【课件】Unit+3+Discovering+Useful+Structures高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册.pptx

选择性必修三Unit 3直接引语和间接引语Discovering Useful StructurePart 01直接引语和间接引语都是啥？L Le ea ad d-i in n 直接引语间接引语I have a dream.Martin Luther King said,“I have a dream.”Martin Luther King said that he had a dream.引语的概念引语的概念直接引述别人的原话，叫直接引述别人的原话，叫 _;_;直接引语直接引语Direct Speech 用自己的话把别人的话陈述出来，叫用自己的话把别人的话陈述出来，叫 _。间接引语间接引语indirect Speech直接引语通常都用直接引语通常都用_括起来，括起来，引号引号“”间接引语在多数情况下都构成一个间接引语在多数情况下都构成一个 _。宾语从句宾语从句直接引语怎么变间接引语？Martin Luther King said,“I have a dream.”Martin Luther King said that he had a dream.人称变化时态变化句式变化（连词）规则01020304人称变化句式变化代词、状语等其他变化时态变化人称变化人称变化01Iboughtpearlsformymother.Tomsaid.Tomsaidthathehadboughtpearlsforhismother.(1)一随主:直接引语中有第一人称时，在改为间接引语时，其人称与 主句中的主语的人称保持一致。人称变化Shesaidtome,“YouspeakEnglishbetterthanme.”She said to me that I spoke English better than her.(2)二随宾:直接引语中有第二人称时，在改为间接引语时其人称和主句的宾语保持一致。人称变化【注意】如果主句中无宾语，可以根据语境添加合适的宾语。Whyareyoulateagain?theteacherasked.The teacher askedmewhyIwas late again.人称变化meShesaid，“Hewillbebusy.”She said that hewould be busy.3)三不变:直接引语中有第三人称时，在改为间接引语时不发生变化。人称变化 把下列句子变为间接引语，注意人称变化把下列句子变为间接引语，注意人称变化He said，“She will come here to have a long holiday.”He said that would go there to have a long holiday.She said to me，“You play basketball better than me.”She told me that played basketball better than her.“I bought this pair of shoes for my father，”Kate said.Kate said had bought that pair of shoes for her father.My father said，“I hope you will grow up to be President.”My father said that hoped _ would grow up to be President.sheIsheheI时态变化时态变化021.She said,“I I walk to schoolto school.”She said(that)sheshe walked to school to school.2.She said,“I I amam walking to schoolto school.”She said(that)sheshe was walking to school to school.3.She said,“I I have walkedhave walked to schoolto school.”She said(that)sheshe had walked to school to school.（一般现在时）（一般过去时）（现在进行时）（过去进行时）（现在完成时）（过去完成时）时态变化.主句的谓语动词是过去时主句的谓语动词是过去时,从句时态往前移：从句时态往前移：4.He said,“I I walked to schoolto school.”He said(that)hehe had walked to school to school.5.He said,“I I had walkedhad walked to schoolto school.”He said(that)hehe had walked to school to school.6.He said,“I I will walkwill walk to schoolto school.”He said(that)hehe would walk to school to school.（一般过去时）（过去完成时）（过去完成时）（过去完成时）（一般将来时）（过去将来时）.直接引语 变成 间接引语时，以下情况，时态不变：(1)主句的谓语动词是现在时，从句时态不变;He says,“I didnt broke the window.”He says that he didnt broke the window.(2)直接引语描述:客观事实、真理名言、习惯性动作,从句时态不变;“The earth moves around the sun,”the teacher told us.The teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun.(3)如果直接引语中由具体的过去某年/月/日作状语，从句时态不变。The old man said,“I was born on April 20,1949.”The old man said(that)he was born on April 20,1949.时态变化练习1.He said，“I am very sorry.”He said that he _ very sorry.2.“She is preparing her lessons，”I said.I said that she _ her lessons.3.She said,“I have lost a pen.”She said she _ a pen.4.He said to me，“Jane spent all her time doing that.”He told me（that）Jane _all her time doing that.waswas preparinghad losthad spent 5.She said,“I like English very much.”She said she_ English very much.6.Tom said,“We are listening to the pop music.”Tom said that they _ to the pop music.7.Mother asked,“Have you finished your homework before you watch TV?”Mother asked me whether I _ my homework before I watched TV.8.She said,“Our bus will arrive in five minutes.”She said that their bus _ in five minutes.were listeninghad finishedwould arrive liked句式变化句式变化03.直接引语是陈述句,间接引语通常改为由that引导的宾语从句,that可省略。eg.She said,“Our bus will arrive in five minutes.”She said their bus would arrive in five minutes.(that)句式变化.当直接引语是选择/一般疑问句疑问句,间接引语改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句，从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词say(said)改为ask(asked)。eg.He said,“Can you swim,John?”He asked John _ he could swim.whether/if句式变化.直接引语是特殊疑问句疑问句,间接引语用原来的疑问词引导，同时把疑问语序变成陈述语序。eg.She asked me，“When do they have their dinner?”She asked me they had their dinner.when句式变化IV.当直接引语是祈使句，间接引语要变为ask/tell/order sb(not)to do sth的句式。eg.He said，“Dont subscribe to her view.”He told me not to subscribe to her view.【注意】祈使句中的 please 在间接引语中必须省略。“Please pass me the pump，”he said to her.He asked her to pass him the pump.他请她把水泵递给他。句式变化句型转换句型转换（1）He said，“Ive left my book in your room.”He told me he his book in my room.（2）She said，“Do you like watching the advertisements on TV?”She asked me I watching the advertisements on TV.（3）“Where did you find the ads for jobs abroad?”Bill asked.Bill asked the ads for jobs abroad.that had leftwhether likedwhere I had found将直接引语变为间接宾语将直接引语变为间接宾语The teacher said to the boy，“Open the door，please！”The teacher the boy the door.His father said to him，“Dont leave the window open when you are out.”His father him the window open when he was out.“Please explain why youre late，”the boss said.The boss him why he was late.toldto opentoldnot to leaveaskedto explain句型转换句型转换（4）“What are you doing now?”Mom asked.Mom asked then.（5）He said，“Please come here again tomorrow.”He again .（6）He said，“Dont make so much noise，boys.”He told the boys so much noise.what I was doingasked me to go there the next daynot to make 其他变化其他变化04代代”(指示代词指示代词)“状状”(时间时间/地点状语地点状语)“动动”(方向性动词方向性动词).指示代词：thisthat thesethose.时间状语：now(此时)then(那时)agobefore todaythat day tomorrowthe next day yesterdaythe day before last weekthe week before;this eveningthat evening.地点状语：herethere .方向性动词：bringtake comego 其他变化Examples:1.She said,“ThisThis house is expensive(house is expensive(昂贵的昂贵的).”She said(that)thathat house was expensive house was expensive.2.“Tom,Tom,comecome here here!”They said.They asked Tom to gogo there.3.Sarah said,“I have finished I have finished mymy homework homework yesterdayyesterday.”Sarah said(that)she had finished finished herher homework homework the day before.the day before.性质：性质：间接引语在多数情况下是一个宾语从句间接引语在多数情况下是一个宾语从句人称人称:一随主一随主,二随宾二随宾,三不变三不变时态：时态：主句为主句为一般过去时态一般过去时态，从句时态往前移，从句时态往前移引导词引导词:陈述句陈述句:用用thatthat一般疑问句一般疑问句:用用ifif或或whetherwhether特殊疑问句特殊疑问句:用用特殊疑问词特殊疑问词祈使句祈使句：tell sb.to do s.th ask sb.to do s.th order sb.to do s.thsummary1.“I am not an engineer.”he said.He said that _ not an engineer.2.The teacher said,“The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west.”The teacher said that the sun in the east and _ down in the west.3.“I meet her here.”he told me.He me that he her .4.He said to Jim,“You can sit here,Jim.”He Jim that he sit there.5.He asked her mother,“How do you find it,mother?”He asked her mother it.hewasrisesgoestoldmettheretoldcouldhowshefoundPractice 巩固练习将直接引语改为间接引语将直接引语改为间接引语Henry said，“I havent seen her today.”_Helen said to me，“This happened yesterday.”_Shelly said，“I arrived two days ago.”_Henry said that he hadnt seen her that day.Helen told me that had happened the day before.Shelly said that she had arrived two days before.HomeworkTHANKS