中考英语复习专题复习一名词 学案.docx

专题复习一-名词了解名词的含义和分类及用法 名词的概念：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如：door, apple, China, air等。名词分为：_名词和_名词两大类。普通名词又分为_名词和_名词两种。考点一：不可数名词1、不可数名词包括物质名词和抽象名词，它们不能直接和表示数字的词或不定冠词连用，也没有_形式。常考的不可数名词有：news（新闻）, information（信息）, 建议_, 天气_, 家庭作业_, 时间_, 钱_, 纸_，音乐_等。2、不可数名词可以借助_来表示一定的数量。但也可以用much（许多）, some/any（一些）, a little(一点点),little (几乎没有) plenty of（很多） , a lot of(=lots of)（许多）等修饰不可数名词。一则新闻：a piece of news ; 两瓶水：two bottles of water ; 四条建议_ ; 六张纸_ ；你能借给我一些钱吗？Could you lend me_?【中考真题再现】( ) 1. All the _ are made of _ , not plastics. A. glass; glass B. glasses, glass C. glasses , glasses D. glass, glasses( ) 2. Jenny gave us _ on how to improve English. A. some advices B. many advices C. some advice D. an advice考点二：可数名词单数变为复数的几条规律1、一般直接加-s: 比如：girl-_ map-_2、以-s, -x, -sh, -ch结尾的单词常在词尾加es: 比如：bus_ brush-_3、以辅音字母+y结尾变y为i，再加es: 比如： story-_ baby-_4、以-o结尾的名词变复数常有下列2种变化：【口诀：黑人和英雄正在吃士豆和西红柿。】说明：Negro(黑人)，hero(英雄),potato(土豆)，tomato(西红柿)，这四个名词变复数时，在词尾加-es。其它以o结尾的名词一般加-s,radio_ zoo_ kangaroo_(袋鼠) photo_(照片) kilo_(千克)5、以“f”和“fe”结尾，一般改 f 或fe 为v,再+es【口决：树叶多半自己黄，妻子拿刀去割粮。架后窜出一只狼，就像盗贼逃命忙。】说明：leaf(树叶)，half(半)，self(自己)， wife (妻子)，knife(刀子)，shelf(架子)，wolf(狼)，thief(盗贼)，life(生命) 这九个名词变复数时都要变f或fe为v, 再加-es。比如: leaf_ half _ myself_ wife_ knife_6、【可数名词变复数名词的不规则变化】1)改变单数名词中的元音字母或其它形式。foot_ (脚) tooth-_ (牙齿) goose_ (鹅) woman -_ (女人) man -_ (男人) child -_ (孩子) mouse -_ (老鼠) 与man 和woman构成的合成词，两部分都要变成复数形式。e.g.: woman doctor -women doctors（女医生） man drivermen drivers (男司机)2)巧记某国人单复数常有下列三种变化。Chinese (中国人)- _ Japanese(日本人) -_ 将man 变为men Englishman-_ Frenchman-_其余全在后面加s German-_ American-_Indian_Canadian-_Australian-_【口诀：中日友好是一致，英法联盟a变e, 余国词尾添s。】【中考真题再现】( ) 1. They are from _ . Theyre _.A. Germany; Germans B. Germans ; Germany C. German; Germany D. Germany; Germen( ) 2. -Could you take _ for these_? - They are very beautiful. A. any photos; tomatoes B. some photos ; tomatoes C. some photos; tomatos D. any photo; tomatoes( ) 3. How many _ are there in the international village? A. Chinese B. Russian C. American D. Germen注意：有些名词只有复数形式。people (人们) trousers (裤子) clothes (衣服) pants (长裤) shorts (短裤)glasses (眼镜) socks (袜子) shoes (鞋子) scissors(剪刀)有些名词虽然以s结尾却表示单数。如：news (消息，新闻) grass（草） politics (政治) physics (物理) 7. 名词做定语 作定语的名词用单数（man和woman除外）1. 1）一棵香蕉树 五棵香蕉树 一位男教师 七位男教师 2）Its said that more than 100 will attend this meeting in Shanghai.A man teachers B woman teachers C men teachers D womans teachers2. a shoe shop一家鞋店 a bike factory 一家自行车工厂01. _ the teachers in their school is about 200 and one fourth of them are _ teachers. A. A number of; women B. A number of; woman C. The number of; women D. The number of; woman02. What kind of porridge would you like, Alice?I would like _.A. egg porridge B. eggs porridge C. fish porridges D. fishes porridge03. There are three _ assistants in that _ shop.A. women, shoe B. woman, shoe C. woman, shoes D. women, shoes04. The music made me think of the _ of a running stream（溪流）. A. shout B. noise C. voice D. sound05. The boy didnt sleep well last night because of the _ from the factory. A. voice B. noise C. music D. song06. How well she sings! -Yes, she has a very sweet _. A. voice B. sound C. noise D. mouth07. Loud noise may cause hearing _ for a short time or even for ever. A. results B. questions C. accidents D. problems08. The food safety is a serious_ in our country. We should try to solve it. A. subject B. program C. problem D. opinion8“数词+名词单数” “数词+名词单数+形容词”构成复合形容词，做前置定语“数词+名词单数”做前置定语相当于时间名词的所有格形式三天的假期 1 2 六个月的英语课程1 2 “数词+名词+形容词”1 一个8/18/80/11岁的人 2一篇800词的作文 3.一座30米宽的桥 考点三：名词所有格名词所有格用来表示名词和名词之间的所属关系。意为：“的”名词所有格有几种形式： 名词+s ， 名词s ，名词+of+名词A)表示有生命的东西的名词所有格，一般在名词的词尾加“ s ”，(1)如果词尾不是以s 结尾，要加“ ” 这男孩的母亲 the _ mother 儿童节 _(2)如果词尾是以s 结尾，只加“ ”e.g.: 双胞胎的房间 the _ bedroom 教师节_ (3)表示时间、距离、国家、地点和自然现象等无生命名词的所有格也用“-s”的形式。todays paper 今天的报纸 two hours rest 两个小时的休息 Its about _ from school to her home every day. 每天从学校到她家需要十分钟的走路路程。(4)表示一件东西为多人共有，只需在最后一个人的名字后加s ; 若表示各自所有，则需在每个名字后都加 s ;e.g.: Alan and Bains computer (共同所有) _ very beautiful. (be) Alans and Bains computers(各自所有） _ very beautiful.(be) (5)表示某一事物与一个群体的所属关系，应用表这一群体的名词的复数形式。e.g.: a womens hat-womens hats 女士帽 a childrens doctorchildrens doctors 儿科医生 _ 女子学校 _男子俱乐部 _ 运动会B)表示无生命东西的名词所有格，一般以“of + 名词”的结构来表示。e.g.: (A) 教室的窗户_ (B) _ was broken. 房门坏了。C)双重所有格结构 即s结构和of结构相结合。a, an, some, any, no, another, several, this, these, that, those +名词of +名词性物主代词/+名词的s所有格 比如：我的一个朋友： a friend of mine（a+名词+of+名词性物主代词）布朗太太的一辆车： a car of Mrs. Browns（a+名词+of+名词的s所有格）D）有些名词用to来表示所有格。1)the key to the room 房间的钥匙 2)the answers to the following questions 下面问题的答案3) the way to the school 去学校的路 4）entrance to the theatre 戏院的入口5) a witness to an accident 事故的目击者 6) a ticket to the match 比赛的票【中考真题再现】( ) 1、The _ was too much for the child to carry. A. boxs steel B. box of a steel C. steel box D. box of the steel ( ) 2、_ are big and bright. A. The classroom window B. The window of the classroom C. The windows of the classroom D. The classrooms windows( )3.I dont think looking after children is just work.A woman B womans C women D womens中考怎么考？1. Its a wise _ to wear the white tie. It matches your shirt well. A. agreement B. support C. choice D. condition 2.Whats your favorite season?I like best. Its a good time to have a swim in hot weather. 3.How many (visit) come to Jingzhou every year?More than one million, I think. 4.Did your mother do anything special on your birthday?Yes. She made me a cake in the _ of a heart. A. height B. shape C. style D. number初中英语名词专项练习题一可数名词的复数规则变化 1. map_ girl_ pen_ bag_ car_ 2. bus_ brush_ watch_ box_ 3. baby_ city_ country_ 4. hero_ potato_ zoo_ tomato_ photo_ 5. knife_ leaf_ wolf_ wife_ life_ 二可数名词复数不规则变化 6. child_ _foot_ tooth_ mouse_ man_ 三国人单复数变化 7. German_ Englishman_ Chinese_ _ 四单复数同形 8. deer_ sheep_ yuan_ 中等题 1. There are two_ over there. (watch) 2. I like taking _. (photo) 3. l can see a _and two _ standing there. (man, woman) 4. There are two baskets of_ on the floor. (apple) 5. Look at those_. (child) 6. He doesn't like these_. (glass) 7. How many _can you see? (radio) 8. There are more and more _ drivers in Shanghai now. (woman) 9. Give me some _, please. (water) 含性别的复合名词 ( )1. There are twenty _ in our hospital. A. woman doctors B. women doctor C. women doctors D. woman doctor ( )2. _ are usually careful in doing exercises. A. Girl students B. Girls students C. Girls students D.Girls students 可数名词复数不规则变化 ( )1. -What are these? -They are _. A. deers B. radios C. Radioes D.tomatos ( )2. How many _ are there in these _? A. tomatos, photos B. tomatoes, photos C. tomatoes, photoes D.potatos,photoes ( )3. Mr. Chen has two _. A. tooths B. teeth C. teeths D.toothes ( )4. Here are _ for you, Sue. A. potatos B. some potatoes C. three tomatos D. some tomato ( )5. Then the _ began to eat the green _ of young trees. A. deer, leafs B. deer, leaves C. deer, leaf D. deers, leafs 国人复数变化专项 ( )1. I met some _ in the park and talked with them the other day. A. Japanese B. American C. Chineses D. English ( )2. - Excuse me, are you _? - Yes, Im from _. A. Japan, Japanese B. China, Chinese C. England, English D.American, America ( )3. A group of _are talking with two_ over there. A. Frenchmen, Germans B. Frenchmen, Germen C. Frenchmen, German D. Frenchmanes, Germans ( )4. Yesterday a few _ came to visit some_ in Shantou. A. German, places of interest B. Germans, places of interests C. Germans, places of interest D. Germen, places of interest。 ( )5. Two _ and five _ are studying Chinese at Beijing University. A. German, English B. Germans, English C. Germans, Englishmen D. Germen, Englishmen 复合名词 ( )1. The delicious dishes are cooked by _. A. women cookers B. women cooks C .woman cooks D. woman cookers ( )2. Julie went to the _ to buy a pair of shoes. A. shoes store B. shoes store C. shoe store D. shoes store 简单题 ( )1. After moving to their new house, the Lees bought some _ in the mall nearby. A. furniture B. chair C. table D. shelf ( )2. We havent got much _ for our picnic. Will you go and get some? A. apple B. tomato C. bread D. biscuit ( )3. He knows _ Chinese and has _ Chinese friends. A. much, many B. many, much C. much, much D. many, many ( )4. Im thirsty. I think Ill buy some _. A. water B. bread C. eggs D. apples ( )5. -Would you like some _? -Oh, yes, just（只） a little. A. pears B. oranges C. milk D. grapes ( )6. Look ! There are some _on the floor. A child B boxes C water D girl ( )7. There are many _ in the fridge. A. fish B. fruit C. eggs D. bread ( )8. Dont hurry! We still have _ time left. A. little B. few C. a little D. a few u 中等题 ( )1. Take some _ to school. Its so hot and you may feel thirsty. A. meat B. bread C. juice D. orange ( )2. We see many _ and _ on the hill. A. horses; sheeps B. horse; sheep C. horses; sheep D. horse, sheeps ( )3. -Could I have something to eat? -Sure. Heres some . A. chicken B. tomatoes C. orange D. Potato ( )4. There are _students playing in the playground. A. a great deal of B. a large amount of C. a large quantity of D. a number of ( )5. There is _milk and _apples in the fridge. Lets get some. A. little, a few B. little, few C. a little. few D. few. a little Ø 不可数名词 u 简单题 ( )1. Ive read _ sports news about the F1 race today. A. two B. pieces C. two pieces D. two pieces of ( )2. My teacher gave me _. A. a good advice B. some good advices C. some good advice D. good advices ( )3. Usually, young people have black _ and old people have white _. A. hairs, ones B. hair, one C. hair, ones D. hairs, one ( )4. Peter was busy with his work yesterday. He didnt get _. A. much sleep B. many sleeps C. more sleep D. most sleep ( )5. I think it is a wonderful _. A. work B. information C. idea D. news ( )6. Have you found some _ on the leaves? A. drops of water B. drops of waters C. drops water D. drop of waters ( )7. I want to buy _. A. two bottles of ink B. two bottle of ink C. two bottle of inks D. two bottles of inks u 中等题 ( )1. How many _ did you have for breakfast? A. loaves of bread B. loaves of breads C. loafs of bread D. loaf of bread ( )2. We are very happy with our _ in our studies. A. great progresses B. great progress C. many progress D. lot of progress ( )3. Please pass me _. I will correct them. A. the test paper B. some pieces of test paper C. the test papers D. some piece of test paper ( )4. Id like to have a glass of milk and _. A. two breads B. two pieces of breads C. two pieces of bread D. two piece of bread ( )5. He bought _. A. two pairs of shoes B. two pair of shoes C. two pairs of shoe D. two pair of shoe 抽象名词具体化 ( )1. They had _ climbing up to the top of the hill. A. good time B. the good time C. a good time D. good times ( )2. She has given us _. A. a great help B. many helps C. a large number of help D. a lot of help ( )3. I have to write _, but I have _ to write _. A. a paper, no paper, on B. paper, no paper, with C. a paper, not any papers, on D. a paper, not a paper, on 简单题( )4. This is _ room. A. Tom and Marys B. Toms and Marys C. Toms and Mary D. Tom and Mary ( )5. _ mothers couldnt go to the meeting, because they have gone to Chengdu. A. Li Lei and Lucys B. Li Leis and Lucys C. Li Lei and Lucy D. Li Lei and Lucy ( )6. _ came to visit us this morning. A. My father friend B. friend of my father C. A friend of my fathers D. One of my fathers friend ( )7. Its only ten _ break. A. minutes B. minutes C. minutes D. minutess ( )8. Tom won the boys _ race in our school sports meeting. A. 15000-metre B.15000-metres C.15000-metres D.1500 meters ( )9. Look at the shoes with adjustable heels. They are my _. A. sis