句意：在我去学校的路上我从自行车上摔了下来。幸运的是，我没有受伤。luckily 幸运地；suddenly突然；politely 有礼貌地；recently 最近。根据上句从自行车上摔下来，而后句描述没有受伤，可知是幸运地。故选A。13.D。根据题意可知，今天早晨走路上学的，但平时是骑车的。此题前三个选项均为否定意义的副词，只有D 是肯定意义的副词，这样可以判断出来正确答案。故答案为D。14.C。句意：我的票丢了，但是幸运的是旅行社的经纪人另给了我一张。actually 事实上，确切地说；firstly 首先；luckily 幸运地；exactly 刚好，恰好。故选 C。15.C。句意：你怎样在这么短的时间里解决这个问题的？在李先生的帮助下。答句说的是方式，应该用how 提问，故答案为 C 项。16.D。解析：句意：亚历克斯做的关于社区服务的计划比他的同班同学做的好的多。so如此；very 非常；too 太，用来修饰形容词或副词的原级；much，far，a lot，a little 等用来修饰比较级，说明比较的程度。根据句意可知答案为D项。【巩固练习】I.单项选择。1.How often do the students play sports?_.A.Twice a day B.Since last night C.For two hours D.A month ago 2.I play basketball every day because I want to play as _ as Yao Ming.A.well B.better C.best D.good 3.How often do you exercise?ever.Because I am very busy with my work.A.Hardly B.Nearly C.Always D.Almost 4.At the sports meeting,Simon jumped as_ as Daniel.A.high B.higher C.slow D.slower 5.Mr.Smith,would you please speak a little more _?Sorry!I thought you would follow me.A.slowly B.politely C.seriously D.clearly 6.I _ ride a bike to school.But this morning I took a taxi because I got up late.A.never B.sometimes C.seldom D.usually 7.Jane didnt do _ in the exam,but her exam results are _ than it was last year.A.bad;worseB.good;betterC.well;betterD.well;worse 8.Which animal do you like _,a cat or a dog?A.very much B.bestC.betterD.well 9.My brother likes watching TV very much.He stays in front of the TV for _ two hours every day.A.less thanB.more thanC.little thanD.much than 10.The boy doesn t speak his sister,but his written work is very good.A.as well as B.so good as C.more better than D.more worse than 11.How will the boss be back?In these days.A.far B.soon C.long D.often 12.No matter what happens,the fact that Huangyan Island belongs to China will change.A.ever B.never C.still D.hardly 13.I dont think fast food is good for our health,so I _ go to MacDonald.A.seldom B.always C.usually D.often 14.Why are you driving so_.Tony?Im feeling sick.Sorry,but the train is leaving in 20 minutes.We have to hurry.A.often B.fast C.hard D.slowly 15.The fire last night destroyed many buildings.,no one was killed.A.Actually B.Simply C.Luckily D.Immediately II.用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。1.My purse was stolen on the bus yesterday._(Fortunate),there was no money in it.2.Mobile phones are _(wide)used in most of the cities in China.3.He put on his coat and went out _(quick).4.She is _(good)than Li Ping at swimming.5.A lot Chinese people are _(pride)of Yao Ming,a famous basketball star in NBA.6.To our surprise,he suddenly returned on a cold _(snow)night.7.Allie asked me _(polite)to put the things away.8.Its snowing hard.You must drive _(careful).9.The earth we live on is _(big)than the moon.10.Hainan is a very large island.Its the second _(large)island in China.【答案与解析】I.单项选择。1.A。考查疑问副词短语的答语。上文用how often（多久一次）提问，下文需是表频度的答语。故选A。twice a day意为“每天两次”。2.A。as as 是同级比较，中间要用形容词或副词的原级，well是副词，修饰play。故选 A。3.A。hardly ever意为“不曾”，句意为“因为我忙于工作，不曾锻炼”。4.A。本题考查副词的原级用法，句式是as high as 意为“和一样高”。5.A。本题考查副词的比较级，a little修饰副词比较级，强调程度。由答语“Sorry!I thought you would follow me”可知选择 A。6.D。本题考查副词的频率，由句意“我通常骑车去学校，今天起晚了打车去学校”可知选 usually。7.C。本题考查形容词和副词的用法，第一个空用副词well 修饰动词 do，构成短语 do well in 表示在某方面做得好；第二个空用形容词的比较级表示和去年成绩的比较，用 better。8.C。本题考查副词的比较级的用法，从句子的 a cat or a dog 可以理解是两者比较，所以用副词的比较级。9.B。本题考查短语 more than 的用法，它的意思是超过，相当于 over。less than意思为“不足、不到”。10.A。本题考查句式 not as as，表示“和不一样”。中间只能接形容词或副词原级，本句修饰speak，只能用副词 well，所以选 A。11.B。how soon意为“多久”，用在将来时态中，常用“in+一段时间”回答。12.B。句意为“无论发生什么事，黄岩岛属于中国的事实是从不会改变的”。never意为“从不”。13.A。seldom意为“不常，很少”，根据句意“我认为快餐对我们健康不好，所以我不常去”。14.B。由句意可知“托尼开车太快，我感觉不舒服”，所以用 fast。15.C。句意为“昨晚大火破毁了许多建筑物，幸运得是没人遇难”。luckily 意为“幸运地”。II.用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。1.Fortunately 2.widely 3.quickly 4.better 5.proud 6.snowy 7.politely 8.carefully 9.bigger 10.largest 中考英语语法专项复习副词考点分析中考英语对副词考查的频率很高，对副词的考查主要侧重副词用法辨析和比较级、最高级的用法。考生在复习时应注意熟记副词比较级的构成及用法，以及与频率相关的副词及副词短语的用法。对于副词的考察，通常出现在单项选择、完形填空中以及语法填空中。知识梳理一、副词的分类思维导图记知识点副词的分类频度副词always，often疑问副词where，how其他also，too否定副词no，not时间副词today，early地点副词here，there程度副词very，much方式副词well，fast副词按词汇意义可分为：方式副词：well，fast，slowly，carefully，quickly 程度副词：very，much，enough，almost，rather，quite 地点副词：here，there，out，somewhere，abroad，home 时间副词：today，early，soon，now，then，recently，still 频度副词：always，often，usually，sometimes，seldom，never 否定副词：no，not，neither，nor 疑问副词：where，how，why 其他：also，too，only 二、副词在句子中的位置以及作用：思维导图记知识点副词在句子中的位置以及作用：副词主要用来修饰动词，形容词，副词或其他结构。一）、副词的位置：1）在动词之前。2）在 be动词、助动词之后。3）多个助动词时，副词一般放在第一个助动词后。a.大多数方式副词位于句尾，但宾语过长，副词可以提前，以使句子平衡。b.方式副词 well，badly 糟、坏，hard等只放在句尾。He speaks good English.www1-cn- 二）.副词的排列顺序：副词的位置在动词之前在 be 动词、助动词之后多个助动词时，副词一般放在第一个助动词后大多数方式副词位于句尾，但宾语过长，副词可以提前，以使句子平衡方式副词well，badly 糟、坏，hard 等只放在句尾时间，地点副词，小单位的在前，大单位在后。方式副词，短的在前，长的在后，并用and或 but 等连词连接思维导图记知识点1）时间，地点副词，小单位的在前，大单位在后。2）方式副词，短的在前，长的在后，并用 and或 but 等连词连接。Please write slowly and carefully.3）多个不同副词排列：程度+地点+方式+时间副词。4）副词 very 可以修饰形容词，但不能修饰动词。5）副词 enough要放在形容词的后面，形容词enough放在名词前后都可。如：I dont know him well enough.三）.副词作句子成分思维导图记知识点作状语：时间副词：一般放在句首或句尾,注意,early、late、before、later、yet 等一般放在句尾,already、just 一般放在动词的前面。副词作句子成分作状语作表语作定语作宾语补足语如：We will visit the Great Wall tomorrow.(我们明天要去参观长城)They have already been to the UK twice.(他们去过英王国两次)Soon the lost boy found his way back home.(不久迷路的孩子找到回家的路)频度副词：一般放在be动词之后或者助动词与主要动词之间,但sometimes、often 等还可以放在句首或句尾,usually 可放在句首,once可放在句尾,twice、three times等一般放在句尾。如：Sometimes I get up early.(我有时起得早)The workers usually have lunch at the factory.(工人们通常在厂里吃午饭)Take this medicine twice a day.(这种药一天吃两次)方式副词：一般放在行为动之后,suddenly可以放在句首、句尾或动词之前。如：Old people can hardly walk as quickly as young people.(老年人几乎不可能走得和年轻人一样快)Suddenly he saw a light in the dark cave(突然,在黑黢黢的山洞里,他看见了一丝亮光)地点副词：一般放在句尾,但 here、there还可放在句首。如：There you can see thousands of bikes running in all directions(方向).(在那里,你可以看到成千上万的自行车朝各个方向流动)The frightened wolf ran away.(受到惊吓的狼逃开了)He walked out quietly and turned back soon.(他悄悄地走了出去,很快又返回)程度副词：修饰动词时,放在动词之前；修饰形容词或副词时,放在形容词或副词之前。但注意,enough总是放在被修饰的形容词或动词的后面；only 位置比较灵活,总是放在被修饰的词的前面。如：I nearly forgot all about it if he did not tell me again.(如果他不再次告诉我,我几乎把那事全忘了)It was so strange that I could hardly believe my ears.(它那么奇怪以至我不能相信我的耳朵)She got to the station early enough to catch the first bus.(她早早地赶到车站赶上了首班车)疑问副词：用于对句子的状语进行提问,位置总是在句首。如：When and where were you born?(你何时何地出生？)Why did little Edison sit on some eggs?(小爱迪生为什么要坐在鸡蛋上？)How do you do?(你好！)连接副词：用来引导主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句,在从句中作状语。如：How I am going to kill the cat is still a question.(我打算怎样杀死那只猫还是个问题)That is why everyone is afraid of the tiger.(那就是人人都害怕老虎的原因)He wondered how he could do it the next day.(他不知道第二天怎样做那事)关系副词：用来引导定语从句,在从句中作状语。如：This is the place where Mr Zhang once lived.(这就是张先生曾经住过的地方)Please tell me the way how you have learned English so well.(请告诉我你的英语是怎样学得这么好的方法)其它副词：too“也”,用在句尾；also 放在动词前；either“也不”,放在句尾；nor“也不”,放在句首；so“如此,这样”,放在形容词、副词前；on/off“开/关”放在动词之后；not 放在 be之后、助动词之后、不定式或动名词之前；maybe/perhaps放在句首；certainly 放在句首或动词之前。如：He went to the Palace Museum and I went there,too.(他去了故宫博物院,我也去了)Maybe your ticket is in your inside pocket.(也许你的票就在你的里边衣袋里)-Tom doesnt have a computer.Nor do I.(汤姆没有计算机,我也没有。)作表语：地点副词一般可以作表语,放在 be等连系动词之后,说明人物所处的位置。如：I m very sorry he isnt in at the moment.(很抱歉,他此刻不在家)I have been away from my hometown for nearly 20 years.(我离开家乡有将近20 年了)Jim is over there.(吉姆就在那边)作定语：时间副词(如 now、then)以及许多地点副词都可以作名词的定语,放在名词的后面。如：People now often have their festival dinners at restaurants.(现在的人们经常在餐馆里吃节日晚宴)Women there were living a terrible life in the 1920s.(在二十世纪 20年代那儿的女人过着可怕的日子)作宾语补足语：地点副词一般可以作宾语补足语。如：Put your dirty socks away,Jim!They are giving out bad smell!(吉姆,把你的脏袜子拿开！它们在散发着臭气。)Father kept him in and doing his lessons.(父亲把他关在家里做作业)注意“动词+副词”的宾语如果是代词,则该副词应该放在代词之后。如：He wrote down the word.(他写下了那个词。)He wrote it down.(他把它写了下来。)四）、有关副词的用法和辨析：asas 常构成一些词组：as soon as(一旦就),as well as(同样),as+形容词/副词+as possible(尽可能 地)。如：Please ring me up as soon as you get to Beijing.(请你一到北京就给我写信。)Miss Gao hurried to the school gate as quickly as possible.(高小姐尽快地赶到了校门口。)注释“as long/much as+名词”可以表示“长达/多达”的含义。如：The house costs as much as five hundred thousand yuan.(那幢房子花费高达50 万元。)They stayed in the cave as long as two weeks.(他们呆在山洞里长达两周。)later、after、ago、before的用法：“一段时间+later/ago”分别表示“(多久)以后/以前”,主要“after/be fore+某个时刻”分别表示“在某时刻之后/之前”,此时两个词是介词。ago与 before：ago只能用于过去时,before用于完成时。如：He had an accident a week ago.(一周前出了一个事故)Some years later,the boy became a very famous singer.(数年后这个男孩成了著名的歌唱家)Have you been there before?(你从前到过那儿吗？)After a few years he gave up smoking.(过了几年他戒了烟。)above、below、over、under的用法：在上下方用above和 below,在高低处用 over 和 under.当 above、below、over、under是介词性质时,意义相似。如：The stars are high above in the sky.(星星高挂在空中)A plane flew over quickly.(一架飞机从头顶飞过。)too、also、either、nor 的用法：too(“也”)用于肯定句和疑问句的末尾,且用逗号隔开；also(“也”)用于肯定句句子谓语动词之前；either(“也”)用于否定句末尾,也用逗号隔开；nor(“也不”)用于倒装句句首；如：Are you American,too?(你也是美国人吗？)He is not happy and I am not happy,either.(他不愉快,我也不。)He didn t watch the football game.Nor did I.(他没有看足球赛,我也没有。)You can also find the market is very good.(你还可以发觉那个市场很好。)enough、too、so、very、quite、very much 的用法：enough(“足够,十分”)放在形容词或副词之后；too(“太”)、very(“非常”)、quite(“相当”)、so(“如此地”)等放在形容词或副词之前,very much(“非常”)放在动词之后。如：It s too/so/very/quite expensive.(它太贵/那么贵/非常贵/相当贵。)I don t like sweets very much.(我不很喜欢糖果)注意 very 与 much 的区别：very 修饰形容词、副词的原级和现在分词形容词,much修饰形容词和副词的比较级；much还可以修饰疑问句和否定句中的动词,very 不可以。如：He is very stupid.(他很笨)The film was very moving and everyone swept.(电影非常动人,大家都哭了)You must work much harder or you will fail to enter the good school.(你得学习更努力,不然你考不进那所好学校)I don t like him much.(我不太喜欢他)sometimes、sometime、some times、some time的用法：sometimes(有时)用于一般现在时、sometime(在将来某时)用于将来时、some times(数次)表示次数、some time(一些时间)表示一段时间。如：Sometimes they go hiking in the mountains.(他们有时徒步旅行到山里)I will stay here some time.(我会在这儿呆些时候的。)I will meet your father sometime.(我什么时候要见见你的父亲。)how、what 用于感叹句的用