教育专题：it用法上课.ppt

It is never too old to learn.活到老活到老,学到老。学到老。It is no use crying over spilt(溢出的溢出的)milk.覆水难收。覆水难收。It takes three generations(代代)to make a gentleman.十年树木十年树木,百年树人。百年树人。It is a silly fish that is caught twice with the same bait（鱼饵）（鱼饵）.智者不上两回当。智者不上两回当。Proverbs(谚语谚语)with“It”A：The use of“it”一、一、用作人称代词用作人称代词,代表前面提到的人或事物代表前面提到的人或事物1）Look at the picture._ is a picture of our school.It 二、用于代替指示代词二、用于代替指示代词this 和和that。-Is this jacket yours?-Yes,_ is.it三指代性别不详的婴幼儿或在不计较性指代性别不详的婴幼儿或在不计较性别时，也可用别时，也可用itit来指人。如来指人。如ThechildsmiledwhenitsawitsmotherIdontknowwhoitis-Look,someoneiscoming.Whocanitbe?-Itmaybetheheadmaster.-Itcantbehim.HehasgonetoShanghai.-ItmustbeMr.Zhang.Helooksliketheheadmaster.四、用以表示时间、距离、天气、气候、四、用以表示时间、距离、天气、气候、季节、环境等季节、环境等1)It is half past eight now.2)Its only half an hours walk from here to our school.3)I hope that it will be fine tomorrow.4)It has rained much this year.5)Its spring now.6)Its quiet here.Time Distance Weather Weather Season Circumstance 五。五。it,it,oneone和和thatthat作替代词的用法及区作替代词的用法及区别别it,one和和that虽然都可以用来替代前面所提到的虽然都可以用来替代前面所提到的一个单数名词一个单数名词,以避免重复以避免重复,但在具体用法上却有但在具体用法上却有不同。不同。简述如下简述如下:1.it代替前面提到的代替前面提到的同一事物同一事物Thenewsthattheyfailedtheirdrivingtestdiscouragedhim,_?A.didtheyB.didnttheyC.diditD.didntit答案:D2.one代替前面提到的同类事物中的一个。代替前面提到的同类事物中的一个。该事物该事物只能是可数名词单数只能是可数名词单数,前面可以有冠前面可以有冠词词,也可以被也可以被this、that或形容词修饰或形容词修饰,其后其后也可以有定语。也可以有定语。-Whydontwehavealittlebreak?-Didntwejusthave_?A.itB.thatC.oneD.this答案:C3.that代替前面提到的同类事物中代替前面提到的同类事物中特指特指的一的一个。该事物既个。该事物既可以是可数名词单数也可以可以是可数名词单数也可以是不可数名词是不可数名词，可用，可用of短语作后置定语短语作后置定语,但但不可以有前置修饰语。不可以有前置修饰语。Fewpleasurescanequal_ofacooldrinkonahotday.A.someB.anyC.thatD.those答案:C It is amazing to see grandad is still fit at 82.His long and active life must be due to the healthy life he lives.However,like many other adolescents,his grandson is addicted to smoking now.It was easy for him to begin smoking.But now he thinks it tough to quit smoking,for his body has been accustomed to nicotine.So grandad tells the harmful effects of smoking and warns him that when he realizes he is unfit,it will be too late.Find out“it”sentences What are the use of“it”?preparatory Subject It is amazing to see grandfather is still fit at 82.It was easy for him to begin smoking.He thinks it tough to quit smoking.It will be too late.preparatory Object time,weather,distanceIt is amazing to see grandfather is still fit at 83.It was easy for him to begin smoking.Discovering the sentence structure It is a rule to keep silent in the meeting.It is a duty to help others.B:Preparatory SubjectIt is+It is+n+to do sth.adj（for/of sb)+to do sth.1.代替动词不定式做主语代替动词不定式做主语1)It be adj.(for sb.)to do sth.此处此处adj.通常为描述事件的形容词通常为描述事件的形容词:easy,difficult,necessary,important,possible,dangerous,right,wrong,legal,useful,useless,It is illegal to drive a car without a license.2)It be adj.of sb.to do sth.此处此处adj.通常为描述人的形容词通常为描述人的形容词:kind,nice,rude,polite,cruel,considerate,thoughtful,careful,careless,foolish,stupid,clever,wise,crazy.Eg.Its kind of you to help me with the problem.1.Itisveryconsiderate(考虑周到的）_youtoremindme.2.Itisnecessary_thestudentstoknowsomelearningmethods.3.Itispossible_himtocomeheresoon.offorforQuit/stop drinking?Tough!Complete the“it”sentencesgive up drinking,hard,it is,for themIt is hard for them to give up drinking.It is tough for them to _.quit drinkingIt is+adjn+to do sth.See!A big hen ploughing!It is a surprise _.(看到如此大的一只母看到如此大的一只母鸡鸡是一件很惊是一件很惊讶讶的事情的事情)to see so big a hen It is a wonder _.to see a big hen ploughingIt is no goodno use _(cry over spilt milk).Oh!My milk is spilt(溢出溢出).crying over spilt milkIt is+_+doing sth.no useno good1.It is amazing that at my age I am still fit.2.It is a wonder that he is still alive.3.It is said that smoking can cause cancer.Discover other“it”structures It is+adj(for/of sb)+to do sth.It is+n to do sthIt is+no useno good/a waste of time+doing Try It is believed that _(popular than).It is interestingan interest that _.Xiao Shenyang wears womens clothesXiao is more popular than Zhao3.代替主语从句作形式主语代替主语从句作形式主语It is clear(obvious,true,possible,certain necessary,strange)that 该句型中该句型中it 是形式主语是形式主语,真正的主语是真正的主语是that 引导的主语从句引导的主语从句,常译为常译为“清楚清楚(显然显然,奇怪，可能奇怪，可能)”,是主语从句最常见的一种结构。是主语从句最常见的一种结构。e.g.It is very clear that he is tall.It is necessary that you should apologize to her.It is adj.+从句从句It is said(reported/believed/well-known/thought.)that.该句型中的该句型中的it 仍是形式主语仍是形式主语,真正主语是真正主语是that 引导的主语从句引导的主语从句;该结构常译为该结构常译为“据说据说(据报道据报道,据悉据悉)”。It is said that he has come to Beijing.It is believed that he had stolen the car.It is v-ed that It is+noun+从句从句 It is a pity(no wonder/a shame/an honor/a good thing/a fact/a surprise/.)that.该句型中该句型中,that后的从句一般用虚拟语气后的从句一般用虚拟语气(should+动词原形动词原形),should可省去。表示可省去。表示出乎意料出乎意料,常译为常译为“竟然竟然”。没有这种意义时。没有这种意义时,则不用虚拟语气。如：则不用虚拟语气。如：It is a pity that such a thing(should)happen in your class.这种事竟然发生在你们班上这种事竟然发生在你们班上,真是遗憾！真是遗憾！It is a pity that you cant come.你不能来，真是遗憾！你不能来，真是遗憾！Its no wonder that she always achieve high grades.难怪她总是的高分。难怪她总是的高分。4.It+verb(worry/surprise/interest/annoy/amaze/please-)+sb+从句从句Eg.Itworriedmethatshedrovesofast.Itsurprisedusthathefinishedthejobinsuchashorttime.她开车开得这么快让我很担心。她开车开得这么快让我很担心。他在这么短的时间里完成了工作，实在让我们吃惊他在这么短的时间里完成了工作，实在让我们吃惊C、it作形式宾语作形式宾语 当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式、动名词，宾语当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式、动名词，宾语从句时从句时,往往把宾语放在它的补足语后面，而用往往把宾语放在它的补足语后面，而用it 作形式宾语作形式宾语,放在宾语补足语之前。放在宾语补足语之前。该句型中的该句型中的it 作形式宾语作形式宾语,常用的动词有常用的动词有think,believe,make,find,consider,feel等。等。thinkfind-+I think important to make a summary in time.I find a good habit that we make a summary in time.How can we learn English well?1).我我认为认为每天每天读读英英语语很重要。很重要。(think it to do)2).我我发现发现我我们们多多说说英英语语很有帮助。很有帮助。(find itthat)3）我）我们认为们认为躺在床上看躺在床上看书书没好没好处处。I think it important to read English every day.I think it no good reading in bed.it+adjn+to doingthatititPreparatory ObjectIthinkitnousearguingwithhim.I find it helpful that we speak English as much as possible.it作形式宾语的特殊句型结构动词+it+if/that/when动词有喜欢类：enjoy,like,appreciate,prefer 讨厌类：hate,dislikeI would appreciate it if you paid in cash.I like it when my mother is happy.I hate it when people talk with their mouths full.其他类：其他类：seetoitthat,oweittosbthat,rely/dependonitthat,takeitforgrantedthatEg:Pleaseseetoitthatyoubringenoughmoneywhenyougoout.Youcancountonitthathewillhelpyou.Donttake it for grantedthatIshoulddoitIowe it tohimthatIfinishedmyworkintime.1.Ilike_intheautumnwhentheweatherisclearandbright.A.thisB.thatC.itD.oneit是形式宾语，在句中无实意，只是指代句子后面现象：天气晴朗。解析解析2.Youmaydependon_thatyourparentswillhelpyouwheneveryouneedit.AthemByourselfCitDme3.-Doyoulike_here-Oh,yes.Theair,theweather,thewayoflife.Everythingissonice.A.thisB.theseC.thatD.itit在这里作形式宾语，无实际意义。而A、B、C须指代具体的东西。解析解析D、it 常用的固定搭配常用的固定搭配 1.make it在口语当中相当于在口语当中相当于succeed,表示表示:成功、成功、做到、说定、赶上、及时到达做到、说定、赶上、及时到达 如如:I wonder if they can make it.我在想他们是不是能办得到。我在想他们是不是能办得到。Most of the time they make it.很多时候他们真的做到了。很多时候他们真的做到了。2.take it easy 相当于相当于Dont worry or dont hurry.用来劝告用来劝告别人别人,表示表示“不要慌不要慌,别担心别担心,沉住气沉住气”Take it easy！He will do it well.3.It all depends/that all depends 在口语中在口语中,相当于相当于it hasnt been decided yet,表示表示“那那得看情况得看情况,还没有定下来还没有定下来”Are you going to the countryside for holiday?It/That all depends.4.Its up to sb.在口语中在口语中,相当于相当于its decided by sb.表示表示“由由决定决定,由由负负责责,取决于取决于”Shall we go out for dinner？Its up to you.高考链接高考链接1.He didnt make _ clear when and where the meeting would be held.(天津天津2007)A.this B.that C.it D.these 2._ is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger,more Prosperous(繁荣的）繁荣的）economy.(浙江浙江2006)A.As B.ThatC.This D.ItCD3.The doctor advised Vera strongly that she should take a holiday,but _ didnt help.(2005全国全国)A.it B.she C.which D.he4.Id appreciate _ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.(山东山东2006)A.thatB.it C.this D.youAB5.It was _ he came back from Africa that year_ he met the girl he would like to marry.(江西江西2009)A.when;then B.not;untilC.not until;that D.only,when6.It was along the Missippi River _Mark Twain spent much of hid childhood.(天津天津2008)A.how B.which C.that D.whereCCExercises:1.I hate _ when people talk with their mouths full.A.it B.that C.these D.them 2.In which play is _ your brother will appear?A.that where B.this when C.it that D.it where3._ the harder you work,the better result youll get.A.Its believed that B.What we believed that C.Its fact D.What the fact isACA4.Nothing can stop us,_?A.cant it B.can it C.cant we D.can we5.-Can you tell us how the war was won in the end?-I dont know,_.A.Its hard to say B.It doesnt matter C.Its no use saying D.It depends on the workBA6.Does _ matter a lot whether she will come here by bus or by taxi?A.The thing B.that C.it D.her mother7.-Listen!Someone is unlocking the goods.-_ must be your father coming back from Beijing.A.It B.There C.That D.ThisCA8.-Have you written a letter to her?-No,but Im going to write _ tonight.A.it B.that C.those D.one10._ now pretty late,we took candles and went upstairs.A.Being B.For C.For being D.It beingDD11.The teacher told the students _.A.why to learn English important B.why was it important to learn English C.why it important to learn English D.why it was important to learn English12.The TV sets made in China are much better than _ in Japan.A.that B.those C.them D.itDB13.Our food and service are better than _ used to be.A.it B.we C.they D.them14.-Im looking for a flat.-Would you like _ with _ garden?A.it;the B.it;a C.one;a D.one;the15._ four years since I joined the Army.A.It was B.It is C.There is D.There wasCCB