四极考试写作.ppt

大学英语四极考试写作l评分标准作文满分为15分,写作时间30分钟，字数不少于120字。2分条理不清，思路紊乱，语言支离破碎或大部分句子均有错误，并且多数为严重错误。5分基本切题，表达思想不够清楚，连贯性差，有较多的严重错误。8分基本切题，表达思想比较清楚，文字尚连贯，但语言错误较多。11分切题，表达思想清楚，文字连贯，但有少量语言错误。14分切题，表达思想清楚，文字通顺，连贯较好，基本上无语言错误。0分白卷。l其命题方式：给出题目规定情景给出段落首句续写给出关键词写短文看图作文应用文写作（信件）l过渡性词语(1)1“起”的过渡词now,nowadays,atpresent,first,firstly,firstofall,inthefirstplace,inrecentyears,recently,itgoeswithoutsayingthat,2“承”的过渡词second,secondly,then,besides,indeed,third,thirdly,moreover,furthermore,certainly,obviously,truly,especially,particularly,inaddition,whatismore,whatisworse,forexample,forinstance,infact,inotherwords,atthesametime,+3“转”的过渡词however,nevertheless,otherwise,yet,but,or,whereas,inspiteof,instead,ontheotherhand,incontrast,onthecontrary,conversely,4“合”的过渡词therefore,thus,hence,inshort,inbrief,inaword,inconclusion,asaresult,asaconsequence,consequently,aboveall,atlast,finally,eventually,afterall,tosumup,ingeneral,generallyspeaking,onthewhole,ashasbeennoted(如前所述),asIhavesaid,(如我所述)l例句及正确书写方法：lGenerallyspeaking,ashorterschooldaywouldbenefitbothstudentsandteachers.l过渡性词语过渡性词语(2)：1.表示举例(exemplification):for example,forinstance,asanexample,asanillustration,suchas2.表示比较(comparison):similarly,likewise,inthesameway,equallyimportant,incommon3.表示对照(contrast):onthecontrary,ontheotherhand,otherwise,unlike,in contrast,whereas,conversely,bycontrast4.表示让步(concession):although,nevertheless,however,butadmittedly,eventhough,inspiteof5.表示原因(cause):because,because of,as,since,for,owingto,dueto,onaccountof,asaresultof6.表示结果(result):thus,so,consequently,hence,therefore,accordingly,as a result,as aconsequence,onthataccount7.表示强调(emphasis):chiefly,especially,indeed,infact,certainly,particularly,actually,8.表示列举(enumeration):first,second,inthefirstplace,firstofall,tobeginwith,inthesecondplace,furthermore,moreover,foronething,foranother9.表示总结(summary):inconclusion,inshort,inbrief,insummary,onthewhole,名言及谚语lToopenabookisalwaysbeneficial.开卷有益。lKnowledgeispower.知识就是力量。lAllroadsleadtoRome.条条道路通罗马。lMorehaste,lessspeed.（六级）欲速则不达。lAgoodbeginningishalfdone.良好的开端是成功的一半。lHewholaughslastlaughsbest.谁笑到最后，谁笑得最好。lTimeismoney.一寸光阴一寸金。lTimeandtidewaitfornoman.岁月不等人。lWheninRome,doastheRomansdo.入乡随俗。lHealthiswealth.健康就是财富。lItsnevertoolatetolearn.活到老，学到老。lEasiersidethandone.说来容易做时难。lReapwhereonehasnotsown.不劳而获。lPridegoesbeforeafall.骄者比败。lPracticemakesperfect.（四级1997-1）熟能生巧。lOpportunityknocksatthedooronlyonce.机不可失，失不再来。lWherethereisawill,thereisaway.有志者，事竟成。lStrikewhiletheironishot.趁热打铁。lAfriendinneedisafriendindeed.患难见知己。lSelf-trustisthefirstsecretofsuccess.自信是成功的第一秘诀。lNeverputoffuntiltomorrowwhatcanbedonetoday.今天的事情今天做。lAfriendiseasierlostthanfound.朋友易失不易得。lAgoodmedicinetastesbitter.良药苦口。lLookbeforeyouleap.三思而后行。lFailureteachessuccess.失败是成功之母。lActionsspeaklouderthanwords.事实胜于雄辩。lEverycoinhastwosides.事情都是一分为二的。（每个硬币都有两面。）解释和阐述性语句：解释和阐述性语句：1.The change in mainly results from(arisesfrom)thefactthat2.One may trace(attribute)this trend(problem)to,butitdoesntanswerthequestionof3.Onemayregardthephenomenonasasignof(responseto)4.Therearemanycauses(reasons)forthisdramaticgrowth.First,second,Finally5.Anumberoffactorscouldleadto(accountfor)thechangein.6.Anothercontributoryfactorofis7.Whydo(did,are)?ForonethingForanotherPerhapstheprimaryreasonis(onereasonis.,Anotheris,Perhapstheprimaryreasonis)8.is also responsible for the rise(decrease)inl用于比较的语句：用于比较的语句：1.TheadvantagesofAoutweighanybenefitwegainfromB.2.GoodasAis,ithasitsowndisadvantages.Foronething，it，Foranother,it3.Although A has much(enormous,considerable,adistinct)advantageof,itcannotcomparewithBin4.AsadvantagemeansnothingwhenBsadvantagesareconsidered.l用于反驳的语句：用于反驳的语句：1.Although everyone believes that,I wonder（doubt）whether the argument bears muchanalysis.2.As opposed to widely held ideas,I believe(argue,think)that3.Although the popular idea(belief)is that,acurrentstudy(survey)indicatesthat4.They may be right about,but they seem toneglect(fail)tomention(consider)thefactthat5.Althoughitiswidelyacceptedthat,itisunlikelytobetruethat6.Itistruethat,butitdoesntfollow(thisisnottosay,itdoesntmean)that7.Thereisinfactevery(absolutelyno)reasonforustobelieve(accept,reject,resist)that8.Whatthesepeoplefailtoconsider(understand,mention)isthat9.Youmaythink(argue,say)thatItisquiteanothertosaythatl描写图片或数据的语句：描写图片或数据的语句：1.In1990,itincreasedfromto2.The figure has nearly doubled,compared with(asagainst)thatoflastyear.3.By comparison with 1998,it decreased fromto4.Ithasincreasedalmosttwice(sixtimes,twoandahalftimes),comparedwith5.Thenumberistwice(4times,half)asmuchasthatof1990.6.Ittakesup(accountsfor)percentofthetotal.7.The number was,less than(more than)a half(third,quarter)ofthe1990total.l文章开头常用的语句：文章开头常用的语句：1.When asked about,(when it comes to,facedwith,),most(many)peoplebelievethat,butotherpeopleregardas(considerdifferently).2.When asked about,(when it comes to,facedwith,),Somebelievethat,whileothersclaimthat3.There is a general discussion today about theproblemof.,ThosewhocriticizearguethatTheybelievethatButpeoplewhoadvocate,ontheotherhand,arguethat4.MostpeopleareoftheopinionthatButinspiteof,Ipersonallybelievethat5.Nowpeopleingrowingnumbersarebeginningtorealizethat6.Now,it is generally acknowledged that,theybelieveButIdoubtwhetherl文章结尾常用的语句：文章结尾常用的语句：1.Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove,wemaysafelydrawtheconclusionthat.2.Takingintoaccountallthesefeatures,.3.Judgingfromallevidenceoffered,4.Itishightimethatweplacedgreatemphasisonthedevelopmentof5.Itishightimethatweputanendtothephenomenonof6.Followingthesesuggestionsmaynotguaranteethesolution of,but the pay-off will be worth theeffort.7.Itisnecessarythateffectiveactionsshouldbetakentopreventthesituation.l写作注意事项1字迹工整，整洁2字数不能少于120字3分段（一般三段）4每段围绕一个中心句展开写作（学会将主题句发展成段落）5全文人称保持一致6全文时态保持一致7正确使用固定句型8选择适当的过度性词语（使用表示起，承，转，合的词组）9没有明显的语法或拼写错误10至少检查三遍全文