提高英语书面表达的方法和技巧.ppt

英语书面表达的英语书面表达的解题要求解题要求1.切中题意、覆盖所有的语言要点 2.语言准确、得当3 条理清楚、行文连贯4.高分(21-25分)要求:较多地使用较复杂的结构或较高级词汇 具备较强的语言运用能力英语书面表达题六十字解题要诀英语书面表达题六十字解题要诀 书面表达题 审题要仔细 格式应正确 把握时和体 条理弄清楚 要点不漏遗 全文要连贯 不可中式译 结构多文采 优作准无疑英语书面表达的解题要领（一）英语书面表达的解题要领（一）1.认真审题 切中题意 书面表达题提供情景的方法不外乎四种:图画、图表、提纲、短文。不论那种方法，我们在审题时，一定要全面、准确地把握所提供的信息。首先要弄清所写的内容、体裁、格式以及具体要求，只有理解题意，才能抓住写作要点。英语书面表达的解题要领（二）英语书面表达的解题要领（二）2、把握时态 语言得当正确使用动词的时态、语态是书面表达的重点。在高考阅卷中，对时态、语态的错误扣分是很重的！尽量多用习语 忌用中式英语 常见错误举例分析常见错误举例分析一、动词错误一、动词错误There wereThere were hundreds of students couldn hundreds of students couldnt go to t go to school because they were poor.school because they were poor.He wouldnHe wouldnt t able toable to work out the problem.work out the problem.He He managed tomanaged to swim across the river,but swim across the river,but failed.failed.Wei Fang fell from the tree and Wei Fang fell from the tree and her leg hurther leg hurt.He was put into prison for three years in his He was put into prison for three years in his thirties though he thirties though he hasnhasnt t done anything wrong.done anything wrong.I Ive ve delayed todelayed to return you the book return you the book English English UsageUsage,which you borrowed me two days before.,which you borrowed me two days before.常见错误举例分析常见错误举例分析(续续)二、中式英语二、中式英语He cost five yuan to buy a new He cost five yuan to buy a new dictionary.dictionary.Recently our village has taken place Recently our village has taken place great changes.great changes.The factory broke out a big fire last The factory broke out a big fire last Sunday.Sunday.Chinese population is many,Chinese population is many,I was very difficult to refuse and had to I was very difficult to refuse and had to receive her invitation.receive her invitation.常见错误举例分析（续）常见错误举例分析（续）三、结构错误三、结构错误He wrote about 300 stories,He wrote about 300 stories,some of themsome of them had been translated into Chinese.had been translated into Chinese.Each year many people die and Each year many people die and are hurtare hurt on on road accidents.road accidents.We should teach children We should teach children dondont t play and play and ride bikes on the road.ride bikes on the road.英语书面表达的解题要领（三）英语书面表达的解题要领（三）3、紧扣要点 条理清楚 可先在认真审题的基础上尽量用英语列出提纲。这样就不容易遗漏要点。叙述时，一般可按照提示语的先后，参照时间、事件、图画逐一叙述(如句式需要，也可适当调整语序)，就比较容易地达到“条理清楚”的要求。英语书面表达的解题要领（四）英语书面表达的解题要领（四）4、连贯流畅 书写规范 确当地使用关联词语，使句子间的逻辑关系更加明确，使整篇文章条理清楚，连贯流畅，例如：句子连贯的相互关系举例句子连贯的相互关系举例He was interested in EnglishHe was interested in English and and in maths in maths as wellas well.(递进递进)Hurry up,Hurry up,or elseor else you youll miss the last bus for the ll miss the last bus for the school.(school.(转折转折)WeWed like a single small house,d like a single small house,whereaswhereas they would they would rather live in a flat.(rather live in a flat.(对比对比)EitherEither you must improve your work,you must improve your work,oror I Ill fire ll fire you.(you.(选择选择)It must have been raining all night,It must have been raining all night,forfor all the all the roads are wet.(roads are wet.(解释解释)There seemed to be no chances of success,There seemed to be no chances of success,thereforetherefore,all of them went away.(,all of them went away.(结果结果)To sum upTo sum up,all your efforts will be highly paid.,all your efforts will be highly paid.(总结总结)常用关联词语举例常用关联词语举例1.1.表示并列或递进表示并列或递进:and,as well,as well as,both:and,as well,as well as,bothand,not and,not onlyonlybut also,neitherbut also,neithernor;nor;2.2.表示选择表示选择:or,either:or,eitheror;or;3.3.表示转折表示转折:but,however,nevertheless:but,however,nevertheless（然而）（然而）,although,though,although,though,or else,otherwise,after all,by the way,incidentallyor else,otherwise,after all,by the way,incidentally（换言（换言之）之）;4.4.表示因果表示因果:because,as,since,for,for this reason,so,as a:because,as,since,for,for this reason,so,as a result,thus,hence,therefore,accordingly(result,thus,hence,therefore,accordingly(因此因此););5.5.表示条件表示条件:if so,unless,provided that:if so,unless,provided that（假如）（假如）on condition on condition thatthat（如若）（如若）;6.6.表示对比表示对比:while,whereas,instead,not:while,whereas,instead,notbut,on the contrary,but,on the contrary,on the one handon the one handon the other hand;on the other hand;7.7.表示解释表示解释:for example,for instance,such as,e.g.,that is,:for example,for instance,such as,e.g.,that is,that is to say,namely,viz,ie,in other words;that is to say,namely,viz,ie,in other words;8.8.表示顺序表示顺序:to begin with,for one thing,firstly,first(of all),:to begin with,for one thing,firstly,first(of all),second(ly),next,later,soon afterwards,since then,from second(ly),next,later,soon afterwards,since then,from then on,lastly,finally,in the end;then on,lastly,finally,in the end;9.9.表示强调表示强调:also,besides,furthermore,moreover,what:also,besides,furthermore,moreover,whats more,s more,certainly,actually,in fact,as a matter of fact;certainly,actually,in fact,as a matter of fact;10.10.表示结论表示结论:to sum up,in all,altogether,in a word,in short,:to sum up,in all,altogether,in a word,in short,generally speaking,as is known to all.generally speaking,as is known to all.英语书面表达的解题要领（五）英语书面表达的解题要领（五）5、注意文采 妙用结构 一、变化开头一、变化开头A group of children with beautiful flowers in A group of children with beautiful flowers in their hands were marching in front of the parade their hands were marching in front of the parade.Marching in front of the parade wereMarching in front of the parade were a group of a group of children with beautiful flowers in their hands.children with beautiful flowers in their hands.二、巧用构词法二、巧用构词法He drove the car back out of the garage,then He drove the car back out of the garage,then drove away with great speed.drove away with great speed.He He backedbacked the car out of the garage and the car out of the garage and spedsped away.(away.(转化法转化法)Just like a bird in the sky,he could over look Just like a bird in the sky,he could over look the whole city from the TV tower,which was 218 the whole city from the TV tower,which was 218 metres tall.metres tall.From the From the 218-metre-tall218-metre-tall tower,he could have tower,he could have a a birdbirds-eye views-eye view of the whole city.(of the whole city.(合成法合成法)英语书面表达的解题要领（五续）英语书面表达的解题要领（五续）三、运用分词或介词结构三、运用分词或介词结构When she heard the news,she began to cry.When she heard the news,she began to cry.HearingHearing the news,she the news,she burst out cryingburst out crying At the news,she burst into tears At the news,she burst into tears.The woman carried a baby in her arms and got on The woman carried a baby in her arms and got on the bus.the bus.With With/Carrying a baby in her arms,the woman Carrying a baby in her arms,the woman stepped onto the bus.stepped onto the bus.Mr Smith was invited by Nanjing University,Mr Mr Smith was invited by Nanjing University,Mr Smith went to make a speech on DNA.Smith went to make a speech on DNA.Invited byInvited by Nanjing University,Mr Smith went to Nanjing University,Mr Smith went to give a lecture on DNA.give a lecture on DNA.英语书面表达的解题要领（五续）英语书面表达的解题要领（五续）四、运用倒装、强调手法四、运用倒装、强调手法The boy was so brave that he led the enemy into The boy was so brave that he led the enemy into our ring of encirclement(our ring of encirclement(包围包围).).So brave wasSo brave was the boy the boy that he led the enemy that he led the enemy into our ring of encirclement(into our ring of encirclement(包围包围).).I did not realize the importance of learning I did not realize the importance of learning English well until then.English well until then.Not until then didNot until then did I realize the importance I realize the importance of learning English well.of learning English well.It was not until then thatIt was not until then that I realized the I realized the importance of learning English well.importance of learning English well.技技 巧巧1.使用较高级的词汇使用较高级的词汇3.使用恰当的连接词使用恰当的连接词词汇反映你知识贮存量的多少，也是衡量英语水平的一个重要标志。运用得当的句子结构可以给文章增色不少，从而使整篇文章因此而生辉。使用恰当连接词，对写一篇有“英语味”的文章很重要，能使文章上下衔接自然、紧凑。增强书面表达效果的技巧增强书面表达效果的技巧2.使用较丰富的句式使用较丰富的句式1.Becausetheweatherwasgood,ourjourneywascomfortable.2.Weallthinkheisagreatman.3.SuddenlyIthoughtoutagoodidea.4.Thestudentsthereneedntpayfortheirbooks.5.Asaresulttheplanwasafailure.The plan turned out to be a failure.Thanks to the good weather,ourjourneywascomfortable.一、怎样使用较高级的词汇一、怎样使用较高级的词汇Weallthink highly of him.A good idea occurred to me./A good idea suddenly struck me.Books are free for the students there.6.Whensheheardhehaddied,shewentpalewithsorrow.7.ShewenttoAustriainordertostudymusic.8.Whenhespoke,hefeltmoreandmoreexcited.9.Inourschool,therearetwenty-sixclassrooms.10.Youcanfindmyhouseeasily.ShewenttoAustria for the purpose of studying music.At the news of his death,shewentpalewithsorrow.The more he spoke,the more excited he felt.Our school is made up of twentysix classrooms.Youll have no trouble finding my house.1Whenhearrives,pleasegivemeane-mail.（使用V-ing形式）.2.Tohissurprise,thelittlegirlknowssomanythings.（使用名词性从句）3.ThoughImweak,Illmaketheeffort.(使用倒装句)4.Hedidnotknowwhathadhappeneduntilhehadreadthenewsinthenewspaper.(使用强调句型)On his arriving,please give me an e-mail.What surprises him is thatthe little girl knows so many things.二、怎样使用较丰富的句式二、怎样使用较丰富的句式Weak as I am,Ill make the effort.It was not until he had read the news in the newspaper that he knew what had happened.On one side oftheroadthereisanewclassroombuilding.On the other side,wheretheplaygroundusedtobenowstandsanothernewbuildingourlibrary.(NMET1999范文)As far as I know,everyoneishappyaboutthisnewarrangementofthings.(NMET2001范文)Whats more,Icangotobedearlier.(NMET2001范文)三、怎样使用恰当的连接词三、怎样使用恰当的连接词联合国教科文组织某考察团正在我国某乡村参观考察。假定你是接待人员,请根据下列提示以发言稿的形式简要介绍这个村的情况：1)大小：近100户人家，约500口人。2)变化：过去很穷，78年后变化很大。人们生活比以前好多了。现已旧貌换新颜。3)教育：原来的学校很小，现已经过改建。新建的教学楼有4层，是村里最美的建筑物。村所有学龄儿童在此免费就读。注意：1）要点齐全，前后连贯。2）词数：100-120之间。书面表达：书面表达：Ladiesandgentlemen,Welcometoourschool.Thisvillageisverysmall.Ithasnearly100familiesandabout500people.Itusedtobeverypoor.Ithaschangedalotsince1978.Peopleherearericherthanbefore.Nowitistakingonanewlook.Theschoolherewasverysmall.Nowithasbeenrebuilt.Thenewlybuiltteachingbuildinghas4storeys.Itisthemostbeautifulbuildinginthevillage.Alltheschool-agechildrencanstudyhere.Theyenjoyfreeeducationinit.Thankyou.Ladiesandgentlemen,Welcometoourschool!Ladiesandgentlemen,Welcometoourschool!Thisvillageisverysmall.Ithasnearly100familiesandabout500people.Itusedtobeverypoor.Ithaschangedalotsince1978.Peopleherearericherthanbefore.Nowitistakingonanewlook.Thisvillageisa small one with/which hasnearly100familiesandabout500people.Itusedtobeverypoor.However,ithaschangedalotsince1978 and has been developing very fast.Peopleherelive a much better lifethanbefore.书面表达书面表达：Nowitistakingonanewlook.Inthepast,theschoolherewasverysmall.Nowithasbeenrebuilt.Thenewlybuiltteachingbuildinghas4storeys.Itisthemostbeautifulbuildinginthevillage.Alltheschool-agechildrencanstudyhere.Theyenjoyfreeeducationinit.Thankyou.Inthepast,theschoolherewasverysmalland most children couldnt afford to go to school.Butnowithasbeenrebuiltand which has 4 storeys is the most beautiful one inthevillage.Alltheschool-agechildrencanstudyhere.Whats more,theyenjoyfreeeducation.May you enjoy your stay herethenewlybuiltteachingbuilding/May you have a pleasant time here!Thankyou.Ladiesandgentlemen,Welcometoourschool!Thisvillageisa small one with/which hasnearly100familiesandabout500people.Itusedtobeverypoor.However,ithaschangedalotsince1978and has been developing very fast.Peopleherelive a much better lifethanbefore.Nowitistakingonanewlook.Inthepast,theschoolherewasverysmalland most children couldnt afford to go to school.Butnowithasbeenrebuiltandthenewlybuiltteachingbuildingwhich has 4 storeys is the most beautiful one inthevillage.Alltheschool-agechildrencanstudyhere.Whats more,theyenjoyfreeeducation.May you enjoy your stay here/May you have a pleasant time here!Thankyou.看图写话的写作要领看图写话的写作要领1.仔细审图 (特别注意时间、地点、方位、物品、颜色、数字、性别等)2.提纲立目(一般用key words列出要点)3.连词成篇4.检查润饰 1)要点是否遗漏要点是否遗漏?2)动词是否用错动词是否用错?3)语言是否得当语言是否得当(有否拼写错误有否拼写错误)?4)全文是否连贯全文是否连贯?。下面四幅图描述了你班同学上周的一次研究性活动。请你根据图画内容用英语写一篇短文,在某英语刊物上介绍这次活动情况One possible version Last week,we did research into how laid-off Last week,we did research into how laid-off workers get their new jobs.We had a discussion in workers get their new jobs.We had a discussion in three groups and then began our research three groups and then began our research separatelyseparately.Group One surfed on the Internet and learned Group One surfed on the Internet and learned that most of the laid-off workers had already got that most of the laid-off workers had already got their new jobs.In the vocational training centre,their new jobs.In the vocational training centre,the students in Group Two the students in Group Two were toldwere told that there were that there were five training courses for laid-off workers.After five training courses for laid-off workers.After training,they began training,they began working asworking as repairers,cooks,repairers,cooks,typists,household workers and salespersons.The typists,household workers and salespersons.The other students interviewed some laid-off workers other students interviewed some laid-off workers whowho had got new jobs.A woman said,had got new jobs.A woman said,“With the help ofWith the help of the city government,Ithe city government,Ive found my job.ve found my job.”What a great deal weWhat a great deal weve learned through the ve learned through the research!research!关于图表的英语书面表达的写作要领关于图表的英语书面表达的写作要领1.审读图表(一般用key words列出要点)2.提纲立目3.连词成篇4.检查润饰 1)要点是否遗漏要点是否遗漏?2)动词是否用错动词是否用错?3)语言是否得当语言是否得当(有否拼写错误有否拼写错误)?4)全文是否连贯全文是否连贯?请根据下列表格的内容，阐述一下你对减少城市人口的看法。建议项具体措施目 的1A.晚婚B.一对夫妇一个孩子减少人口自然增长（人口出生率）2严格控制外地人进城务工经商减轻外地人口对城市的压力3A.在郊区，建造生活、商业、文教、卫生、娱乐休闲生活小区B.在城市的县里建造卫星城吸引城市居民到郊区和卫星城工作和生活。Our modern city is too crowded,and to solve the problem,I have three suggestions.First of all,practise the policy of“Late Marriage”and“One Couple,One child”so as to reduce the birth rate.Secondly,the city government must have a tight control of people entering cities to engage in trade or do various physical jobs in order to reduce the pressure on the city caused by the increasing population.Finally,more and more people suggest that living blocks with shopping centers,school,hospital as well as cinemas and theatres or even satellite towns should be built in the city suburbs or the countries round the cities.In this way city citizens will be encouraged to move there.If these three suggestions are well carried out,the city population will be greatly reduced.书面表达书面表达(满分满分2525分分)某某中中学学生生英英语语报报社社正正开开展展一一场场题题为为“Young Young teachers teachers or or elderly elderly teachersteachers，which do you prefer?which do you prefer?”请你依据下面表格所提供的要点写一篇短文，向该报社投稿。请你依据下面表格所提供的要点写一篇短文，向该报社投稿。老年教师老年教师青年教师青年教师教学耐心讲解细致经验丰富教学耐心讲解细致经验丰富精力充沛教学活泼勇于创新精力充沛教学活泼勇于创新你的观点你的观点?注注意意：1 1词词数数100100左左右右，开开头头语语已已为为你你写写好好，不不计计入入总总数数；2 2短短文必须包含表格的全部内容。要求观点明确，结构合理，紧凑连贯文必须包含表格的全部内容。要求观点明确，结构合理，紧凑连贯学生作品学生作品1：Comparewithyoungteachers,Ipreferelderlyteachers.Therearesomereasonsbelow.Foronething,mostofelderlyteachersarepatientinteaching.Theynotonlysparenoefforttoteachthestudents,butalsogiveclassescarefully.Theywilldoalltheycantomakethestudentsunderstandtheteachingcon