复习主谓一致.ppt

教学目标：1.了解主谓一致的含义；2.有关主谓一致的若干原则；3.主谓一致的运用。主谓一致在英语句子里，谓语受主语支配，其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这就叫主谓一致。寻其规律，大致可归纳为三个原则，即语法一致、逻辑意义一致和就近一致原则。Todays proverbTodays proverbWe also need thinking and doing.找出下列句子的错误找出下列句子的错误1.The police is comimg soon.2.The sad news make me cry.3.My shoes is new.4.The rich is going to be looked after well.5.This pair of glasses are mine.6.The first class begin at eight every morning.Man cant be perfect.Man cant be perfect.makesareareareisbeginsLets try.What did you learn from What did you learn from them?them?1、英语句子中的主语与谓语动词应在人称、英语句子中的主语与谓语动词应在人称和数上保持一致。和数上保持一致。2、有些主语虽为单数形式，但意义为复数。、有些主语虽为单数形式，但意义为复数。有些主语虽为复数形式，意义为单数，谓有些主语虽为复数形式，意义为单数，谓语动词用单数。语动词用单数。所以，我们应保持所以，我们应保持主谓意义上的一致。主谓意义上的一致。1.either,neither 单独出现用单数。单独出现用单数。2.every,each,no 双双出现，名词单数，即单数双双出现，名词单数，即单数。3.school,class,family 指人用复数，整体用单数。指人用复数，整体用单数。4.有相同两半的名词独自用复数，与有相同两半的名词独自用复数，与a pair of 连连 用指单用指单 数。数。5.主语后的介词丢一边，时间、距离、金钱再多主语后的介词丢一边，时间、距离、金钱再多 也是单数。也是单数。6.动动 名词用单数，定语从句先行词是决策。名词用单数，定语从句先行词是决策。7.几分之几见主语，但几分之几见主语，但one and a half 跟单数。别跟单数。别 忘倒装向后看。忘倒装向后看。Rules1.Mr Green together with his children_(go)to the park every day.2.Three fourth of the earth _(cover)with water.3.A million dollars _(mean)a lot of money.4.Look out!There _(come)the bus.5.One and a half apples _(eat).6.Doing exercises _(make)you healthy.7.The student who _(have)ideas,come here.用所给词的适当形式填空用所给词的适当形式填空goesis coveredmeanscomesis eatenmakeshasPractice makes perfectPractice makes perfect121.Our class are going to hike next week Our class are big and clean.2.A speaker and writer does exercise every day.A speaker and a writer does exercise every day.Do you know the Do you know the differences?differences?3.A number of Chinese are learning English.The number of the students are forty.哪一句表达正确？哪一句表达正确？给句子填上给句子填上is/am/are1.There _some milk and some bottles on the table.2.Neither Jim nor Mary _ right.3.Either you or I_going to work there.4.Not only the students but also their teacher _happy.5.There _some sheep and a child over there.isisamisareThere be _ A _ and _ B _Either _A_ or_ B _Neither_A_nor_B_Not only_A_but also_B_动词Thinking makes Thinking makes you cleveryou clever就近原则就近原则1.Behind the house _(be)some trees.2.Every student and every teacher _(come)to school on time in the morning.3.No man and no woman _(like)these shoes.4.He or she _(have)gone there.5.What he said_(sound)reasonable.6.“I”_(be)the ninth letter.Can you work them out?Can you work them out?arecomeslikeshassoundsisTrue gold fears not the fire.找出各句中的错误找出各句中的错误1.A number of students has seen the film.2.This kind of apples taste very good.3.Not only my classroom but also my teacher are fond of sports.4.The Greens has returned to England.5.Those who only thinks of themselves can never be happy.6.When each person come in,they must show their tickets.have tastesishavethinkcomesThink carefully7.Ten thousand pounds are a lot of money.8.Mary likes many other girls likes dancing.9.We are Chinese.You two are German.10.The singer and dancer look very young.11.Fish and chips are my favourite.12.Nobody but the twin sisters know the secret.I can make itislikeGermanslooksisknows主谓一致主谓一致意义一致意义一致就近原则就近原则It has three same letters,the letter is in the word“desk”,it begins with“t”,people use it to talk with their friends.Sum upSum upA riddle1、主谓倒装句，动词应与其、主谓倒装句，动词应与其的主语一致。的主语一致。2、“一段一段”，“一段一段”，“一些一些”作主语时，动词用单数。作主语时，动词用单数。3、几分之几作主语时，动词由其后面的、几分之几作主语时，动词由其后面的或代词或代词 决定。但决定。但one and a half 作主语时，动词用单数。作主语时，动词用单数。4、定语从句的动词与其前面的、定语从句的动词与其前面的一致。一致。5、动名词，动词不定式作主语时，动词用、动名词，动词不定式作主语时，动词用。6、当主语后、当主语后with,together with,like,but,except,as well as 等介词词组时，动词依其等介词词组时，动词依其的主语而定。的主语而定。后后时间时间距离距离金钱金钱前前名词名词先行词先行词单数单数主谓一致在英语句子里，谓语受主语支配，其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这就叫主谓一致。寻其规律，大致可归纳为三个原则，即语法一致、逻辑意义一致和就近一致原则。一、语法一致原则语法上一致就是谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。1.以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式；主语为复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。2.由连接词and或bothand连接起来的合成主语后面，要用复数形式的谓语动词。如：LucyandLilyaretwins./SheandIareclassmates./Theboyandthegirlweresurprisedwhentheyheardthenews./BothsheandheareYoungPioneers.3.主语为单数名词或代词，尽管后面跟有with，togetherwith，except，but，like，aswellas，ratherthan，morethan，nolessthan，besides，including等引起的短语，谓语动词仍用单数形式；若主语为复数，谓语用复数形式。4.either，neither，each，every或no+单数名词和由some，any，no，every构成的复合不定代词，都作单数看待。如：Eachofushasanewbook./Everythingaroundusismatter.二、逻辑意义一致原则逻辑意义一致就是谓语动词的数必须和主语的意义一致（因有时主语形式为单数，但意义为复数；有时形式为复数，但意义为单数）。1.what，who，which，any，more，all等代词可以是单数，也可是复数，主要靠意思来决定。如：Whichisyourbag？/Whichareyourbags？/Allisgoingwell./AllhavegonetoBeijing.2.表示“时间、重量、长度、价值”等的名词的复数作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式，这是由于作主语的名词在概念上是一个整体，如：Thirtyminutesisenoughforthework.3.表数量的短语“oneandahalf”后接复数名词作主语时，其谓语动词可用单数形式（也可用复数。如：Oneandahalfapplesis（are）leftonthetable.4.算式中表示数目（字）的主语通常作单数看待，其谓语动词采用单数形式。如：Twelvepluseightistwenty./Fifty-sixdividedbyeightisseven.5.一些学科名词是以ics结尾，如：mathematics，politics，physics以及news，works等，都属于形式上是复数的名词，实际意义为单数名词，它们作主语时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。如：Thepaperworkswasbuiltin1990./Ithinkphysicsisnteasytostudy.三、就近一致原则在英语句子中，有时谓语动词的人称和数与最近的主语保持一致。1.当两个主语由eitheror，neithernor，whetheror，notonlybutalso连接时，谓语动词和邻近的主语一致。如：Eithertheteacherorthestudentsareourfriends./Neithertheynorheiswhollyright./Isneitherhenortheywhollyright？2.therebe句型be动词单复数取决于其后的主语。如果其后是由and连接的两个主语，则应与靠近的那个主语保持一致。如：Therearetwochairsandadeskintheroom.注意：Here引导的句子用法同上。