2018-2019学年福建省莆田一中2018级高一下学期期末考试英语试卷及解析.pdf

2018-2019 学年莆田一中 2018级高一下学期期末考试英语试卷祝考试顺利第 I 卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分20分）第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 5 分）1.What does the woman want the man to do first?A.Fix the shelf.B.Paint the car.C.Look for his key.2.What is the man probably doing?A.Writing a story.B.Telling a joke.C.Watching a movie.3.How does the man feel about Tom?A.He gets nervous very easily.B.He is not used to making a speech,C.He is extremely good at making a speech.4.Why was the woman so late?A.She didn t catch the bus.B.She took somebody to hospital.C.Something went wrong with the bus.5.What does the man mean?A.He liked to watch the basketball game on TV.B.He preferred to go to the basketball game.C.He enjoyed watching the football game on TV.第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。6.What happened to Lucy today at school?A.Maria had a quarrel with her.B.Maria wanted to copy her homework.C.Maria asked her for help in the exam.7.What is the relationship between the speakers?A.Classmates.B.Mother and son.C.Father and daughter.听第 7 段材料，回咎第 8、9 题。8.What is the woman?A.An interviewer.B.A shopkeeper.C.A waitress.9.Whats the woman s attitude to the man in the end?A.Satisfied.B.Admired.C.Unsatisfied.听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12题。10.How did Mr.Lam help the man?A.By helping him with his study.B.By offering him a part-time job.C.By lending him some pocket money.11.When does the man work part-time?A.On Friday.B.On weekdays.C.At weekends.12.What does the man think of the club?A.It is fantastic.B.It is expensive.C.It is useless.听第 9 段材料，回秤第 13 至 16题。13.What was the woman about to do before answering the phone?A.Go to bed.B.Get up.C.Meet the man.14.What kind of transportation will the man take to Disney World?A car.B.A bus.C.A taxi.15.Where will the man meet the woman?A.At the Kennedy Space Center.B.At Orlando Airport.C.At Disney World.16.Why does the man want to go to Panhandle?A.To meet some new friends.B.To relax on the beach.C.To go shopping.听第 10 段材料，回答第17 至 20 题。17.How old should the volunteers be?A.From 12 to 16.B.From 12 to 60.C.Over 60.18.What can volunteers do for hospitals?A.Show people the way.B.Help I he doctors.C.Take care of children.19.What is the most suitable volunteer job for a gardener?A.Selling flowers and trees.B.Teaching people how to look after plants.C.Looking after homeless dogs and cats in the garden.20.How can people get in touch with the organization?A.By making a call.B.By sending an e-mail.C.By visiting its website.第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分30 分）第一节（共 10 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 20 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和 D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A Britons may like to complain a lot,but they rarely do so right now,explains BBC writer Ruth Margolis.They would rather grumble(发牢骚)afterwards.This is because Britons hate to put someone out and cause any embarrassment.Margolis writes,“For instance,Im much more comfortable just leaving that piece of raw chicken on my plate instead of complaining to restaurant staff.But beware:if this kind of thing happens when youre dining with Americans,they will most likely speak up on your behalf and not understand why you find this ashamed.”In a BBC blog post comparing cultural differences between the UK and the US,Margolis mentions a few other things that Americans like to do that are offensive to Britons.Not making introductions Margolis says most Britons dislike this approach because“talking to strangers without being introduced gives them a stomach ache”.Americans rarely introduce a new friend to their friends at parties.Strangers are supposed to introduce themselves.“Quite”goodUsing“quite”to mean“very”happens a lot in the US.But if you are invited to a dinner party in Britain,dont describe the meal as“quite good”if you want to express high praise.To Britons ears,“quite”detracts from the“good”:the meal was OK but could have been better.Money talk Americans can talk about money subjects for hours without feeling uncomfortable.For Britons,says Margolis,“Talking about how much we make is unthinkableeven less discussing our feelings.”Over-politeness“Its not that I want shop assistants to be actively rude.But neither do I want to expend energy responding to someone whos been paid to ask:How are you today?”says Margolis.In the US,it is not unusual to be greeted by a perfect stranger as“honey”or“sweetie”.But Margolis says Britons find affected friendliness,especially in stores,deeply irritating.1.Margolis dining experience in Paragraph 1 shows that .A.Britons are particular about food B.Britons are not good at complaining C.Americans usually complain directly D.Americans complain more than Britons 2.The underlined phrase“detracts from”in the text probably means“”.A.differs greatly from B.increases the quality of C.reduces the strength of D.draws attention away from 3.What does the text mainly talk about?A.How to get on well with westerners.B.How to start conversations with Britons.C.Ruth Margolis tips on public behaviour.D.Some American habits that annoy Britons.【答案】1.C 2.C 3.D【解析】本文为一篇说明文。文章对比分析了美国人和英国人对待不同问题的看法和做法。【1 题详解】细节理解题。由文章第一段中的“But beware:if this kind of thing happens when youre dining with Americans,they will most likely speak up on your behalf and not understand why you find this ashamed.”可知，美国人通常直言直语，不会在意你是否感到难堪。故选C项。【2 题详解】词义猜测题。由下文中的“the meal was OK but could have been better.”这顿饭不错，但本来可以更好。可推测，detracts from 为减损的意思，即“相当”减损了“好”。故选C项。【3 题详解】主旨大意题。文章通篇通过具体的事例，对比分析了美国人和英国人对待不同问题的看法和做法。因为文章的作者是英国人，通篇以不可思议和抱怨的口吻痛诉了 美 国 习 惯，及 最 后 一 句“But Margolis says Britons find affected friendliness,especially in stores,deeply irritating.”可知，文章主要讲述了一些让英国人恼火的美国习惯。故选D项。B WeChat,the Chinese social media smartphone app,saw an increase in user numbers of 41 percent year on year to 500 million at the end of last year,in a sign that parent company Tencent is extending its reach for the mobile Internet.As one of the largest Internet integrated service providers in China and one of the most Internet users in China,Tencents profit grew 24 percent to RMB 20.98 billion per year,slightly higher than forecasts,driven mainly by online gaming profits.It is unclear how much WeChat contributed to Tencents profits but the apps growth is a strong indicator of the companys long-term health as it tries to adjust its business to be more suitable for mobile devices.“We extended our leadership in games and online media,and made breakthroughs in emerging platforms such as online security and mobile payments.”Ma Huateng,Tencent chairman,said in a statement.WeChat is the second highest ranked social app in China,behind QQ,Tencents another chatting app,which claimed to have 815 million registered monthly users at the end of 2014.Tencent has been unwilling to earn money through WeChat by flooding it with advertising,which could influence the users experience.But this is expected to change.Some analysts anticipated(预期)that advertising would be introduced on a large scale later this year.Early attempts to test ads on the service have not always gone smoothly.After a BMW ad was introduced on some users feedbacks in January,many users who were not targeted by the brands marketing complained of“discrimination”by Tencents data mining algorithm(数据挖掘算法).They claimed it unfairly treated them as not wealthy or successful enough to view the BMW ad.4.What can we learn from the passage?A.WeChat is ranked behind QQ in China.B.Tencent wants to earn more through QQ.C.WeChat contributed most to Tencents profits.D.More advertising would not be introduced later this year.5.How did some users feel when a BMW ad was introduced?A.Uninterested.B.Untouched.C.Unhappy.D.Unlucky.6.What s the best title of this passage?A.WeChat,a Popular APP in China B.WeChat,a Smartphone APP in China C.WeChat,a Profitable APP of Tencent D.WeChat,a Nonprofit APP of Tencent【答案】4.A 5.C 6.C【解析】本文为一篇新闻报道。主要讲述了腾讯公司网络上发展和盈利的历程，以及微信用户的不断增加带来微信的发展。【4 题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“WeChat is the second highest ranked app in China，behind QQ”,可知微信是在QQ后,成为中国第二个最受欢迎的应用程序,故选 A项。【5 题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“After a BMW ad was introduced on some users feeds in January,many users who were not targeted by the luxury brands marketing complained of“discrimination”by Tencents data mining algorithm.They claimed it unfairly profiled them as not wealthy or successful enough to view the sought-after BMW ad，”可知人们纷纷抱怨公司不平等的对待，所以不开心，故选C项。【6 题详解】主旨大意题。纵观全文，文章主要讲述了腾讯公司网络上发展和盈利的历程，以及微信用户的不断增加带来微信的发展，故选C项。C Dear Alcohol,You ve been around forever.I can remember all the pain youve caused for me.Do you remember the night you almost took my fathers life?I do.He loves you.Sometimes I think he loves you more than he loves me.Hes addicted to you,to the way you promise to rid him of his problems only to cause more of them.You just sat back and laughed as his car went spinning through the street,crashing into two other cars.He wasnt the only one hurt by you that night.Do you remember the night of my first high school party?You were there.My friends were intrigued by you.They treated you as if they were never going to see you again,drinking all of you that they could.I spent two hours that night helping my friends who had fallen completely.“I m so embarrassed,”they said as I held their hair back so that they could vomit.“I m sorry,”they said when I called taxis for them,walking them out and paying the driver in advance.“This won t happen again,”they said as they were sent to the hospital to have their stomachs pumped.Two 15-year-old girls slept in hospital beds that night thanks to you.Do you remember the night when you took advantage of my 17-year-old neighbor who had to drive to pick up his sister from her dance lessons?Do you know how we all felt when he hit another car and killed the two people in the other car?He died the next morning too.His sister walked home from her dance lesson,and passed police cars and a crowd of people gathering on the sidewalk just two blocks away from the dance studio.She didnt realize her brother was in the midst of it all.She never saw him again.And it s all your fault.I wish youd walk out of my life forever.I dont want anything to do with you.Look at all the pain youve caused.Sure,youve made people happy too from time to time.But the damage youve caused in the lives of millions is inexcusable.Stop luring(引诱)in the people I love.Stop hurting me,please.Sincerely,Me 7.What is authors purpose in writing to alcohol?A.To introduce Mr.Alcohol to the readers B.To describe the harm alcohol did to his family.C.To show how much alcohol can hurt people.D.To show the great fun that alcohol can bring to peoples life.8.What did alcohol do to the authors father?A.It took his life away one night.B.It helped to get rid of his problems C.It pushed him to hurt others when driving.D.It got him seriously injured in a car accident.9.The underlined phrase“were intrigued by”in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _.A.were familiar with B.were curious about C.were disappointed with D.were satisfied with 10.What is the tone of the article?A.Critical.B.Doubtful.C.Unconcerned.D.Humorous.【答案】7.C 8.D 9.B 10.A【解析】【分析】本文为一篇应用文。作者写了一封信，说明酒精对人们造成的伤害。【7 题详解】主旨大意题。纵观全文和文章最后一段“Look at all the pain you ve caused.Sure,you ve made people happy too from time to time.But the damage you ve caused in the lives of millions is inexcusable.”可知，作者写这封信是为了说明酒精对人们造成的伤害，故选C项。【8 题详解】细节理解题。第二段“You just sat back and laughed as his car went spinning through the street,crashing into two other cars.He wasnt the only o ne hurt by you that night.”可知作者的父亲酒驾导致和另外的两辆车相撞，自己受伤，故选 D项。【9 题详解】词义猜词题。由下文“They treated you as if they were never going to see you again,drinking all of you that they could.”可知，朋友认为，酒把自己当作再也见不到的人来对待，竭尽所能地喝酒。推测作者的朋友对酒很感兴趣，可以推断出 were intrigued by感兴趣的意思。故选B项。【10 题详解】推理判断题。从最后一段的句子“I wish youd walk out of my life forever.I dont want anything to do with you.Look at all the pain you ve caused.Sure,you ve made people happy too from time to time.But the damage you ve caused in the lives of millions is inexcusable.Stop luring(引诱)in the people I love.Stop hurting me,please.”可知作者的态度是对其极其不满，并保持批评。故选A项。第二节七选五（共5 小题：每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Much has been made about the need for teachers to develop healthy relationships with the parents of their students.Similarly,headmasters who hold the opportunity to build the relationships with parents will find it to be a worthwhile investment(投资).As is known,headmasters spend much time on after-school activities._11_Great headmasters are good at finding common interests with almost any parent.They can talk about anything from the weather to politics to sports.Having these talks helps parents see you as a real person for the school._12_Knowing something personal about you will make it easier to trust and respect you.One simple strategy for building relationships with parents is to call 5-10 parents each week and ask them a sum of questions about the school,their childrens teachers,etc.Parents will love that you took the time to ask them their opinion._13_ A headmaster can invite a small group of parents to join them for lunch to talk about key problems the school is dealing with.These lunches can be scheduled every month or as needed._14_ Finally,schools are almost always forming committees on different school-related topics.These committees should not be limited to school personnel.Inviting parents and students to serve on a committee brings a different viewpoint that can be beneficial for everyone._15_And they provide their stamp(印记)on their childs education.Headmasters are able to use this time to continue to build relationships and ask for a viewpoint.A.Another strategy is a parents lunch.B.Parents may not always agree with your decisions.C.Parents get to be a part of the inner workings of the school.D.This is a great opportunity to build informal relationships with parents.E.The relationship between headmaster and parents are more distant.F.They see you in part as the person who really likes their kids.G.Adopting these strategies can really strengthen relationships with parents.【答案】11.D 12.F 13.A 14.G 15.C【解析】本文是一篇议论文。教师需要与学生家长建立健康的关系。同样，那些有机会与家长建立关系的校长们也会发现，这是一项有价值的投资。【11 题详解】上文提示“众所周知，校长花很多时间在课外活动。”承接上文，D项 This is a great opportunity to build informal relationships with parents.（这是一个与父母建立非正式关系的好机会。）切题。该项中This 承接上文，故选 D。【12 题详解】上文提示“有这些谈话可以帮助家长把你看作学校里的一个真实的人。”承接上文，F 项 They see you in part as the person who really likes their kids.（在某种程度上，他们认为你是一个真正喜欢他们孩子的人。）切题。该句子中see-as-与上文是并列句式，故选F。【13 题详解】与本段句首one simple strategy对应，可知，A 项 Another strategy is a parent s lun ch.（另一个策略是父母的午餐。）切题。故选 A。【14 题详解】上文提示“这些午餐可以按每个月安排或根据需要而定。”此处总结上文的内容，可知，G项 Adopting these strategies can really strengthen relationships with parents.（采用这些策略可以真正加强与父母的关系。）切题。故选 G。【15 题详解】根据上文提示“邀请家长和学生加入委员会会带来一个对每个人都有有益的不同观点。”再根据下文提示“他们对孩子的教育有自己的观点。”由此推知，C 项Parents get to be a part of the inner workings of the school.（父母成为学校内部运作的一部分。）切题。故选 C。第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分30 分）第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 20 分）One evening,Catherine was at home as usual.As her_16_swung between what she was going to do with her life and their dinner plans for the evening,she was unexpectedly_17_ by an urgent call from her