表语从句与同位语从句课件-高考英语复习.pptx
表语从句一 定义：在主从复合句中位于系动词之后作表语的从句叫作表语从句。系动词1.表状态：be 2.表感官：look,sound,smell,taste,feel3.表变化：become,grow,turn,fall,get,go,fall4.表持续,保持：keep,remain,stay5.表似乎,像：seem，appear6.其他：prove二 表语从句常用引导词：类别例例词说明明从属从属连词that,whether两者都不作成分，两者都不作成分，that无意无意义，whether表表“是否是否”之意，不能用之意，不能用if替替换，不能省略。，不能省略。连接代接代词what,whichwho,whom,(ever)whose,在从句中作主、在从句中作主、宾、表、定等成分、表、定等成分连接副接副词when(ever),why,where(ver),how,在从句中作状在从句中作状语其他其他because,as if/thoughas if/though 引引导的从句是事的从句是事实则用用陈述述语气，表虚气，表虚拟则用虚用虚拟语气。气。三 例句1.The most important thing is that we should find the shortest way to the hotel.2.The question is whether they will support the plan.3.The doubt is who has taken away the valuable painting.4.The girl is whom you will look after.5.You can be whoever you want to be.6.What I want to know is which road we should take.7.It was exactly what I needed.8.My watch didnt work.That is why I was late again.9.Thats where I first met her.10.The problem is how we do it.11.This is how things worked not very long ago.12.My concern is when the price of housing will decrease to the level we can afford.13.The problem is whose house it is.13.The teacher was angry.That was because he was late again.14.It looks as if/though it is going to rain.15.You looks as if/though you didint care at all.16.She looks after the baby as if/though he were her own child.四 注意事项1.why 和because引导的表语从句的区别:why后的句子时是结果，because 后的句子是原因。eg.I was late for school.That was because I stayed up too late last night.I stayed up too late last night.That was why I was late for school.2.若主语是表示“建议、命令、要求、计划（suggestion,advice,proposal,order,command,request,requirement,demand,plan）”等名词时，表语从句应用虚拟语气，即从句谓语动词用“should+do”的形式，should可以省略。eg.My suggestion is that we should set off early tomorrow.同位语从句一、定义 在主从复合句中，跟在一个名词后（尤其是抽象名词）对其作出进一步解释说明(其内容)的从句叫做同位语从句。能跟同位语从句名词一般是advice,doubt,fact,news,idea,truth,hope,problem,word,information,message,wish,promise,answer,evidence,report,explanation,suggestion,conclusion等抽象名词。eg.I was shocked at the news that our team won the game.I have no idea what he is doing now.二、同位语从句的引导词类别例例词说明明连接代接代词who,whom,what,which,whose,有意有意义，在从句中做主，在从句中做主宾表定表定连接副接副词when,where,how,why有意有意义，在从句中作，在从句中作时间地点方式原因状地点方式原因状语从属从属连词that,whether不做成分，不做成分，that无意无意义，whether为“是否是否”之意之意例句呈现1.I heard the news that our team had won.2.I come here with a message that he would be absent.3.The story goes that he was rescued at last.4.The rumer spread that a new school will be built here.5.He must answer the question whether he agrees with it or not.6.I have no idea who will go there.7.I have no idea which book you like best.8.I have no idea what size shoes she wears.9.We havent settled the question where we are going to live.10.I have no idea when he will come back home.11.You have no idea how worried I was.12.She has no idea why he burst into tears.三、注意事项分隔式同位语从句。当主句的谓语动词太短，而同位语从句又太长时，同位语从句与其所说明的名词会被其他成分分开，从而形成分隔式同位语从句，主要是为了保持句子平衡，避免头重脚轻。eg.Word came that we will have lessons on Saturdays名词suggestion,order,demmand,command,request,desire,proposal等名词后的同位语从句要用虚拟语气，即从句的谓语动词要用shuold do的形式，should可以省略。名词doubt之后课跟同位语从句，主句为肯定句用whether引导，主句为否定句时用that引导。eg.There is some doubt whether they will come to help us.There is no doubt that Taiwan belongs to China.同位语从句与定语从句的区别*同位语从句对前面的名词作进一步的解释说明或补充内容；定语从句对先行词修饰限定缩小其范围。*同位语从句所说明的名词通常为抽象名词；定语从句的先行词无此限制。*that 引导同位语从句在从句中不做成分没有意义不可省略，只起连接作用；that引导定语从句起连接作用在从句中充当主宾表成分，作宾语时可以省略。eg.He made a promise to his son that he would buy a bike for him.I still remember the promise that he made.
