新概念英语第一册 Lesson77-78 (3)课件.pptx
新概念英语第一新概念英语第一册学习讲义册学习讲义学习步骤:学习步骤:1,新单词学习,新单词学习2,课文的讲解以及阅读,课文的讲解以及阅读3,现场演示,现场演示4,问答环节,问答环节5,关键知识点的讲解,关键知识点的讲解1,一个月前我们有这样的鞋子,但是现在没有了2,这种鞋子看上去很不舒服3,她对伦敦不很熟悉,因此迷了路4,我可以向他问路。5,他把手伸进了衣袋,掏出了一本常用语手册Lesson77TerribletoothacheNURSE:Goodmorning.Mr.Croft.MR.CROFT:Goodmorning,nurse.Iwanttoseethedentist,please.NURSE:Doyouhaveanappointment?MR.CROFT:No,Idont.NURSE:Isiturgent?MR.CROFT:Yes,itis.Itsveryurgent.Ifeelawful.Ihaveaterribletoothache.NURSE:Canyoucomeat10a.m.onMonday,April24th?MR.CROFT:Imustseethedentistnow,nurse.NURSE:Thedentistisverybusyatthemoment.Canyoucomeat2p.m.?MR.CROFT:Thatsverylate.Canthedentistseemenow?NURSE:Imafraidthathecant,Mr.Croft.Cantyouwaittillthisafternoon?MR.CROFT:Icanwait,butmytoothachecant!QuestionstoAsk1,IsMr.Croftatthedoctorsoratthedentists?2,WhoisMr.Crofttalkingto?3,WhatdoesMr.Croftwanttodo?4,Doeshehaveanappointment?5,Whydoeshewanttoseethedentist?6,Howurgentisit?7,Canthedentistseehimnow?8,Whycantthedentistseehimnow?9,Whattimecanthedentistseehimtoday?10,CanMr.Croftwaittillthisafternoon?QuestionstoAsk1,AskmeifMr.Croftwantstoseethedentist?Who?2,AskmeifitsurgentWhy?3,AskmeifhecancomeonMonday?Whycant?4,Askmeifhemustseethedentistnow?Why?5,Askmeifhecanwaittillthisafternoon?Whycant?NewWordandexpressions生词和短语appointmentn.约会,预约urgentadj.紧急的,急迫的tillprep.直到为止1urgentadj.(1)紧迫的;急迫的:Theresanurgentmessageforyou.这里有你的一个要紧的口信儿。Thechildreninthatareaareinurgentneedofmedicalattention.那个地区的孩子们急需得到医疗方面的关注。2appointmentn.约会;约定:IhavemadeanappointmentwithDoctorSmithonnextTuesday.我与史密斯大夫约好了在下星期二见面。Whenisyourlunchappointment?你与别人共进午餐的约会定在什么时候?Onceyouvemadeanappointment,youshouldtrytokeepit.一旦你定好约会的事情,那么你应努力守约。Furthernotesonthetext1Iwanttoseethedentist,please.我想见牙科医生。我想见牙科医生。Iwanttoseesb.,please这一句式是表示想见某人时常用的句式之一。2haveanappointment(withsb.),(与某人)有约会。,(与某人)有约会。Ihaveanappointmentwithmydentistat3p.m.我已约定下午3点去看牙医。3Isiturgent?急吗?急吗?这里的it指“要见牙医”这件事。4Canyoucomeat10a.m.onMonday,April24th?您在您在4月月24日星期日星期一上午一上午10点钟来可以吗?点钟来可以吗?Canyoucomeat?这一句式通常用来约定见面时间。注意英语中的时间次序一般是由小到大,与汉语正好相反。又如:onJuly2nd,1988(在1988年7月2日),atsevenonJune3rd,1989(在1989年6月3日7点)。a.m.(=antemeridiem)上午,有时写成A.M.或AM;下午则是p.m.(=postmeridiem),有时写成P.M.或PM。5Imustsee我必须见我必须见比Iwanttosee语气上要更强些,表达说话人某种强烈的愿望或需求。6atthemoment,正在说话的这会儿,此时。正在说话的这会儿,此时。7Cantyouwaittillthisafternoon?您就不能等到今天下午了吗您就不能等到今天下午了吗这是情态助动词的否定疑问句形式,表示请求。Wantto&MustT:Youmustseethedentist.S:Iwanttoseethedentist.WearyournewdressBuyanewcarSpeaktothebossGetupearlyGetanewpairofshoesGohomeEnjoyyourselfRemainhereTelephonehimMeetmymotherCatchthebusCantyouwaittillthisafternoon(Iwaited)till(oneoclock).T:Howlongdidyouwait?.oneoclockS:IwaitedtilloneoclockWashdishesWalkintheparkWorkattheofficeWatchtelevisionPaintthisroomSwimintheriverListentothestereoBoilthischickenStayatchurchTalktoyourteacheruntil与till的用法归纳until和till两者都可作介词、连词,一般情况下可以互换使用。用于肯定句时,主句的动词只用延续性的,它所表示的动作一直延续到till或until表示的时间为止,意为“直到为止”;用于否定句时,主句的动词一般是非延续性的,也可以是延续性的,它所表示的动作直到till或until所表示的时间才发生,意为“直到(才)”。如:ShewatchedTVuntil/tillhermothercameback.她看电视直到她母亲回来。(看电视的动作延续到母亲回来才结束)Shedidn”twatchTVuntil/tillhermothercameback.直到她母亲回来她才(开始)看电视。(看电视的动作直到她母亲回来才发生)1.until和till可以作介词或连词。作介词用时,后面接名词或副词;作连词用时,常用来引导一个时间状语从句。当它们用于肯定句中,主句动词常为延续性动词,表示这个动作一直延续到till/until所表示的时间为止。当它们引导时间状语从句时往往要用一般现在时代替一般将来时。如:Theyworkeduntil/tillsixo”clock.他们一直工作到六点钟。Hewillwaitforyouuntil/tillyourmothercomes.他将等你到你母亲来。2.notuntil/till意为“直到才”,主句常用终止性动词(即非延续性),表示until/till所表示的时间一到,该动作就发生。如:Hedidn”tgotobeduntil/tillelevenlastnight.昨天夜里他直到十一点才上床睡觉。Shedidn”tknowmeuntil/tilllastweek.她直到上一周才认识我。Einsteinwasnotabletoreturntohishomelanduntilthewarwasover.直到战争结束后爱因斯坦才得以回国。注意:notuntil放在句首时要用倒装语序,如上面第三个例句可以改为放在句首的倒装句:NotuntilthewarwasoverwasEinsteinabletoreturntohishomeland.3.如果要放在句首,只能用until而不能用till,如:误:TillIfinishedmyhomework,motherdidn”tletmeout.正:UntilIfinishedmyhomework,motherdidn”tletmeout.直到我做完家庭作业妈妈才准我出去。4.强调结构中也常常出现notuntil结构,常见句型为:Itis/wasnotuntilthat。如下面这个句子:Shedidn”tfindmeuntilIcalledherfrombehind.直到我从后面叫她之后,她才发现了我。改为强调结构:ItwasnotuntilIcalledherfrombehindthatshefoundme.注:但在强调句型中,notuntil置于句首构成倒装句以及until放在句首时,均不能用till替换until。例如:Itwasnotuntil1920thatregularradiobroadcastbegan.直到1920年才开始有定期的无线电广播。Notuntil12o”clocklastnightdidTomcomeback.(倒装句)昨晚直到十二点汤姆才回来。UntilIwas20Ihadneverbeenawayfrommyhometown.我二十岁以前,从未离开过家乡。语法语法Grammarinuse否定疑问句否定疑问句否定疑问句可以表示说话者惊异的情绪、责难的口吻或赞叹;也可表示说话者的某种建议、邀请、请求或看法等。请看下列疑问句的简略否定式:(be:)Arentyouastudent?难道你不是学生吗?Isntithothere?这里难道不热吗?(can:)Cantyouwaitamoment?你不能等一会儿吗?(have:)HaventIaskedyou?难道我没问过你吗?(do:)Dontyouwanttostaywithus?你难道不愿意与我们呆在一起吗?(did:)Didntyouseehimyesterday?难道你昨天没看见他吗?回答这种问题时用简略回答。如果答语是肯定的,就用Yes;如果答语是否定的,就用No。不过,这种答语的汉语译法有特殊之处。一般否定疑问句有完全式和简略式之分,它们的词序是不同的。完全式:Isshenotanurse?她不是一位护士吗?简略式:Isntsheanurse?她不是一位护士吗?Exercises:I.Fillintheblankswiththepasttenseformoftheverbsgiven.用所给动用所给动词的过去式填空词的过去式填空1.She_wrote_(write)aletterhomelastweek.2.He_went_(go)toschoolbybikeyesterday.3.They_ate_(eat)abigmeallastnight.4.Mysister_felt_(feel)sickthenightbeforelast.5.I_washed_(wash)myhandsaminuteago.6.You_slept_(sleep)latethismorning,7.We_met_(meet)ourteacheratthesupermarketlastSunday.8.She_came_(come)backtoChinainthesummerof2001.9.I_bought_(buy)thisdresstwoyearsago.10.He_got_(get)backhomeataquartertosevenyesterday.II.Accordingtotheexample,askthreequestionsabouteachsentencegiven,thenanswerthequestions.1.PeterboughtawatchatMr.Leeslastmonth.WhatdidPeterdo?Heboughtawatch.Wheredidhebuyit?HeboughtitatMr.Lees.Whendidhebuyit?Heboughtitlastmonth.2.Jacksawsomenicecarsatthecarracefourdaysago.3.Marieatetwobarsofchocolateathomeyesterday.4.Shetypedsomelettersinherofficeyesterdaymorning.5.Myfatherpaintedthebookcastinthegarageaweekago.79CarolsshoppinglistTOM:Whatareyoudoing,Carol?CAROL:Immakingashoppinglist,Tom.TOM:Whatdoweneed?CAROL:Weneedalotofthingsthisweek.CAROL:Imustgotothegrocers.Wehaventgotmuchteaorcoffee,andwehaventgotanysugarorjam.TOM:Whataboutvegetables?CAROL:Imustgotothegreengrocers.Wehaventgotmanytomatoes,butwevegotalotofpotatoes.CAROL:Imustgotothebutchers,too.Weneedsomemeat.Wehaventgotanymeatatall.TOM:Havewegotanybeerandwine?CAROL:No,wehavent.AndImnotgoingtogetany!TOM:Ihopethatyouvegotsomemoney.CAROL:Ihaventgotmuch.TOM:Well,Ihaventgotmucheither!1,IsTommakingashoppinglist?2,Whoismakingashoppinglist?3,Whatdotheyneedthisweek?4,Isshegoingtothegrocers?5,Havetheygotanyteaandsugar?6,Isshegoingtothegreengrocers?7,Whymustshegotothegreengrocers?8,Havetheygotanymeat?9,Isshegoingtogetanybeerandwine?10,Havetheygotmuchmoney?1,AskmeifCarolismakingashoppinglist?Why?2,Askmeiftheyneedalotofthings?What?3,AskmeifCarolmustgotothegrocers?Where?4,Askmeifshesgoingtogetbeerandwine?Whyisnt5,Askmeiftheyhavegotmuchmoney?Whyhavent?Sample:T:Mustshebuyteaorcoffee?S:Sheneedntbuyanytea,butshemustbuysomecoffee.Soap/chocolateHoney/jamCigarettes/tobaccoTomatoes/potatoesPeaches/applesCabbages/lettucesFlowers/vegetablesNewWordandexpressions生词和短语shoppingn.购物listn.单子vegetablen.蔬菜needv.需要hopev.希望thingn.事情moneyn.钱Alotof的用法1,等于LOTSOF,既可以修饰可数名词,也可以修饰不可数名词,比如说LOTSOFMONEY,ALOTOFSTUDENTS2,many,much,alotofmany和可数名词连用,例:Ihaventmanybooks.much和不可数名词连用;alotof可数,不可数均可,但不用于否定句。3,alot1.许多,大量2.解释为非常多是副词Thanksalot!多谢了!Goesoutalot.常外出参加社交活动Hepracticedalot.他最近锻炼很刻苦。Shelaughedalot.她笑得很厉害。Much,many,Some,any的用法some和any:1.some和any都可指“一些”,但some常用于肯定句中,any常用于否定句、疑问句、和条件句中。两者都可做主语、宾语和定语。2.some有时也用于疑问句,表示说话者希望对方给予肯定的回答、邀请或料想对方会做肯定的回答,也可表示建议。any有时也可用于肯定句中,表示“任何一个”,“任何一些”;notany=no比如:CouldIhavesomebeerplease?(表明了说话者的礼貌和肯定的语气)3.“someof+”结构后常跟可数名词的复数,此结构作主语时,谓语动词用复数;跟不可数名词,谓语动词用单数。any后跟复数可数名词,any如若表示“任何一个”,谓语动词用单数,表示“任何一些”,谓语动词用复数,any后跟不可数名词,谓语动词用单数。4.some和any既可以修饰、代替可数名词复数(作主语谓语用复数),也可以修饰或代替不可数名词与可数名词单数(作主语谓语用单数)。many和much:1.many和much是表示数量的不定代词,在句中既可以充当名词,也可以充当形容词,可作主语、宾语、定语、表语等,意思为“许多”、“大量”。many修饰或代替可数名词,much修饰或代替不可数名词。2.many作主语时谓语动词用复数,much作主语时谓语动词用单数。名词前若有the/my/your/our/their/this/that/it/these/those等,此时不能直接用many/much,需用manyof/muchof。3.many,much前可有as、so、too、how等进行修饰;the,these,those可以修饰many;the,this,that可修饰much。many,much,表示多的意思,但是many,much常用于否定句和疑问句,例如:IhaventseenmanyEnglishfilms.多数英文电影我没看过。many修饰可数名词HaveyouseenmanyEnglishfilms?多数的英文电影你都看过吗?many修饰可数名词Ihaventdonemuchworktoday.我还没有做多少活呢。much修饰不可数名词Haveyoudonemuchworktoday?今天你已经做了很多活吗?much修饰不可数名词当然,以上所讲many/much常用于否定句和疑问句并不是绝对的,尤其是在下列场合many/much也常用于肯定句:any和manymany用于修饰可数名词,译为“很多的”,且用于肯定句中。若修饰不可数名词,则要用much。如:Ihavemanybooksinmybedroom.【我的卧室里有很多书。】Ihavemuchhomeworktodotoday.【今天我有很多作业要做。】Ihavemanythingstodo.【今天我有很多事要做。】any用于否定句或疑问句中,相当于many或much或some,如:Therearenotanybirdsinthecage.【鸟笼里没有一只鸟。】Isthereanymoneyinyourpocket?【口袋里还有钱吗?】一般,在肯定句中,alotof=lotsof=many=much=some在否定句里,any=someFurthernotesonthetext1AndImnotgoingtogetany!不过,我不打算去买!不过,我不打算去买!这里get表示“买”,与buy同义:Illgetanewbikeforyou.我将给你买辆新自行车来。2groceries,食品杂货。DuringtheblizzardIwasgladIdhadtheforesighttobuyenoughgroceries.在那场大风雪中,我庆幸自己深谋远虑,事先买了足够的食品杂货语法语法Grammarinusemust与与need(1)mustv.aux.无时态和人称变化,后面接不带to的动词不定式表示义务、命令或必要必须,应当Soldiersmustobeyorders.军人必须服从命令。Wemustkeepourword.我们必须遵守诺言。Youmustnotdoit.你不可以做那件事。Wemusttellhim.我们必须告诉他。【说明】过去、未来、完成等式可用haveto的相应形式来代替,例如:Imusthavetodoittoday.我必须今天做。Ihadtodoityesterday.我本该昨天做。Ishallhavetogotheresomeday.总有一天我会去那儿的。表示推断或指具有较大的可能性很可能;谅必否定用cannotbe,couldnothave+p.pYoumustbeverytired.你一定很累了。Hemusthaveearnedalargesumofmoney.他一定是挣了一笔巨款。表示主张一定要,务必Ifitisreallylost,itmustbefound.如果真丢了,一定要找回来。表示不可避免性或肯定性必然要,必定会Manmustdie.人必有一死。表示与说话人愿望相反及不耐烦偏要WhymustitrainonSunday?偏要在星期天下雨,讨厌!JustasIwassittingdowntosupper,thetelephonemustring.正当我坐下来用晚餐时,偏偏电话铃响了。表示请求MustIgonow?我现在可以走了吗?n.口必须做的事,必需的东西Thenewfilmisanabsolutemust.这部新片不可不看。adj.口绝对需要的,不可缺的mustlegislation不可缺少的立法Thisisamustbookforyourreading.这是一本你必须要读的书。(2)need表示“需要”、“必须”。作助动词时多用于疑问句和否定句,如:NeedImakeanappointment?我需要约一下时间吗?Youneednothurry.你不必太匆忙。need也可作实义动词,这时就要有人称、数及时态上的变化,疑问句中也需用助动词do。如:Weneedalotofthingsthisweek.我们这周需要许多东西。Heneedssomemoney.他需要一些钱。Doyouneedanysugar?你需要一些糖吗?Whatdotheyneedthisweek?他们这周需要什么东西?词汇学习词汇学习Wordstudy1hope(1)v.希望;盼望;期待:Ihopethatyoullhavealovelyvacation.我希望你能有一个愉快的假期MarkshopingtostudyLawatHarvard.马克盼望着进入哈佛大学学习法律。Ihopethatyouvegotsomemoney.我希望你有了些钱。(2)n.希望,期望;指望:Wearefullofhopeforthefuture.我们对未来充满信心。(3)n.期望着的事;被寄予希望的人:Hishopeisthathissonwillgetmarriedandsettledownsoon.他所希望的是他儿子能早点结婚,安顿下来。Exercises:I.Fillintheblankswithmuch,some,anyoralotof.用用much,many,some,any或或alotof填空。填空。1.Johndrinks_coffeeeveryday.2.Ihaventgot_timeforstudy.3.Ihave_blackink,butIdonthave_blueinkatall.4.Weneed_groceriesthisweek.5.Arethere_flowersinyourgardeninautumn?6.Thereisnot_chalkintheboxontheteachersdesk.7.Ibought_clothesinBeijinglastyear.8.Janedoesntknow_peopleinLondonandshehasntgot_friendsthere.9.Heborrowed_booksfromthelibraryyesterdayforthelongholiday.10.Theoldwomanwaspoor.Shedidnothave_foodtoeat,butshewashappy.Ihave_friends,shesaid,andIdonthave_enemies.Thatisthesecretofhappiness.Peoplewhohave_moneyoftenhave_enemiestoo!