动词不定式用法(专题演练).pdf

第 1 页 动词不定式用法 巩固练习 一、单项选择 1.Would you please tell me _ next?A.how to do B.what to do C.what do I do D.how I should do 2.Im just getting out of the city for a few days _some space and clear my head.A.gotten B.getting C.to get D.having gotten 3.They regard it as their duty _ the best service to the customers.A.provided B.providing C.provide D.to provide 4.The road _ next week leads to Highway 62.A.building B.to build C.to be built D.built 5.The model for Leonardo da Vincis Mona Lisa is believed _ in the convent(修道院)at the age of 63 in 1542.A.to die B.to have died C.dying D.having died 6.Earth is believed _ by an object the size of Mars at some point in the distant past before its surface cooled.A.to be hit B.to have hit C.to have been hit D.to hit 7.Nearly four hundred supermarkets in Beijing are preparing to dim their lights _ the“Earth Hour”on Saturday night.A.honor B.honoring C.to honor D.having honored 8.We need to take action instead of waiting here for problems _.A.to solve B.to be solved C.solved D.being solved 9.You shouldnt have treated me that way.My heart is broken.Im sorry,Paul,I didnt mean _ you.A.hurting B.to hurt C.hurt D.having hurt 10.Have you ever picked some beautiful vegetables for your dinner salad only_ that they are extremely bitter?A.to find B.finding C.found D.find 11.Harrison Ford is thought to be one of the few movie stars _ as a carpenter before.A.to work B.to be working C.to have worked D.to have been working 12.Nearly half a million people are believed _ their homes as a result of the disaster.A.to leave B.to be left C.to be leaving D.to have left 13.Go to bed right away.Forget you need to get up fits early as you can _ the early train?A.catch B.catching C.caught D.to catch 14.Time should be made good use of _ our lessons well.A.to learn B.1earning C.1earn D.1earnt 15.Cao Caos tomb is reported _ in China,which attracts nationwide attention.A.being found B.to be found C.having been found D.to have been found 二、完形填空 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、c 和 D)中，选出最佳选项。When someone has deeply hurt you,it can be extremely difficult to let go of your anger.But forgiveness is possible and it can be surprisingly _1_ to your physical and _2_health.“People who forgive3 less depression,anger and stress and more hopefulness,”says Frederic Luskin,Ph.D.,“4 of Forgive for Good.”So it can help5 on the wear and tear 第 2 页 on our organs,reduce the wearing out of the immune system and 6 people to feel more vital.”So how do you start the forgiveness?Try 7 these steps：Calm yourself.To defuse(缓和)your 8 and try a simple stress-management technique.“Take a couple of breaths and think of 9 that gives you pleasure：a 10 scene in nature,someone you love,”Luskin says.Dont 11 an apology.“Many times the person who hurt you has no 12 of apologizing,”Luskin says.“They may have wanted to hurt you or they just dont see things the same 13.So if you wait for people to apologize,you could be waiting a(n)14 long time”.Keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean 15 to the person who upsets you.Take the control away from your offender.Mentally replaying your 16 gives power to the person who caused you pain.“17 of focusing on your hurt feelings,learn to look for the love,beauty and kindness18 you,”Luskin says.Try to see things from the other persons perspective(视角).If you empathic(有同感)with that person,you may 19 that he or she was acting out ignorance,fear even love.Recognize the benefits of forgiveness.Research has shown that people who forgive are reported more energy,better 20 and better sleep patterns.Dont forget to forgive yourself.“For some people,forgiving themselves is the biggest challenge,”Luskin says.“But it can rob you of your self confidence if you dont do it.”1.A.beneficial B.harmful C.helpless D.suitable 2.A.chemical B.wealthy C.technical D.mental 3.A.own B.show C.direct D.prove 4.A.author B.owner C.professor D.publisher 5.A.insist B.save C.wait D.depend 6.A.require B.wish C.invite D.allow 7.A.forgiving B.turning C.following D.counting 8.A.sadness B.anger C.hunger D.energy 9.A.something B.anything C.nothing D.everything 10.A.thoughtful B.dull C.beautiful D.still 11.A.call for B.hunt for C.bid for D.wait for 12.A.invention B.invitation C.intention D.attention 13.A.way B.means C.method D.approach 14.A.helpfully B.carefully C.patiently D.awfully 15.A.giving in B.giving away C.giving up D.giving out 16.A.wound B.hurt C.cut D.damage 17.A。Because B.In honour C.Instead D.In search 18.A.around B.above C.beneath D.below 19.A.forget B.realize C.announce D.doubt 20.A.housing B.salary C.safety D.appetite 三、阅读理解 Graph can be a very useful tool for conveying information especially numbers,percentages,and other data.A graph gives the reader a picture to interpret.That can be a lot more efficient than pages and pages explaining the data.第 3 页 Graphs can seem frightening,but reading a graph is a lot like reading a story.The graph has a title,a main idea,and supporting details.You can use your active reading skills to analyze and understand graphs just like any other text.Most graphs have a few basic parts:a caption or introduction paragraph,a title,a legend or key,and labeled axes.An active reader looks at each part of the graph before trying to interpret the data.Captions will usually tell you where the data came from(for example,a scientific study of 400 African elephants from 1980 to 2019).Captions usually summarize the authors main point as well.The title is very important.It tells you the main idea of the graph by stating what kind of information is being shown.A legend,also called a key,is a guide to the symbols and colors used in the graph.Many graphs,including bar graphs and line graphs,have two axes that form a corner.Usually these axes are the left side and the bottom of the graph.Each axis will always have a label.The label tells you what each axis measures.Bar Graphs A bar graph has two axes and uses bars to show amounts.In Graph 1,we see that the x-axis shows grades that students earned,and the y-axis shows how many students earned each grade.You can see that 6 students earned an A because the bar for A stretches up to 6 on the vertical measurement.There is a lot of information we can get from a simple graph like this(See Graph 1).Line Graphs A line graph looks similar to a bar graph,but instead of Bars,it plots points and connects them with a line.It has the same parts as a bar graph two labeled axes and can be read the same way.To read a line graph,its important to focus on the points of intersection rather than the line segments between the points.This type of graph is most commonly used to show how something changes over time.Here is a graph that charts how far a bird flies during the first five days of its spring migration(See Graph 2).The unit of measurement for the x-axis is days.The unit of measurement for the y-axis is kilometers.Thus we can see that,on the first day,the pipit flew 20 kilometers.The line segment goes up between Day 1 and Day 2,which means that the bird flew farther on Day 2.If the line segment angled dawn,as between Day 4 and Day 5,it would mean that the bird flew fewer kilometers than the day before.This line graph is a quick,visual way to tell the reader about the birds migration.Pie Graphs A typical pie graph looks like a circular pie.The circle is divided into sections,and each section represents a fraction of the data.The graph is commonly used to show percentages;the whole pie represents l00 percent,so each piece is a fraction of the whole.A pie graph might include a legend，or it might use icons or labels within each slice.This pie graph shows on months expense,(See Graph 3).第 4 页 Food$25 Movies$12 Clothing$36 Savings$20 Books$7 1.When used in a graph,a legend is_.A.a guide to the symbols and colors B.an introduction paragraph C.the main idea D.the data 2.What is the total number of students who earned a C or better?A.4.B.6.C.10.D.20.3.The bird covered the longest distance on _ A.Day 1 B.Day 2 C.Day 3 D.Day 4 4.Which of the following cost Amy most?A.Food.B.Books C.Movies D.Clothing.四、短文改错 下面短文中共有 10 处错误，每句最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。As a middle school student of Senior Three,I do sports one and two hours a day,such as doing morning exercises,playing basketball,long-distance running and so on.I think it is very helpfully to me.Take exercise makes me even more healthier so that I wont be ill very often.Whats more,I also get myself relaxing in different kinds of sports.Only in this way I do a better job in my study in high spirits.For doing physical exercise,Im becoming stronger and more confident than ago.I did think it is necessary for everyone to spend some time on sports every day so peoples health is important in modern life.五、书面表达 加拿大籍教师史密斯(Smith)教授于一年前到你校任教英语。他带来了先进的教学方法和教学理念。因为他的努力，同学们的交际能力和口语水平都有了很大提高。现在他工作结束，即将离任回国。假如你是你校学生会主席，你代表全体同学致欢送词，对史密斯教授的工作表示感谢，并预祝他旅途愉快。注意：1.不要逐句翻译上述内容，可根据提示重新组织。2词数：120 左右。答案与解析 一、单项选择 1.B。空白处为 tell 的直接宾语，因为 do 为及物动词，需要接宾语 what。C 项应为“what should I do”。2.C。分析句意，空格处应该是不定式短语作目的状语。句意：我打算出城几天，获取空间，清醒头脑。3.C。句意为：他们把向顾客提供最好的服务看作他们的责任。不定式作形式宾语。4.B。句意为：下周要修的路通向 62 号公路。时间状语为下周，用不定式作定语，又因为路“被修”，用不定式的被动形式。5.B。首先 sth.be believed 后面应该用不定式结构，排除 C 和 D 两项；同时根据语义可知，die 的动作发生在 believed 动作之前，故应该用 to die 的完成式 to have died。6.C。句意：在遥远的过去，地球在表面冷却之前在某个地方被一个与火星大小相当的物体撞击过。Earth 与 hit 之间是动宾关系，而且此动作已经发生，所以选 C 项。7.C。句意：北京的近 400 家超市准备在周六晚上把灯光调暗以纪念“地球一小时”。句中第 5 页 to honor=in order to honor，作目的状语，意为“为了纪念”。8.B。句意：我们需要采取行动而不是在这儿等待问题被解决。从句意可知问题现在还没有被解决。to be solved 作后置定语，表示将要被解决，故选 B 项。注意区分过去分词作后置定语表示的动作发生的时间。done 表示动作已完成；being done：表示动作正在进行；to be done 表示动作将要发生。9.B。句意：你本不应该那样对待我。我的心都碎了。对不起，Paul。我不是有意要伤害你的。本题考查非谓语动词作宾语。mean to do sth.打算做某事。l0.A。句意：你曾经挑选了一些好看的蔬菜做沙拉，结果发现这些蔬菜特别苦吗?本题考查非谓语动词作状语。不定式作结果状语，表示意料之外的结果，故答案为 A 项。11.C。此处是不定式作后置定语，从语义和 before 提示可知，Harrison Ford 曾经是一个木匠，故用不定式的完成式，排除 A 和 B 两项；D 项强调“到现在还一直是木匠”，与语义不符，故排除，据此答案选 C 项。12.D。句意：人们认为有近 50 万人由于灾害而离开了他们的家园。leave 这个动作发生在are believed 之前，因此非谓语动词应该用完成式，据此这里选 D 项。13.D。句意：马上去睡觉。难道你忘了你得尽早起床以便赶上早班火车吗?不定式 to catch作目的状语，意为“为了/以便能赶上(早班车)”。14.A。句意：我们应该好好利用时间把功课学好。此处用 to learn our lessons well 作目的状语。15.D。句意：据报道在中国发现了曹操墓，这件事引起全国的注意。to have been done 为动词不定式完成式的被动形式，表示“已经被”。report 后要用不定式，又因“发现”发生在“报道”之前，且“墓”和“发现”是被动关系，所以选 D 项。二、完形填空 1.A。宽容对人的身心健康有好处。beneficial 对有益处的。2.D。physical 和 mental 相对应。3.B。show 在此是“表现”的意思。宽容的人较少表现出抑郁、生气 4.A。Forgive for Good 是书名，只有用 author 才符合语境。5.B。save 在此是“节省”的意思。因此它能帮助减少我们器官的损耗。6.D。可以让人更加充满活力。allow 使可能。7.C。fo1low 在此是“遵循”的意思。试着按照这些步骤(做)。8.B。缓和你的愤怒(anger)情绪。9.A。想一些让你感到愉悦的事。10.C。自然界的美景(a beautiful scene)会使人愉悦。1l.D。不要等待别人的道歉。根据下文“you wait for people to apologize”可知答案。12.C。has/have no intention of apologizing 意为“无意道歉”。13.A。或者他们只是看问题的“方式”和你不一样。14.D。awfully，非常，极其。你可能会等非常长的时间。15.A。give in to sb.意为“向某人屈服”。记住宽容不一定意味着你向让你难过的人屈服了。16.B。hurt 在此强调精神上、心灵上的创伤。17.C。instead of 而不是，代替。不要把注意力放在你受伤害的感情上。18.A。学会发现你周围的爱、美和善。around 是介词，表示“在周围”。19.B。站在别人的立场上，你能充分了解到别人表现出的无知、恐惧甚至是爱。realize 在句中表示“充分了解”。20.D。宽容的人总是拥有更充沛的精力，更好的胃口，以及更好的睡眠方式。appetite 食欲，胃口，符合语境。第 6 页 三、阅读理解 1A。根据第三段可以得出答案，第三段出现了两次 legend，第一次是在第一行 a legend or key，第二次是在第六行 A legend，also called a key，is a guide to the symbols and colors used in the graph答案直接可以在第六行找到，与答案选项表述一样 a guide to the symbols and colors 2D。根据表述“In graph 1，we see that the x-axis shows grades that students earned，and the y-axis shows how many students earned each gradeYou can see that 6 students earned an A because the bar for A stretches up to 6 on the vertical measurement.”可以看到，6 个学生获得了A，可以得到答案。另外其实不需要看文字说明，直接看图读图就可以得出答案。C 以上就是包含 A，B，C，其中 A 为 6，B 为 10，C 为 4，所以答案为 20 3C。不需要看文字说明，直接看图读图就可以得出答案。从曲线图可以得出答案是 Day 3。4D。不需要看文字说明，直接看图读图就可以得出答案。从扇形图可以得出 Clothing 占比例最多。四、短文改错 As a middle school student of Senior Three,I do sports one and two hours a day,such as or doing morning exercises,playing basketball,long-distance running and so on.I think it is very helpfully to me.Take exercise makes me even more healthier so that I wont be ill very often.helpful Taking Whats more,I also get myself relaxing in different kinds of sports.Only in this way I do a relaxed will/can better job in my study in high spirits.For doing physical exercise,Im becoming stronger and By more confident than ago.I did think it is necessary for everyone to spend some time on sports before/ever do every day so peoples health is important in modern life.because 五、书面表达 Dear Professor Smith，boys and girls!I still remember that one year ago,it was here that we gave Professor Smith a warm welcome.Now we gather here once again to say goodbye to him.In the past year,Professor Smith has made great contributions to the improvement of English teaching quality of our school.He has brought us not only advanced teaching methods,but also new ideas of teaching and learning.Its an obvious fact that the English communicative abilities of our students have improved a great deal as a result of Professor Smiths efforts.During the past year,Professor Smith and our students and teachers have made good friends.We feel sorry that we have to say goodbye now.But Im sure we will remember each other in the days to come.Now please allow me to express our sincere thanks once again on behalf of all the students and teachers of our school and wish Professor Smith a pleasant journey home.