【课件】Unit3Grammar+and+usage表语从句课件-2022-2023学年高中英语牛津译林版选择性必修第三册.pptx

PredicativeclausesWhatdoyouknowaboutthegreathistorianSimaQian?Bornineither145or135BCE,duringChinasHandynasty,SimaQianis“thefatherofChinesehistory”.SimaQianwroteShiJi,ahistoryoftheworldknowntoChina.Lead-inReadtheessayonthegreathistorianSimaQianandanswer.1.Whatistheessayabout?TheessayisaboutthegreathistorianSimaQian.2.WhatgreatestachievementdidSimaQianmake?HewrotetheShiji(Records of the Grand Historian).3.WhatcontributedtoSimaQianssuccess?Hisfathersinfluence,hislearningandtravelingandhisperseverance.4.Howistheessaydeveloped?Theessayisdevelopedinchronologicalorder.SimaQian,oneofthegreatesthistoriansinChinesehistory,wasbornineither145or135BCE.Influencedbyhisfather,whowasalsoahistorian,SimaQiantookaninterestinhistorywhenhewasachild.HelearntChineseclassicsfromgreatliterarymasters,andattheageof20,hebegantravellingextensivelyacrossthecountry.Heinterviewedthelocalpeopletogetawiderangeofinformation.Learningandtravellingwereexactlywhathelpedhiminhislatercareerasahistorian.BelowisanessayonthegreathistorianSimaQian.Findthesentenceswithpredicativeclausesandfillintheboxbelow.Thefirstonehasbeendoneforyou.Exploring the rulesHisfathersdreamwasthatonedayhecouldwriteagreatmasterpiecerecordingwhathadhappenedinhistory.Afterhisfatherdied,SimaQiansucceededhisfatherasGrandHistorian,whichfacilitatedhisaccesstoofficialbooksandfiles.However,hisworkproveddifficult,becausesortingoutalltheavailableresourcesandcheckingfactsofhistoricalmaterialsrequiredpainstakingefforts.Hischiefconcernwaswhetherhecoulddohisjobmoreeffectivelyandefficiently.Ashecarriedonwithhiswork,somethingawfulhappenedtoSimaQian.Hewasputinprison,wherehesufferedalotofpainphysicallyandmentally.However,hewasnotdefeated.Heneverforgotabouthisfathersdream,ingoodtimesorbadtimes.Aftermorethantenyearsofhardwork,theShiji(Records of the Grand Historian),hismasterpiece,wascompleted.Working out the rulesWecanuseanounclauseasthepredicativeofasentence.Wecanusethattointroduceapredicativeclausewhentheclauseisa(1)_.Wecanusewhethertointroduceapredicativeclausewhentheclauseisa(2)_.Wecanusewhat,why,when,where,etc.tointroduceapredicativeclausewhentheclauseisa(3)_.statementyes-noquestionwh-questionDefinition表表语语从从句句在在复复合合句句中中作作主主句句的的表表语语，常常位位于于系系动动词词之之后后，用用来来说说明明主主语语是是什什么么或或怎怎么么样样。可可接接表表语语从从句句的的词除词除be外，还有外，还有appear,look,seem,sound,taste等。等。用来引导表语从句的词包括：用来引导表语从句的词包括：that/whether/because/asif/asthough等等who/whom/whose/which/what等等when/where/why/how等等that在从句中不充当成分在从句中不充当成分,无意义无意义,只起连接作用。只起连接作用。口语中口语中that常可省略。常可省略。e.g.Mypointisthatyoumayhavetofacetheproblem.Thetruthisthattheyarefullypreparedforthetrip.麻烦是我把他的地址（麻烦是我把他的地址（address）丢了。）丢了。Mysuggestionisthatwe_(tell)him.shouldtellPractice:1.由由从属连词从属连词引导的表语从句引导的表语从句ThetroubleisthatIhavelosthisaddress.在在表表“建建议议,劝劝说说,命命令令”的的名名词词(suggestion,advice,request,demand等等)后后面面的的表表语语从从句句中中，谓谓语语动动词词用用“should+动动词词原原形形”(虚虚拟拟语语气气)，should可省略可省略whether引导一般疑问句、选择疑问句和反义疑问句，意思是引导一般疑问句、选择疑问句和反义疑问句，意思是“是否是否”，陈述陈述语序。语序。e.g.Thequestioniswhetheritisworthdoing.Mydoubtiswhetherwecangetthereontime.(注意：注意：if不能引导表语从句。不能引导表语从句。)Practice:问题是我们是否可以依赖他。问题是我们是否可以依赖他。Thequestioniswhetherwecanrelyonhim.表语从句也可以由表语从句也可以由 asif/asthough引导，意思是引导，意思是“似乎、好像似乎、好像”e.g.Helookedasifhewasgoingtocry.Itseemsasthoughhedoesntknowtheanswer.asif/asthough引导的表语从句引导的表语从句如果如果是事实是事实，就用，就用陈述语气陈述语气；如如果果与与事事实实不不符符，就就用用虚虚拟拟语语气气(从从句句表表示示与与现现在在事事实实相相反反，谓谓语语动动词词用用一一般般过过去去式式；从从句句表表示示与与过过去去事事实实相相反反，谓谓语语动动词词用用had+过过去去分分词词；从从句句表表示示将将来来的的可能性不大可能性不大，用，用would/might/could+动词原形动词原形)。e.g.Helooksasifhewerearichman.Helookedjustasifhehadlookedtenyearsbefore.Itlooksasifitmightrain.because引导的表语从句常见于引导的表语从句常见于 This/That/Itis/wasbecause.句型中句型中e.g.Hewassenttothehospital.Thatsbecausehewasill.Thatsbecausewewereinneedofmoneyatthattime.Thatsbecause强调强调原因原因；Thatswhy强调强调结果结果1)Hefailedthemathexam.Thats_hewastoocareless.2)Hewastoocareless.Thats_hefailedthemathexam.becausewhy名词名词reason作主语时，表语从句用作主语时，表语从句用that而不用而不用because或或why引导引导Thereason_hefailedthemathexamis_hewastoocareless.thatwhye.g.TheproblemiswhowillwatermyplantswhenIamaway.Thequestioniswhoisresponsiblefortheaccident.ThatiswhatIwanttotellyou.Thatmountainisnolongerwhatitusedtobe.Theproblemiswhoseworkisthebest.Thequestioniswhichofusshouldgo.2.由由连接代词连接代词 (who/whom/whose/which/what等等)引导的表语从句引导的表语从句连接代词在表语从句中可充当主语、宾语、表语或定语，连接代词在表语从句中可充当主语、宾语、表语或定语，不能不能省略。省略。e.g.Whathewondersiswhentheycanfinishtheirwork.Hewasill.Thatswhyhewassenttothehospital.Thequestionishowhedidit.Thatiswherehewasborn.ThatswhereIfirstmether.3.由由连接副词连接副词(when/where/why/how)引导的表语从句引导的表语从句连接副词在表语从句中充当状语，可表时间、地点、原因等，连接副词在表语从句中充当状语，可表时间、地点、原因等，不能不能省略。省略。1.Thefactis_weshoulddependonourselves.2.Thecityisnolonger_itwastenyearsago.3.Thebestmomentforthefootballstarwas_hescoredthewinninggoal.4.Thisis_myfatherhastaughtmetoalwaysfacedifficultiesandhopeforthebest.5._surprisedmemostwas_hespokeSpanishsofluently.6.Allshesworriedaboutis_heisallright.7.Themostimportantthingis_wecangetthroughthedifficulttimes.8.Shelooks_shewereill.whenwhatwhatthatPracticeWhatthatwhetherhowasif1.Thetroublewas_wecouldmanageitourselvesornot.2.Anotheruniquehumancharacteristicis_wewalkupright.3.Thequestion,however,is_thisiswhatthedevelopingcountriesneedthemost.4.Thetroubleis_wehavenomoney.5.Fromspace,theearthlooksblue.Thisis_aboutseventy-onepercentofitssurfaceiscoveredbywater.6.Theonlyreasonformycomingis_Ihopedtoseeyouagain.7.Thebiggestquestionis_willtakechargeofthecompany.8.Libertymeansresponsibility.Thatis_mostmendreadit.thatwhetherbecausewhetherthatbecausewhowhy9.WhatpuzzlesLilysfriendsis_shealwayshassomanycrazyideas.10.Chinaisnolonger_sheusedtobe.11.Thequestionremains_theywillbeabletohelpus.12.Itappears_hehasatasteformusic.13.Itsounds_someoneisknockingatthedoor.14.WhatIwanttoknowis_helikesthegiftgivenbyus.15.Thatis_LuXunoncelived.whywhatwhether/whenthatasifwhetherwhereApplying the ruleswhichthatthatwhywhetherhowApplying the rulesthatthathowwhyAnswer the questions.1.WhatareincludedintheShiji?Itnotonlyincludesvividdescriptionsofhistoricalfigures,butalsolistsimportanteventsindifferentperiods.Moreover,itcoversadvancesinastronomy,music,thecalendarandsoon.2.WhatisoneofthemainfeaturesintheShiji?SimaQianusedvividstoriesinsteadofdryfactstopresentbiographies.3.HowdidtheShijiinfluencethewaytorecordChinesehistoryinyearstocome?Laterhistorianswrote23moreofficialhistoriesinasimilarformat.Rewritethesentencesusingpredicativeclauses.Attheageofeight,hestartedtraininginPekingOperaonadailybasis.TheageofeightwaswhenhestartedtraininginPekingOperaonadailybasis.HishardworkanddedicationmadehimaleadingartistinPekingOpera.HishardworkanddedicationwerewhatmadehimaleadingartistinPekingOpera.ThislifelongdevotionhasmadehimoneofthemostcelebratedPekingOperaartistsofalltime.ThislifelongdevotionwaswhathasmadehimoneofthemostcelebratedPekingOperaartistsofalltime.Writeashortparagraphtoexpressyourideas,suggestionsorhopetosaluteandlearnfromagreathistoricalfigurewithatleast5sentencesinpredicativeclauses.Homework