牛津高中英语模块UnitGrammarandusage学习教案.pptx

会计学1牛津牛津(ni jn)高中英语模块高中英语模块UnitGrammarandusage第一页，共55页。Grammar and usage第1页/共55页第二页，共55页。This lesson is boring.There are sleeping students in class.（表语（表语(bioy)）（定语（定语(dngy)）第2页/共55页第三页，共55页。Functions as an adjective:V-ing形式形式(xngsh)可以同形容词一样置于名词可以同形容词一样置于名词 之前修饰名词。之前修饰名词。有时有时V-ing形式也可用副词形式也可用副词(fc)修饰。修饰。V-ing 形式亦可以同定语从句一样置于形式亦可以同定语从句一样置于 名词之后名词之后(zhhu)修饰名词，可以转化成定语从修饰名词，可以转化成定语从 句。句。V-ing 形式可以用作表语或宾语的补形式可以用作表语或宾语的补 语。语。第3页/共55页第四页，共55页。4.The man who is running in the picture is Liu Xiang.2.The man running inthe picture is Liu Xiang.1.a running man3.The man running fastest got the first place.Attribute:第4页/共55页第五页，共55页。小小 结结:V-ing形式作定语形式作定语(dngy)可表示动作可表示动作正在进行（如例正在进行（如例1、2）或表示和所修饰）或表示和所修饰词之间有逻辑主动关系（如例词之间有逻辑主动关系（如例3）。）。第5页/共55页第六页，共55页。单个单个V-ing词作定语修饰名词词作定语修饰名词(mng c)一般置于名词一般置于名词(mng c)之前（如例之前（如例1）；）；V-ing词组修饰名词词组修饰名词(mng c)则置则置于名词于名词(mng c)之后（如例之后（如例2、3），此），此时相当于一个定语从句（如例时相当于一个定语从句（如例4）。）。第6页/共55页第七页，共55页。Rewrite the following sentences with attributive clauses.The teacher teaching us English is Ms Zhou.=The teacher who is teaching us English is Ms Zhou.第7页/共55页第八页，共55页。The people The people sitting behind us us are all are all teachers.teachers.The expert The expert coming from Lishui is a lady called Ms Cai.called Ms Cai.=The people who are sitting behind us are all teachers.=The expert who comes from Lishui is a lady called Ms Cai.第8页/共55页第九页，共55页。Translate the following phrases.a reading rooma washing machinean exciting eveningan interesting crosstalk阅览室阅览室洗衣机洗衣机激动人心的夜晚激动人心的夜晚(ywn)有趣有趣(yuq)的的相声相声第9页/共55页第十页，共55页。a sleeping cara smoking room listening practice an opening speecha booking officerunning water卧铺车卧铺车吸烟室吸烟室听力听力(tngl)练习练习开幕词开幕词售票处售票处自来水自来水第10页/共55页第十一页，共55页。I heard the girl singing in the classroom.I noticed a long queue outside the bank waiting for it to open.Object Complement:The baby watched his dad shaving his face with great interest.We have the fire burning all day.第11页/共55页第十二页，共55页。V-ing形式作宾语补足语置形式作宾语补足语置于宾语之后，表示一个正于宾语之后，表示一个正在进行的动作（如例在进行的动作（如例1、2、3），或强调一个过程），或强调一个过程(guchng)或一种状态。或一种状态。（如例（如例4）小小 结结：第12页/共55页第十三页，共55页。V-ing形式作宾语补足语时，形式作宾语补足语时，往往同宾语存在逻辑往往同宾语存在逻辑(lu j)主动关系。主动关系。第13页/共55页第十四页，共55页。V-ing形式作宾语补足形式作宾语补足(b z)语的常见语的常见动词：动词：make,let,have,keep,leave,see,watch,hear,notice,find,feel 等。等。第14页/共55页第十五页，共55页。1.Sixty million people _(live)in rural areas are moving to the cities every year.2.The bottle _(contain)the 2.The bottle _(contain)the poison was sent to the laboratory.poison was sent to the laboratory.PracticelivingcontainingFill in the blanks with the verb given in its proper form.第15页/共55页第十六页，共55页。3.The man _(sit)on the platform is a 3.The man _(sit)on the platform is a professor from Wuhan University.professor from Wuhan University.4.The children _(play)4.The children _(play)the violin over there will give a the violin over there will give a performance next week.performance next week.5.5.Our trip was _(disappoint).Our trip was _(disappoint).We did not find any unusual plants.We did not find any unusual plants.sittingplayingdisappointing第16页/共55页第十七页，共55页。6.I saw them _(force)the door open with a hammer.7.We heard them _(quarrel)about money after the concert;they looked very angry.8.I heard him _(drop)lots of coins into the collecting tin.forcingquarrelingdropping第17页/共55页第十八页，共55页。9.You can see them _(perform)9.You can see them _(perform)every night this week at the New Theatre.every night this week at the New Theatre.10.The news was _(shock).All 10.The news was _(shock).All the three boats had sunk in the storm.the three boats had sunk in the storm.performingshocking第18页/共55页第十九页，共55页。Function as an adverb:常用于常用于 stand,sit,lie 等动词等动词(dngc)之后表之后表 示伴随的状态。示伴随的状态。V-ing词组词组(cz)可以在句中充当时间、原可以在句中充当时间、原 因、结果、条件等状语。因、结果、条件等状语。第19页/共55页第二十页，共55页。1.作时间状语作时间状语-ing短语作时间状语要置于句首。如：短语作时间状语要置于句首。如：Hearing the bad news,they couldnt help crying.=When they heard the bad news,they couldnt help crying.当听到这个当听到这个(zh ge)不幸的消息时，他们情不幸的消息时，他们情不自禁地哭了起来。不自禁地哭了起来。第20页/共55页第二十一页，共55页。Having received his letter,I decided to write back.=After I had received his letter,I decided to write back.收到他的信后，我决定给他回信。收到他的信后，我决定给他回信。2.作原因作原因(yunyn)状语状语-ing短语作原因短语作原因(yunyn)状语置于句首。状语置于句首。如：如：Being so angry,he couldnt go to sleep.第21页/共55页第二十二页，共55页。=Because he was so angry,he couldnt go to sleep.因为太生气因为太生气(shng q)了，他不能入睡。了，他不能入睡。Having been to the Great Wall many times,he didnt go last week.=Because(As)he had been to the Great Wall many times,he didnt go last week.因为他已经去过长城许多次，上周他就没因为他已经去过长城许多次，上周他就没去。去。第22页/共55页第二十三页，共55页。3.作条件状语作条件状语-ing作条件状语置于句首或句末。如：作条件状语置于句首或句末。如：Working hard,you will succeed.=If you work hard,you will succeed.如果你勤奋如果你勤奋(qnfn)一点，你就会成功。一点，你就会成功。Being given more attention,the trees could have grown better.第23页/共55页第二十四页，共55页。=If they had been given more attention,the trees could have grown better.如果对这些树再多注如果对这些树再多注意些，它们可能长得更好。意些，它们可能长得更好。4.作让步状语作让步状语(zhungy)-ing短语作让步状语短语作让步状语(zhungy)，可，可置于句首或置于句首或 句末，常与句末，常与even if,though 连用。如：连用。如：第24页/共55页第二十五页，共55页。Though working from morning till night,his father didnt get enough food.=Although his father worked from morning till night,he didnt get enough food.虽然他父亲从早到晚拼命地干活虽然他父亲从早到晚拼命地干活(n hu)，但是他还是挣不到足够的吃的。，但是他还是挣不到足够的吃的。第25页/共55页第二十六页，共55页。5.作伴随状语作伴随状语(zhungy)置于句首或句末。如：置于句首或句末。如：They came into the classroom,singing and laughing.=They sang and laughed;they came into the classroom.他们又唱又笑地走进教室。他们又唱又笑地走进教室。第26页/共55页第二十七页，共55页。When workingWhen working in the factory,he was in the factory,he was an advanced worker.an advanced worker.=When he worked in the factoryWhen he worked in the factory,he was an advanced worker.was an advanced worker.注意：注意：1.-ing短语与短语与when,while,though,until,if等连词连用等连词连用(linyng)时，相当于这时，相当于这些连引导的一个从句。如：些连引导的一个从句。如：第27页/共55页第二十八页，共55页。Though willingThough willing to attend the party,he refused the invitation.refused the invitation.=Though he was willing to attend the=Though he was willing to attend the party,he refused the invitation.,he refused the invitation.While stayingWhile staying in Beijing,he came to see in Beijing,he came to see me twice.me twice.=While he was staying in Beijing=While he was staying in Beijing,he came to see me twice.came to see me twice.第28页/共55页第二十九页，共55页。If playing all day,you will waste your valuable time.=If you play all day,you will waste your valuable time.Though raining heavily,it cleared up very soon.=Though it was raining heavily,it cleared up very soon.第29页/共55页第三十页，共55页。2.2.动词动词动词动词-ing-ing形式在句中作状语形式在句中作状语形式在句中作状语形式在句中作状语(zhungy)(zhungy)时，其逻辑主语与主句的主语保持一时，其逻辑主语与主句的主语保持一时，其逻辑主语与主句的主语保持一时，其逻辑主语与主句的主语保持一致。如：致。如：致。如：致。如：He traveled on the plane like this,He traveled on the plane like this,keeping the tortoise hidden in a keeping the tortoise hidden in a blanket.blanket.=When he traveled on the plane like =When he traveled on the plane like this,he kept the tortoise hidden in a this,he kept the tortoise hidden in a blanket.blanket.第30页/共55页第三十一页，共55页。小小 结结:V-ing有其完成式有其完成式having done,表示分表示分 词动作发生于主句动作之前。词动作发生于主句动作之前。表示时间状语时常同连词表示时间状语时常同连词when,whenever,while,once,until等连用等连用(linyng)。分词作状语时，其逻辑主语同主句的主分词作状语时，其逻辑主语同主句的主 语一致且有逻辑主动关系，往往可转换语一致且有逻辑主动关系，往往可转换 为相应的状语从句。为相应的状语从句。V-ing形式的否定形式的否定not要置于要置于V-ing之前。之前。第31页/共55页第三十二页，共55页。1.a.Hearing the news,tears ran down her 1.a.Hearing the news,tears ran down her face.face.b.Hearing the news,she cried out sadly.b.Hearing the news,she cried out sadly.2.a.Entering the classroom,I found nobody in it.b.Entering the classroom,nobody was b.Entering the classroom,nobody was found in it.found in it.Choose the correct sentence.第32页/共55页第三十三页，共55页。3.a.Looking out through the window,the 3.a.Looking out through the window,the garden was beautiful.garden was beautiful.b.Looking out through the window,we saw b.Looking out through the window,we saw a beautiful garden.a beautiful garden.4.a.Reading the evening newspaper,a dog 4.a.Reading the evening newspaper,a dog started barking.started barking.b.I was reading the evening newspaper b.I was reading the evening newspaper when a dog started barking.when a dog started barking.第33页/共55页第三十四页，共55页。5.a.Being fine,we will have the sports meeting next week.b.It being fine,we will have the sports b.It being fine,we will have the sports meeting next week.meeting next week.-ing形式的否定形式的否定(fudng)式为在其前面加式为在其前面加not。如：如：He sat there,not knowing what to say.第34页/共55页第三十五页，共55页。1.Their car was caught in a traffic jam,thus 1.Their car was caught in a traffic jam,thus _ the delay.A.to _ the delay.A.to cause B.causing C.cause B.causing C.caused D.causecaused D.cause2.One by one Peter sold his bits and 2.One by one Peter sold his bits and pieces,_ only a mite of their worth.pieces,_ only a mite of their worth.A.getting B.got C.to get D.getA.getting B.got C.to get D.getExercises第35页/共55页第三十六页，共55页。3.After seeing the movie,_.A.3.After seeing the movie,_.A.the book was read by himthe book was read by him B.B.the book made him want to read it C.the book made him want to read it C.he wanted to read the bookhe wanted to read the book D.D.the reading of the book interested the reading of the book interested him him第36页/共55页第三十七页，共55页。4.The next morning she found the man in 4.The next morning she found the man in bed,_ dead.bed,_ dead.A.lying B.lie C.lay D.layingA.lying B.lie C.lay D.laying5.There was terrible noise _ the sudden burst of light.A.followed A.followed B.following C.to be followed D.being followedC.to be followed D.being followed第37页/共55页第三十八页，共55页。6.The secretary worked late into the 6.The secretary worked late into the night,_ a long speech for the night,_ a long speech for the president.president.A.to prepare A.to prepare B.preparing B.preparing C.prepared D.was preparing第38页/共55页第三十九页，共55页。7.“Cant you read?”Mary said_ to 7.“Cant you read?”Mary said_ to the notice.the notice.A.angrily pointing A.angrily pointing B.B.and point angrily C.and point angrily C.angrily pointed angrily pointed D.D.and angrily pointingand angrily pointing第39页/共55页第四十页，共55页。8.He worked day and night,_ his task ahead of time.A.finished B.finishing C.finish D.to finish9.I was in the bathroom,not _ the 9.I was in the bathroom,not _ the knock at the door.knock at the door.A.hear B.to hear A.hear B.to hear C.hearing D.heardC.hearing D.heard第40页/共55页第四十一页，共55页。10._ a reply,he decided to write again.10._ a reply,he decided to write again.A.Not receiving A.Not receiving B.Receiving not C.B.Receiving not C.Not having received Not having received D.Having not receivedD.Having not received第41页/共55页第四十二页，共55页。11.What worried the boy most was _ 11.What worried the boy most was _ to visit his father in the hospital.to visit his father in the hospital.A.his not allowing A.his not allowing B.his not being allowed B.his not being allowed C.having not been allowed C.having not been allowed D.his being not allowedD.his being not allowed第42页/共55页第四十三页，共55页。12.They apologized for _ to attend the meeting.A.their not being able B.their being not able C.them not able D.them being able not第43页/共55页第四十四页，共55页。高考链接高考链接(lin ji)1.We all found his argument convincing and interesting.(P28)考点考点 V-ing形式作宾语补足语。形式作宾语补足语。考例考例 A cook will be immediately fired if he is found _ in the kitchen.（NMET 2003）smoke B.smoking C.to smoke D.smoked.第44页/共55页第四十五页，共55页。点拨点拨 选选B。he 和和smoke是逻辑上的主是逻辑上的主谓关系，所以用谓关系，所以用V-ing形式形式(xngsh)。该。该句中的句中的“he is found”是被动语态，还原是被动语态，还原成主动语态应该是成主动语态应该是“find him smoking”。第45页/共55页第四十六页，共55页。2.We are making bigger holes in the nets,hoping to avoid catching fish that are not fully grown.(P30)考点考点 V-ing形式作原因状语。相当于一形式作原因状语。相当于一个由个由because 引导引导(yndo)的原因状语从的原因状语从句。句。第46页/共55页第四十七页，共55页。考例考例 We often provide our children with toys,footballs or basketballs,_ that all children like these things.(2006全国全国(qun u)卷卷III)A.thinking B.think C.to thinkD.thought点拨点拨 选选A。we 与与think 之间是逻辑上的主谓关之间是逻辑上的主谓关系。句子相当于：系。句子相当于：We often provide our children with toys,footballs or basketballs,because we think that all children like these things.第47页/共55页第四十八页，共55页。3.He travelled on the plane like this,keeping the tortoise hidden in a blanket.(P30)考点考点 当分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主当分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语必须语必须(bx)与句子的主语保持一致。与句子的主语保持一致。第48页/共55页第四十九页，共55页。考例考例 While watching television,_.（2005全国全国(qun u)卷卷II）A the doorbell rang B the doorbell ringsC we heard the doorbell ringD we heard the doorbell rings第49页/共55页第五十页，共55页。点拨点拨 选选C。由前面分词结构。由前面分词结构While watching television可以看出：可以看出：watching television是由人发出的动作，其主语应当是是由人发出的动作，其主语应当是和主句的逻辑主语一致的，所以和主句的逻辑主语一致的，所以(suy)主句主句的主语应该是人。的主语应该是人。第50页/共55页第五十一页，共55页。4.He sat there,not knowing what to say.(P30)考点考点(ko din)非谓语动词的否定形非谓语动词的否定形式是在非谓语动词前面加上式是在非谓语动词前面加上not。第51页/共55页第五十二页，共55页。考例考例 _ the programme,they have to stay there for another two weeks.（广东（广东(gung dng)2004）Not completingB.Not completed C.Not having completed D.Having not completed第52页/共55页第五十三页，共55页。点拨点拨 选选C。该句主语是。该句主语是they，和，和complete 是逻辑上的主谓关系，所以用是逻辑上的主谓关系，所以用V-ing形式表示主动。形式表示主动。complete the programme这个动作发生在这个动作发生在have to stay there.动作之前动作之前(zhqin)，故用完成时，故用完成时态。态。第53页/共55页第五十四页，共55页。第54页/共55页第五十五页，共55页。