高考英语(译林版)总复习真题研练.pdf

Task 1：阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。(2016 北京，C)California Condors Shocking RecoveryCalifornia condors are North Americas largest birds，with wind-length of up to 3 meters.In the 1980s，electrical lines and lead poisoning(铅中毒)nearly drove them to dying out.Now，electric shock training and medical treatment are helping to rescue these big birds.In the late 1980s，the last few condors were taken from the wild to be bred(繁殖)Since 1992，there have been multiple reintroductions to the wild，and there are now more than 150 flying over California and nearby Arizona，Utah and Baja in Mexico.Electrical lines have been killing them off.“As they go in to rest for the night，they just dont see the power lines，”says Bruce Rideout of San Diego Zoo.Their wings can bridge the gap between lines，resulting in electrocution(电死)if they touch two lines at once.So scientists have come up with a shocking idea.Tall poles，placed in large training areas，teach the birds to stay clear of electrical lines by giving them a painful but undeadly electric shock.Before the training was introduced,66%of set-free birds died of electrocution.This has now dropped to 18%.Lead poisoning has proved more difficult to deal with.When condors eat dead bodies of other animals containing lead，they absorb large quantities of lead.This affects their nervous systems and ability to produce baby birds，and can lead to kidney(肾)failure and death.So condors with high levels of lead are sent to Los Angeles Zoo，where they are treated with calcium EDTA，a chemical that removes lead from the blood over several days.This work is starting to pay off.The annual death rate for adult condors has dropped from 38%in 2000 to 5.4%in 2011.Rideouts team thinks that the California condors average survival time in the wild is now just under eight years.“Although these measures are not effective forever，they are vital for now，”he says.“They are truly good birds that are worth every effort we put into recovering them.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。在二十世纪八十年代，加利福尼亚的秃鹫的数量在减少，原因是由于高压电线和铅中毒威胁着它们。为此科学家们采取了一系列的措施保护它们，并且取得了一定的成效。1California condors attract researchers interest because they _.Aare active at night Bhad to be bred in the wild Care found only in California Dalmost died out in the 1980s 答案D细节理解题。根据文章第一段“In the 1980s，electrical lines and lead poisoning(铅中毒)nearly drove them dying out”可知，在 20 世纪 80 年代加利福尼亚秃鹫曾频临灭绝，这引起了研究者的兴趣。故选D 项。2Researchers have found electrical lines are _.Ablocking condors journey home Bbig killers of California condors Crest places for condors at night Dused to keep condors away 答案B细节理解题。根据第三段第一句话Electrical lines have been killing them off.以 及 第 四 段 倒 数 第 二 句 话Before the training was introduced,66%of set-free birds died of electrocution.可知秃鹫触电死亡是导致加州秃鹫死亡的主要原因。故选B 项。3According to Paragraph 5，lead poisoning _.Amakes condors too nervous to fly Bhas little effect on condors kidneys Ccan hardly be gotten rid of from condors blood Dmakes it difficult for condors to produce baby birds 答案D细节理解题。根据第五段第三句话This affects their nervous systems and ability to produce baby birds，and can lead to kidney(肾)failure and death.可知铅中毒会影响秃鹫的神经系统和生育能力，并引起肾衰竭而死亡。故 A、B 两项错误。同时，根据第五段的倒数第三句话.a chemical that removes lead from the blood over several days.可知铅可以从秃鹫的血液当中处理掉。故 C 项错误。故选 D 项。4This passage shows that _.Athe average survival time of condors is satisfactory BRideouts research interest lies in electric engineering Cthe efforts to protect condors have brought good results Dresearchers have found the final answers to the problem 答案C主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了在20 世纪 80 年代。电线和铅中毒让加利福尼亚州的秃鹫几近灭绝，科学家们采取相应措施，加利福尼亚州的秃鹫得以保护。故选C 项。Task 2：词汇积累1pay off 得到回报；偿清(欠款等)His hard working will eventually pay off.他的努力工作终将会得到回报。2treat v对待；治疗n款待3vital adj.重要的4multiple adj.多种多样的；许多的n倍数5lead n铅Task 3：单句语法填空1There are now more than 150_(fly)over California and nearby Arizona，Utah and Baja in Mexico.2 Their wings can bridge the gap between lines，_(result)in electrocution(电死)if they touch two lines at once.3When condors eat dead bodies of other animals_(contain)lead，they absorb large quantities of lead.答案1.flying2.resulting3.containing Task 4：单句改错1So scientists have come up a shocking idea.2Lead poisoning has proved more difficulty to deal with.3Although these measures are not effective forever，but they are vital for now.答案1.up 后加 with2.difficulty difficult3.去掉 but Task 5：攻克长难句(分析句子结构，尝试翻译成汉语)1 Since 1992，there have been multiple reintroductions to the wild，and there are now more than 150 flying over California and nearby Arizona，Utah and Baja in Mexico.分析：本句中 and连接两个并列分句，后面的并列分句中使用了现在分词短语作员语。译文：自 1992 年以来，许多秃鹫被再次放归野外，如今在加利弗尼亚州和周边的亚利桑那州、犹他州和墨西哥的巴哈的上空翱翔着150 多只秃鹫。2So condors with high levels of lead are sent to Los Angeles Zoo，where they are treated with calcium EDTA，a chemical that removes lead from the blood over several days.分析：本句的主语部分有with 短语作定语，后面where引导的非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Los Angeles Zoo；where引导的非限制性定语从句中包含了一个由 that 引导的定语从句，先行词为a chemical。译文：于是，体内含有高剂量的铅的秃鹫被送往洛杉矶动物园。在那里，这些秃鹫得到一种名为EDTA 的钙物质的治疗。这是一种化学药物，能够在几天时间内清除血液中的铅。