高考英语备考故事类与说明文阅读理解专题.docx

高考英语备考故事类与说明文阅读理解专题一One dilemma that the super famous face is balancing the needs of privacy and recognition. For some stars privacy is an overvalued thing.In 1919,Douglas Fairbanks and Mary Pickford went on their European honeymoon. The two international idols had divorced their previous spouses and were concerned about how they would be greeted.They needn't have worried.In London their car was surrounded by admiring women who pulled Mary out of the car to shake her hand,still grateful after two years for her efforts selling war bonds（债券）.In Paris they couldn't get any sleep with crowds gathering below their hotel room to sing and play for them.In Amsterdam they attended a party and were mobbed by other guests who wanted to get close to them. The athletic Fairbanks placed his wife on his shoulder and escaped through the window.Finally,they found privacy in Hamburg,where their movies were not shown because of World War I.For an hour the famous newly-married couple walked on the streets unnoticed until bored Mary turned to her husband and said,"Doug,I'm sick of this.Let's go back to one of those countries where they mob us."Joan Crawford had similar feelings. Once in the 1930s she was staying in New York getting over her breakup with Clark Gable.Tired of staying around her hotel feeling so down,she told her entourage they should go out and get some fresh air. The entourage, who had trouble keeping up with the star's quick pace,were shocked when she walked away from their planned road."Oh my God. She's going into Grand Central Station!"Someone shouted,"Look,it's Joan Crawford! And she was mobbed."It took them thirty minutes to escape the crowd and get back to their hotel suite. Her hair disheveled, her dress torn and her face scratched, Crawford leaned against the door out of breath."Oh, oh my! That was wonderful.Let's do it again!"1.What did Douglas and Mary worry about before going to Europe?A. Nobody would greet them. B.They wouldn't be welcomed. C.Their war bonds wouldn't sell well. D.Their schedule would be made public.2.What does Mary's words in the second paragraph suggest?A.Hamburg was too quiet a place for her. B.Her movies weren't shown in Hamburg. C.She fell ill after arriving in a new place. D.She didn't really enjoy privacy so much.3.What did Joan Crawford think of her being mobbed in New York?A.Amusing. B.Enjoyable. C.Dangerous. D.Embarrassing.4.What are the two stories intended to convey?A. Stars may feel down from time to time. B.Stars deserve people's love and respect. C.Stars need both privacy and public attention. D.Stars are not always popular around the world.二In 2013, Deegan was trying to take control of her life after winning the fight against drinking. She did quit, but she was having difficulty reconnecting with people. Even looking someone in the eyes proved to be difficult. “I was sort of like a shell of a person and just didn't really have many life skills or self-confidence, ” Deegan said. However, baking was something that always brought her joy as a child. One day while helping out in the neighborhood, Deegan picked up a handheld mixer and started baking. “My life was just out of control, but baking is such a controlled thing, where if you take the right steps and follow the directions, you'll get a pretty exact result, ” she said. Deegan started bringing her homemade baked cookies to people's homes, which helped her reconnect with people. “Feeding people is such a universal love language, ” she said. However, she was still trying to figure out how to find a career at 27 years old. She had no real work experience and she couldn't put “quit drinking'” on her resume. Deegan's life shifted in 2015. Encouraged by her friends, she challenged herself to see if she could sell just one pie. She sold dozens! She began baking out of her tiny apartment and eventually launched an official business in 2017. She spent four years developing a pie crust cookie recipe, which has since become the bread and butter of her business. “People have been walking, running and lining up to get cookies, and it's just been so magical seeing that, ” she said. When she needs more help, Deegan says she looks for anyone who is just excited to work, even if they don't have any experience. After her own struggle, she realized that the desire to work was better than having a certain skill set. And she became a second-chance employer, hiring women out of prison or the shelter system. “You just have to walk through the door and be ready, willing and able and excited to show up and work and you've got a job, ” Deegan told the reporter. 1. What was Deegan mainly struggling with in 2013?A. Emotion management. B. Interpersonal relationship. C. Work-life balance. D. Alcohol addiction. 2. What prepared Deegan for her bakery business?A. Working previously in the baking industry. B. Seeing people running to get cookies. C. Wanting desperately to gain total control. D. Offering baked food out of goodwill. 3. According to paragraph 4 and 5, what is special about Deegan and her business?A. She achieved success through baking. B. She was ambitious about her business. C. She has an open-door employment policy. D. She only hired inexperienced workers. 4. Which of the following best describes Deegan?A. Creative and smart. B. Persistent and receptive. C. Honest and optimistic. D. Kind and easy-going. 三Caterpillars (毛毛虫) are entry-level animals. If you live somewhere where grass grows, theyre there, kid-size and kid-friendly. And they are searchable: as long as you have access to a tree and have enough patience, you will find them.But I didnt. I grew up around concrete in New York City, a place that isnt treeless, but itsentirely possible to forget things such as the existence of trees. I didnt remember ever meeting, let alone discovering an actual caterpillar. But I did know one. He was the very hungry caterpillar.Everyone I knew knew the very hungry caterpillar, the star of Eric Carles award-winningpicture book. Carle, who died at 91, introduced him in 1969; by the time I was first discovering the book in the late 1980s, I had been in the second generation of kids to meet him. In Carles collages (拼贴画), he was blank-eyed but beautiful.The caterpillar doesnt have a name; he just has a hunger for food. The journey of the book takes him through the colorful products of the human world. After an initial bite of an apple, a snack you might find in the forest, he moves on to the glories of civilization: a piece of Swisscheese, a slice of salami (意大利香肠), a chocolate cake . For a kid, these are the wonders ofthe world.In an interview, Carle said, “The Very Hungry Caterpillar is a book of hope. You can also grow up and grow wings.” Look at that: We did! We were hungry; we were curious; we took pleasure in exploring; we appreciated. Last week, my good friends baby turned 1. I sent him this book. He lives in Vermont, so he can know caterpillars from trees. But has he met salami?1.What does the author mean by saying “I didnt” in Paragraph 2?A. She wasnt able to get close to nature.B. She was unable to have access to actual trees.C. She failed to meet and discover a real caterpillar.D. She didnt have the patience to search for a caterpillar.2.What do we know about The Very Hungry Caterpillar?A. It has deeply affected two generations so far.B. It mainly tells a story about a curious writer.C. It was well received by those around the author.D. It became available to the public in the late 1960s.3.What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 4?A. Give a brief description of the book.B. Introduce a new topic for discussion.C. Summarize the previous paragraphs.D. Add some background information.4.Why did the author send the picture book to her friends baby?A. To assist him in knowing more of salami.B. To help him to explore the outside world.C. To arouse the babys curiosity about Italy.D. To inspire him to have a sense of adventure.四As I wash dishes at the kitchen sink, my husband, Scott, paces behind me, annoyed. “Have you seen my keys?” he asks. In the past I would have turned off the tap and joined the hunt while trying to comfort my husband. But that only made him angrier. Now, I focus on the wet dish in my hands. I dont turn around. I dont say a word. Im using a technique I learned from a dolphin trainer.For a book I was writing about animal trainers school, I started spending my days watching professional trainers do the seemingly impossible: teaching dogs to dance on command and chimps to skateboard. Eventually it hit me that the same techniques might work on that stubborn but lovable species, the American husband. The central lesson I learned is that I should reward behaviour I like and ignore behaviour I dont. After all, you dont get a sea lion to balance a ball on the end of its nose by talking. The same goes for the American husband.I began thanking Scott if he threw one dirty shirt into the laundry basket. If he threw in two, Id kiss him. I was using what trainers call “approximations”, rewarding the small steps toward learning a whole new behaviour. With Scott the husband, I began to praise every small act every time: if he drove just a mile an hour slower, or was on time for anything.I followed the students to Sea World San Diego, where a dolphin trainer introduced me to Least Reinforcing Scenario (L. R. S.). When a dolphin does something wrong, the trainer doesnt respond in any way. The idea is that any response, positive or negative, fuels a behaviour. If a behaviour causes no response, it typically dies away. It was only a matter of time before he was again searching for his keys, at which point I said nothing and kept at what I was doing. It took a lot of discipline to maintain my calm, but results were immediate. I felt as if I should throw him a small fish.1. What can we infer about the writer?A. She treats her husband like animals.B. She often quarrels with her husband.C. She behaves differently to her husband.D. Shes determined to learn from the dolphin.2. How did the writer get the idea of treating her husband?A. By rewarding her husband. B. By writing a book on animals.C. By focusing on washing the dishes. D. By watching professional training.3. What will happen if the trainer doesnt respond to the dolphins mistake?A. It will forget the mistake.B. It will feel embarrassed.C. It will remember its mistake. D. It will repeat the wrong action.4. What is the tone of the text? A. Serious. B. Humorous. C. Aggressive. D. Doubtful.五It is an unpleasant extinction that will change the world and how people communicate: within 20 years, two thirds of all the planets languages will be dead.Experts agree that nothing can stop it happening but one academic is trying her hardest to slow it down. Professor Antonella Sorace is one of a growing number who believe learning a second language has enormous untapped benefits for the human brain. This is true not only for young children but also for adults and people at risk from dementia (痴呆) where research consistently shows that learning a new language could delay the start of the disease for four to five years a better result than with any medication to date.It is those benefits of bilingualism (双语) that should encourage us to preserve and protect Europes minority languages Gaelic, Manx, Cornish and Ulster Scots, she says.Already her work and the project she founded three years ago in Edinburgh, Bilingualism Matters now expanding across Europe and in the US have convinced the Scottish government to introduce languages to primary schools. From 2023 all Scottish children will be learning a language other than English in their first year at school, with two other languages to be introduced later.Bilingualism Matters is also working to encourage businesses to consider the benefits of their staff learning languages. “In business, people say English is the language of business, why would I need to learn another language?” said Sorace. “Maybe it would mean you could do better business.”Just as disappearing forests take with them secrets of undiscovered medicines, disappearing languages can take the key to a longer and better quality of life. The first battle is to unpick the popular assumption that bilingualism might damage childrens brains. There were even suggestions it could encourage schizophrenia (精神分裂症).Study after study has shown the opposite to be true, says Sorace. “These prejudices are deeply rooted, but we are perhaps halfway to persuading people that the brain can cope. Then we have to persuade people that it is actually of benefit.”1. What will happen to the majority of the worlds languages?A. They will become extinct in decades.B. They will be learnt by more academics.C. They will prevent the risk of dementia.D. They will help people better communicate.2. Whats Bilingualism Matters intended to do?A. Find a replacement for English.B. Teach businesses marketing skills.C. Promote minority language learning.D. Influence governments policy making.3. Whats the top priority in preserving minority languages?A. Getting rid of peoples fear for mental illnesses.B. Finding the key to promoting peoples welfare.C. Unlocking the secrets of undiscovered medicines.D. Correcting the misconception about Bilingualism.4. Which can be the best title for the text?A. The benefits of BilingualismB. The founding of Bilingualism MattersC. A new challenge facing language teachingD. A professor fighting to save minority languages六“Medicine, law, business, engineering, these are noble pursuits, and necessary to sustain life. But poetry, beauty, romance, love, these are what we stay alive for. ” This is dedicated to my first-year self four years ago, who was addicted to getting good grades, and failed to seek the happiness found in everything else that college has to offer. Like some people, I grew up with a family that valued academics over all else, who gave you a little extra love when you were doing great in your classes, and took it away when you didnt. As a result, my self-worth became tied to my academic success. As an international student, I sometimes felt our parents didnt quite understand the heavy academic weight.There is a difference between trying to always better yourself for yourself, and simply putting too much on your plate until you burn out from attempting to live up to certain expectations. We should all strive to do the former, but unfortunately our mindsets have been always wired to follow the latter. I used to believe school killed the creative spirit inside all of us, but as I get older and further into my academic career, I find that it is we who ma