药理学英文试题含复习资料.docx

1山东大学医学院（2005 2006 学年第二学期）2003 级 医学七年制 药理学期末考试试题（A 卷）二、选择题：（ A 型每题 0.5 分，X 型每题 1分, 共 50 分）Type A choice questions (only one answer is correct)1. Which of the following is classified as belong to the G proteincoupling receptors?A. GABAA receptorB. badrenergicreceptorC. insulin receptorD. nicotinic II receptorE. hydrocortisone receptor2. Which of the following is unlikely to be associated with oral drug administration of anentericcoateddosage form?A. irritation to the gastric mucosa with nausea and vomitingB. destruction of the drug by gastric acid or digestive enzymesC. unpleasant taste of the drugD. formation of nonabsorbable drugfoodcomplexesE. variability in absorption caused by fluctuations in gastric emptying time3. Which of the following compounds will be absorbed to the least extent in the stomach?A. ampicillin (pKa=2.5)B. aspirin (pKa=3.0)C. warfarin (pKa=5.0)D. Phenobarbital (pKa=7.4)E. propranolol (pKa=9.4)4. Which of the following terms is most likely to be associated with “a rapid reduction in theeffect of a given dose of a drug after only one or two doses”?A. supersensitivityB. tachyphylaxisC. toleranceD. hyposensitivityE. anaphylaxis5. A weak acidic drug with 4.4 of pKa, if the stomach juice pH is 1.4, plasma pH is 7.4, whenthe distribution balance is reached, the drug concentration ratio between plasma and stomachjuice isA. 100C. 1000D. 100006. In this graph，drugs A，B and C are analogs，thenA. A has a greater potency than BB. A has a greater efficacy than CC. B has less potency than CD. A has a greater potency than CE. B has a greater efficacy than C7. Aspirin is a weak acid with 3.5 of pKa, what percentage of lipidsolubleform will be in thestomach juice with 2.5 of pH?A. 0.99%B. 9%C. 9.09%D. 90.9%E. 99.9%8. The contractile effect of various doses of norepinephrine (NE) (X) alone on vascular smoothmuscle is represented in the figure below. When combined with an antagonist (IC or INC), ashift in the doseresponsecurve occurs. The curve labeled X+INC would mostly likely occurwhen vascular smooth muscle is treated with NE in the presenA. terazosinB. phentolamineC. labetalolD. phenoxybenzamineE. prazosinBAC效 应Log 剂量49. The reversible cholinesterase inhibitor indicated in the treatment of Alzheimers disease isA. tacrineB. edrophoniumC. neostigmineD. pyridostigmineE. ambenonium10. A predictably dangerous side effect of nadolol that constitutes a contraindication to itsclinical use in susceptible patients is the induction ofA. hypertensionB. cardiac arrhythmiaC. asthmatic attacksD. respiratory depressionE. hypersensitivity11. Epinephrine may be mixed with certain anesthetics, such as procaine, in order toA. stimulate local wound repairB. promote hemostasisC. enhance their interaction with neural membranes and their ability to depress nerveconductionD. retard their systemic absorptionE. facilitate their distribution along nerves12. A 58yearoldmale with angina is treated with atenolol. Select the mechanism of action ofatenololA. aadrenergicagonistB. aadrenergicantagonistC. badrenergicagonistD. badrenergicantagonistE. mixed a and b antagonist13. A male patient is brought to the emergency department following ingestion of an unknownsubstance. He is found to have an elevated temperature, hot and flushed skin, dilated pupils,and tachycardia. Of the following, which would most likely cause these findings?5A. propranololB. tolazolineC. prazosinD. donepezilE. atropine14. A 65yearoldmale has a blood pressure of 170/105mmHg. Which of the following wouldbe effective in lowering this patients blood pressure?A. terbutalineB. dobutamineC. pancuroniumD. prazosinE. scopolamine15. Which of the following can be used in shock for increasing cardiac output and renal bloodflow?A. norepinephrineB. epinephrineC. dopamineD. phenylephrineE. methoxamine16. All of the following statements are related with succinylcholine EXCEPTA. have muscle fasciculation before muscle relaxationB. have no ganglionic blocking actions at therapeutic doseC. can be antagonized by neostigmineD. elevate blood potassium concentrationE. assistant agents of anesthetics17. The agent which is effective for prostatic hyperplasia but has no effect on blood pressure isA. terazosinB. tamsulosinC. phenoxybenzamineD. regitineE. prazosin18. Which of the following statements is correct?A. Diazepam induce the drug metabolizing enzymes.B. All benzodiazepines show antiepileptic actions.C. All benzodiazepines have sedative effects.D. Benzodiazepines readily produce general anesthesia.E. Benzodiazepines directly open chloride channels.19. Which of the following statements is correct?A. Chlorpromazine is indicated in treating the nausea of levodopa treatment.B. Vitamin B6 increases the effectiveness of levodopa.6C. Administration of dopamine is an effective treatment of Parkinsons disease.D. Levodopainducednausea is reduced by carbidopa.E. Nonspecific MAOinhibitorsare a useful adjunct to levodopa therapy.20. Which of the following is common to the tricyclic antidepressants and MAO inhibitors?A. They can produce sedation.B. They produce physical dependence.C. They show strong interaction with certain foods.D. They can produce postural hypotension.E. They decrease availability of epinephrine in the synaptic cleft21. The antipsychotic drugs:A. are equally effective against the positive and negative symptoms of schizophreniaB. can cause blurred vision, urinary retention and other signs of muscarinic blockadeC. bind selectively to D2dopaminergicreceptors.D. have antiparkinsonism effects similar to levodopa.E. have a rapid onset of antipsychotic action.22. All of the following are observed in patients taking neuroleptic agents EXCEPT:A. sexual dysfunction.B. bronchial asthmaC. altered endocrine function.D. constipation.E. orthostatic hypotension23. Which of the following statements about morphine is INCORRECT?A. It is used therapeutically to relieve pain caused by severe head injury.B. Its withdrawal symptoms can be relieved by methadone.C. It causes constipation.D. It is most effective by parenteral administration.E. It rapidly enters many body tissues, including the fetus of a pregnant woman.24. Which of the following statements concerning phenytoin is INCORRECT?A. causes less sedation than phenobarbital.B. causes gingival hyperplasia.C. may cause megaloblastic anemiaD. is excreted unchanged in the urine.E. The plasma halflifeincreases as the dose is increased.25. Which of the following drugs is contraindicated in the patients with epilepsy?A. PhenobarbitalB. imipramineC. digoxinD. chlorpromazineE. aspirin26. The agent which is effective for various epilepsy is7A. diazepamB. sodium phenytoinC. sodium valproateD. PhenobarbitalE. ethosuximide27. All of the following produce a significant decrease in peripheral resistance EXCEPT:A. chronic administration of diureticsB. hydralazineC. ACE inhibitorsD. RblockersE. calcium channel blockers28. Which of the following hypertensive patients is most suitble for primary therapy withhydrochlorothiazide?A. patients with goutB. patients with hyperlipidemiaC. young hypertensive patients with rapid resting heart rateD. patients with impaired renal functionE. elderly patients29. Regarding antihypertensive drugs, which of the following statements is WRONG？A. Hydrochlorothiazide can increase activity of renninB. Propranolol can decrease secretion of renninC. Sodium nitroprusside lowers BP rapidly by releasing NO.D. Clonidine stimulates 2receptorand imidazoline receptorE. Diuretics decreased BP mainly by increasing water and sodium excretion from thekidneys.30. Which of the following drugs occurs orthostatic hypotension most frequently in first use:A. clonidineB. nifedipineC. propranololD. enalaprilE. prazosin31. The reason that digoxin can reduce the ventricular rate of atrial fibrillation patient is:A. decreasing automaticity of ventriclesB. decreasing automaticity of atriaC. reducing the conduction of AVnodeD. improving cardiac ischemiaE. shortening the effective refractory period of atria32. All of the following measures can be used in the treatment of digoxininducedarrhythmiaEXCEPTA. stopping digoxin administration8B. diuretic agents such as furosemide are used to promote the excretion of digoxinC. phenytoin administrationD. atropine administrationE. lidocaine administration33. Which of the following effects of digoxin can NOT be seen in failure heart?A. slowing sinus rhythmB. increasing the oxygen consumption of myocardiaC. increasing the cardiac outputD. increasing the cardiac contractilityE. shortening atrial ERP34. A 70 year oldfemale is treated with sublingual nitroglycerin for her occasional bouts ofangina. Which of the following is involved in the action of nitroglycerin?A. adrenergicactivityB. phosphodiesterase activityC. phosphorylation of light chains of myosinD. norepinephrine releaseE. cGMP increased35. The therapeutic effect of adrenergicreceptor blockers such as propranolol in anginapectoris is believed to be primarily the result ofA. reduced production of catecholaminesB. dilation of the coronary vasculatureC. decreased requirement for myocardial oxygenD. increased peripheral resistanceE. increased sensitivity to catecholamines36. A 69yearoldmale with angina develops severe constipation following treatment withA. nitroglycerinB. gemfibrozil(吉非贝齐)C. propranololD. captoprilE. verapamil37. Which of the following drugs has relatively few electrophysiologic effects on normalmyocardial tissue but suppresses the arrhythmogenic tendencies of ischemic myocardialtissue?A. VerapamilB. LidocaineC. QuinidineD. PropranololE. Procainamide38. The firstlinedrug for treating acute attack of reentrant supraventricular tachycardia isA. adenosine9B. lidocaineC. quinidineD. digoxinE. procainamide39. Which of the following drugs is NOT suitable to treat the patient with angina pectorisaccompanied with asthma?A. nifedipineB. isosorbide dinitrateC. nitroglycerinD. verapamilE. propranolol40. Which of the following drugs decreases de novo cholesterol biosynthesis by inhibiting theenzyme HMG CoA reductase?A. nicotinic acidB. gemfibrozilC. lovastatinD. cholestyramine(考来烯胺)E. probucol41.Which of the following drugs can be used for Diabetics（type）with renal insufficiencyA. gliclazideB. tolbutamideC. glibornurideD. gliquidoneE. glipizide42. The contraindication of Glucocorticoids isA. septicemiaB. iritisC. dermatomyositisD. epidemic parotitis(流行性腮腺炎)E. peptic ulcer43. Antiasthmatic that could inhibit leukotrienes release and increase cerebral blood flow isA. zileutonB. pemirolastC. ibudilastD. zafirlukastE. montelukast44. Which of the following statements about acetazolamide is WRONG？A. diuretic actionB. depresss the intracranial pressureC. acidify blood10D. alkalized urineE. hyperkalemia45. Which of the following drugs could promote macrophage production and enhance thenonspecific immunologic functionA. erythropoietinB. thrombopoietinC. MCSFD. MultiCSFE. GCSF46. Which of the following can be used for megaloblastic anemiaA. folic acidB. folic acid +VitB12C. folic acid +VitB6D. folic acid +VitB12 +VitB6E. folic acid +VitB12+VitB6+VitC47. All of the following are true about hydrochlorothiazide EXCEPTA. It can be used to treat hypercalcinuriaB. It can lead to hypoglycemiaC. It can increase the secretion of K + then cause hypokalemiaD. It can decrease blood pressure mildlyE. It can decrease the urinary output of diabetes insipidus patients48. Which of the statements about thiourea is WRONG?A. They inhibit synthesis of thyroxineB. They have immunosuppressive effectC. Propylthiouracil stimulates T4 transform to T3D. They can cause thyroid enlargement when long term usedE. They can excrete from milk and pass through placenta barrier49. The antibiotics which are potent against the pseudomonas aeruginosa areA. carbenicillin, polymyxin, gentamycin and tobramycineB. kanamycin, tobramycine, polymyxin and erythromycinC. amikacin, gentamycin, polymyxin and oxacillinD. amikacin, gentamycin, chloramphenicol and spectinomycinE. carbenicillin, ampicillin, Cephalexin and polymyxin50. Which of the following compatibility administration is correct?A. streptomycin + gentamicinB. penicillin + gentamicinC. streptomycin + furosemideD. penicillin + tetracyclineE. penicillin + chloramphenicol51Clavulanic acid can inhibit which one of the following enzymes?11ADihydrofolate synthetaseBpeptidoglycan synthetaseClactamaseDDNA polymeraseEdihydrofolate reductase52The agent which can relieve AIDS and AIDS correlating syndrome isA. idoxuridineB. zidovudineC. acyclovirD. ribavirinE. adenine arabinoside53Which of the following imidazoles have NO effect on fungus ?A. metronidazoleB. miconazoleC. clotrimazoleD. fluconazolE. ketoconazole54Herxheimer reaction is caused by penicillin when it is used to treat：Alobar pneumoniaBtetanusCviridans endocarditisDbacterial meningitisEleptospirosis55. Of the following, which is the best agent to use in pregnant patient with urinary tractinfection (UTI ) caused by Chlamydia trachomatis?A. tetracyclineB. levofloxacinC. gentamycinD. erythromycinE. SMZTMP56. The t1/2 of which of the following tetracyclines remains unchanged when the drug isadministered to an anuric patientA. methacyclineB. oxytetracyclineC. doxycyclineD. tetracyclineE. none of the above57. A 45yearoldfemale being treated for a chronic UTI develops acute alcohol intolerance.Which of the following agents could have caused this intolerance?A. cefoperazone12B. amoxicillinC. SMZD. norfloxacinE. tetracycline58. A patient with a pneumonia has a sputum culture that is positive for a staphylococcalstrain that is blactamase positive.Which is the best choice of penicillin therapy in thispatient?A. ampicillinB. oxacillinC. penicillin VD. penicillin GE. carbenicillin59. A 75 year oldwoman is hospitalized for pneumonia and treated with an intravenousantibiotic. On day three, she develops severe diarrhea. Stool is positive for Clostridiumdifficile toxin. What is the best treatment?A. clindamycinB. cefaclorC. metronidazoleD. erythromycinE. doxycycline60. The mechanism of action of chloramphenicol as an antibiotic is that itA. binds to the 3