Unit6基础知识以及语法点梳理-牛津上海版英语七年级下册.docx

课 题7B Unit 6 Hard work for a better life基础知识以及语法点梳理教学内容Step1: Key Words 1. hurry up“快点”。如：Hurry up, or you will be late. 快些，不然要迟到了。（1）hurry to “赶往某地”，如：Betty hurried to the garden. 贝蒂急忙奔向花园。（2）in a hurry“匆忙地；仓促地” Nothing is ever done in a hurry.谚匆匆忙忙是办不成事的。（3）hurry away“匆匆离去”。2. fall (fell-fallen) v. “倒下；跌下；落下”fall down 倒下；落下 fall over 摔倒；跌倒fall off 从掉下fall behind 落后；落在的后面3. hit v. “打；敲；撞；击中”。 The truck hit a rock. 卡车撞在一块石头上。（1）hit sb in the face/on the head意为“打某人的脸/头” Eg: Simon hit Jack in the face. 西蒙打了杰克的脸4. while n. “一会儿，一段时间”Eg: It took a long while to do the work. 做这个工作花了许多时间。Dont worry, your brother will come back after a while. 别担心，你兄弟一会就会回来。for a while 一会儿in a short while 不久after a while一会儿后once in a while 有时，偶尔5. start vt. / n. 开始1) start to do / doing sth.2) 不能用start doing的情况-start的进行时态后：I am starting to get angry.-start后面出现的动词表示感情或思想(understand, wonder, realize)：I started to understand that he really wanted.6. end vt. / n. 结束1) end n. at the end of, in the end, come to an end2) ending n. 结尾 a happy ending7. drop v.(dropped / dropping) 1)vi. 降低，减少： Eg: The temperature has dropped since last week. 2) vt. (使）落下;（使）掉下： Eg: I dropped the letter into the mail-box. 3) n. 一滴；水滴；液滴 Eg: There is a drop of blood on your collar. 你的领子上有滴血4) rain drop雨滴(n.)drop by 顺道拜访 drop in on 顺便走访(某人) drop in at 顺路拜访(某处)8. nothing pron. 没有什么；没有东西1). Nothing: 只能指物，表示“没有什么（东西）”。不可与of短语连用，作主语时，谓语动词只能用单数形式.2).None: 既可指人又可指物，意为“没有任何人或物；一个人也没有”，其后可与of短语连用，作主语时，谓语动词用单数或复数均可。常用来回答how many或how much引导的问句。3).No one= nobody意为“没有人”，常用于指人而不能用于指物，因而常用来回答who的提问。它不能与of连用。-How many books are there in the bag? -None-Who is in the room? -No one/Nobody. -Whats in the fridge? -Nothing.9. disappointed adj. 失望的；沮丧的1).disappoint v.使失望，使沮丧(let sb. down) E.g:Im sorry to disappoint you. 2) disappointing adj. 令人失望的；令人扫兴的： E.g The film was built up to be a masterpiece(杰作), but I found it very disappointing.V-ed: 形容人（感到.）：excited, interestedV-ing: 形容物（令人.）: exciting, interesting10.think vi. 想， 认为(thought-thought)1) n. thought 想法2) think of和think about表示“考虑；对有某种看法”时，可以互换。Eg:What do you think of/about the TV play? 你认为那部电视剧怎么样？(3) think of意为“打算；想出；关心”时，一般不与think about互换。Eg: Helen, are you thinking of marrying Tom? 海伦，你打算嫁给汤姆吗？ Who thought of the idea? 谁想出的这个主意？ Lei Feng was always thinking of others. 雷锋总是为别人着想。(4) think about意为“思考；研究”时，一般不能和think of换用。 I often thought about what you said. 我常常回想你说过的话。 I'Il think about your suggestion, and give you an answer tomorrow. 我会考虑你的建议，明天给你答复。(5) think over意为“仔细考虑”。Eg: Think over, and you'll find a way. 仔细考虑一下，你就会有办法的。11. out of. (1)表示地点（从里向外）：Fish can not live out of water. 离开了水，鱼就不能活。(2)表示动作或运动的方向： They walked out of the supermarket. 他们走出了超市。(3)表示部分关系：This will happen in nine cases out of ten. 这种情况十之八九会发生。(4)表示“在范围以外；越出界限”：The ship is out of sight. 船已驶出了视野范围。(5)表示“出于动机；由于原因”：The traffic accident was out of carelessness in driving. 这起交通事故是由于粗心驾驶所致。(6)表示竭尽或缺乏：We are (run) out of tea. 我们的茶叶用完了。(7)表示材料或来源：This paragraph is out of Marx's works. 这一段引自马克思著作。(8)与某些动词连用，表示“放弃；丧失”：He talked his wife out of buying a new bicycle. 他说服妻子不买新自行车了。out of action (失去作用；停止运动) out of fashion/date(过时了)out of breath(上气不接下气) out of kindness（出于好意）out of control(失去控制) out of order(不整齐；次序颠倒)out of shape(变形) out of ones power(力所不及)out of doubt(确定无疑) out of place(不适当，不相称)out of question(毫无疑问) out of work(失业)out of the question(不可能；成问题)Step2: Grammar1. The holidays are ending. 假期就要结束.-这里的end作为短暂性动词用进行时表示将来时的。表示预计要发生。位置移动的词:come, go, leave, move, start, arrive, begin, returnAlice is leaving for the USA on Friday. 艾丽斯星期五要去看牙医。 -也可使用一般现在时表示将来的含义，不过仅限于一些时间表、节目单、列车的出发或到达时间等，用于通常都有固定时间安排的情况。 The train arrives at 7:30 p.m. 列车将于晚上7点半到达。 What time does the film finish?电影几点结束？2. Its interesting to see them flying around the flowers. 能看到它们（指蝴蝶）飞舞在花丛中真是很有意思。(1) “It is+形容词十(for sb.)to do something”表示“做某事怎么样”。 It is dangerous for children to play in the street. 在街上玩耍很危险。 如果be动词后面接指有关人的赞美或批评的形容词（如：clever，kind，foolish等）时，动词不定式前常加一个ofIt is very kind of you to come and meet us. 你来接我们真好。(2) see sb. do sth:“看见某人做了某事”,表示动作的整个过程。 see sb. doing sth:“看见某人正在做某事”,表示动作正在进行3) 类似的感官动词有：hear, watch, notice, look at, listen to(4) 在see sb. do sth结构中， 如果改为被动语态， ”to”需要还原。Tom often hears his brother sing in the bathroom.His brother is often heard to sing in the bathroom.3. When spring comes, I'll work hard like you. 等到春天来了，我也会像你一样勤奋地工作时间状语从句.时间状语从句是表示时间关系的从句结构。它由when, as , while, before, after, as soon as, since, until 等词引导，遵循“主将从现”的原则。(1) When there is a gentle breeze, we can see people flying kites in the countryside. 当有微风的时候，我们能看到人们在乡村入风筝。(2) Please phone me as soon as you get home. 请一到家就给我打电话。(3) While he was making a model ship, the door bell rang. 当他正在制作船的模型时， 门铃响了。学科网（北京）股份有限公司