[VIP专享]0739翻译对比社戏鲁迅5237.pdf

0739 翻译：社戏对比（鲁迅）(a)Community Chinese Opera(Lu Xun)translated by:alexcwlin;edited by:Adam Lam)(b)Village Opera 杨宪益英译我在倒数上去的二十年中，只看过两回中国戏，(a)In tracing through the last twenty years,I only watched Chinese opera twice.(b)During the past twenty years I have been to the Chinese opera only twice.前十年是绝不看，因为没有看戏的意思和机会，(a)In the first ten years I would not have watched any because I didnt have the reason or the opportunity to do so.(b)During the first ten years I never went,having neither the desire nor the Opportunity.那两回全在后十年，然而都没有看出什么来就走了。(a)The two times I did watch was in the recent ten years,but then each time I left the show without figuring out anything.(b)The two occasions on which I went were in the past ten years,but each time I left without seeing anything in it.-第一回是民国元年我初到北京的时候，当时一个朋友对我说，北京戏最好，你不去见见世面么？(a)The first time was in the initial year after the Republic of China took reign and I newly arrived at Beijing.A friend told me Beijing opera was the greatest and why wouldnt I check that out to broaden my sight of the world?(b)The first time was in 1912 when I was new to Peking.A friend told me Peking had the best opera and that seeing it was an experience I shouldnt miss.我想，看戏是有味的，而况在北京呢。于是都兴致勃勃的跑到什么园，戏文已经开场了，在外面也早听到冬冬地响。(a)I thought watching opera would be fun,especially it was in Beijing.So in all the excitement we ran to one theater.The show had already started when we got there,and we could hear the booming sounds from outside.(b)I thought it might be interesting to see an opera,especially in Peking,and hurried in high spirits to some theatre,the name of which I have forgotten.The performance had already started.Even outside I could hear the beat of the drums.我们挨进门，几个红的绿的在我的眼前一闪烁，便又看见戏台下满是许多头，(a)We waited our turn to get in the door.Once inside,I could see bright red and green objects glittering on stage,and the floor level was packed with people.(b)As we squeezed in,bright colours flashed in view,and I saw many heads in the auditorium;再定神四面看，却见中间也还有几个空座，挤过去要坐时，又有人对我发议论，(a)When I collected myself and looked around,I saw there were a few empty seats in the middle.When I squeezed my way over to take those seats,someone took issue.(b)as I scanned the theatre I saw a few seats in the middle still empty.But when 1 squeezed in to sit down,someone spoke up.我因为耳朵已经喤的响着了，用了心，才听到他是说“有人，不行！”(a)Because my ears were ringing from the loud noises,I had to pay attention before I could hear what he said was:“No!These seats have been taken.”(b)There was such a throbbing in my ears I had to listen attentively to catch what he was sayingSorry,these seats are taken!-我们退到后面，一个辫子很光的却来领我们到了侧面，指出一个地位来。(a)We retreated to the back and someone with a sleek pigtail led us to the side and pointed to a seat.(b)We went to the back,but then a man with a glossy queue led us to a side aisle,and indicated an unoccupied place.这所谓地位者，原来是一条长凳，然而他那坐板比我的上腿要狭到四分之三，他的脚比我的下腿要长过三分之二。(a)This so-called seat was a long bench with a narrow seating width that measured to three-quarters of my upper thigh,and the length of its legs was two-thirds longer than my lower leg.(b)This was a bench only three-quarters the width of my thighs,but with legs nearly twice as long as mine.我先是没有爬上去的勇气，接着便联想到私刑拷打的刑具，不由的毛骨悚然的走出了。(a)In the first place I didnt have the courage to climb up.Then the thought of a private torture device that resembled it sent shivers up my spine and I had to walk out.(b)To begin with I hadnt the courage to get up there,and then it reminded me of some instrument of torture,and with an involuntary shudder I fled.-走了许多路，忽听得我的朋友的声音道，“究竟怎的？”我回过脸去，原来他也被我带出来了。(a)I went a fair distance and suddenly I heard my friends voice saying:“Whats going on?”I looked back and it turned out he had followed my lead out.(b)I had gone some distance,when I heard my friends voice,asking:Well,whats the matter?Looking over my shoulder I saw he had followed me out.他很诧异的说，“怎么总是走，不答应？”我说，“朋友，对不起，我耳朵只在冬冬喤喤的响，并没有听到你的话。”(a)He said in a surprised tone:“Why did you keep walking without answering what I asked you?”I said:“My friend,Im terribly sorry.My ears are ringing from the booming and I couldnt hear what you said.”(b)He seemed very surprised.Why do you march along without a word?he demanded.Im sorry,I told him.Theres such a pounding in my ears,I couldnt hear you.后来我每一想到，便很以为奇怪，似乎这戏太不好，否则便是我近来在戏台下不适于生存了。(a)The whole incident seemed odd every time I thought about it.Maybe the opera was not too good;otherwise it was because recently I was not fit to survive down from an opera stage.(b)Whenever I thought back on the incident,it struck me as very strange,and I supposed that the opera had been a very poor oneor else a theatre was no place for me.-第二回忘记了那一年，总之是募集湖北水灾捐而谭叫天还没有死。(a)I forgot which year it was for the second trip.Anyway,it was a fund-raising event for the flood disaster in Hubei,and Tan Jiaotian was still alive at the time.(b)I forget in what year I made the second venture,but funds were being raised for flood victims in Hupeh,and Tan Hsin-pei was still alive.捐法是两元钱买一张戏票，可以到第一舞台去看戏，扮演的多是名角，其一就是小叫天。(a)In this donation drive,paying two dollars for a theater ticket entitled the ticket holder to watch the opera performed in The First Stage.Many casting members were celebrity performers and one of them was Xiao Jiaotian.(b)By paying two dollars for a ticket,you contributed money and could go to the Number One Theatre to see an opera with a cast made up for the most part of famous actors,one being Tan Hsin-pei himself.我买了一张票，本是对于劝募人聊以塞责的，然而似乎又有好事家乘机对我说了些叫天不可不看的大法要了。(a)Initially I bought a ticket merely because I felt obligated when the fund-raiser asked.But then a nosy person took the opportunity to describe to me some must-see jaw-dropping acts of Jiaotian.(b)I bought a ticket primarily to satisfy the collector,but then some busy-body seized the opportunity to tell me why Tan Hsin-pei simply had to be seen.我于是忘了前几年的冬冬喤喤之灾，竟到第一舞台去了，但大约一半也因为重价购来的宝票，总得使用了才舒服。我打听得叫天出台是迟的，而第一舞台却是新式构造，用不着争座位，(a)So the deafening booming noise disaster a few years back was like water off a ducks back and in the end,I made my trip to The First Stage.Also half of the reason was the precious ticket had cost me a bundle and I would feel better if I didnt let it go to waste.I got wind that Jiaotian would not be coming on stage until late in the show.Also The First Stage was a modern setup and there was no need to fight for seats.(b)At that,I forgot the disastrous din and crash of a few years before,and went to the theatreprobably half because I had paid so much for that precious ticket that I wouldnt feel comfortable if I didnt use it.I learned that Tan Hsin-pei made his appearance late in the evening,and Number One Theatre was a modern one where you didnt have to fight for your seat.便放了心，延宕到九点钟才去，谁料照例，人都满了，连立足也难，我只得挤在远处的人丛中看一个老旦在台上唱。(a)So with nothing to worry about,I dragged my feet and didnt get there until nine oclock.Who would have thought as usual the place was packed with people.Even finding room to stand was difficult.I had to be content with wedging myself in the crowd and listening from afar to the singing of an actor who was role-playing an old woman on stage.(b)That reassured me,and I waited till nine oclock before setting out.To my surprise,just as before,it was full.There was hardly any standing room and I had to squeeze into the crowd at the rear to watch an actor singing an old womans part.那老旦嘴边插着两个点火的纸捻子，旁边有一个鬼卒，我费尽思量，才疑心他或者是目连的母亲，因为后来又出来了一个和尚。(a)Two burning elongated paper strips came out from the mouth of the actor and standing beside him was a ghost-hunter from netherworld.I thought hard and suspected he could represent the mother of Mulian because a monk came out later.(b)He had a paper spill burning at each corner of his mouth and there was a devil-soldier beside him.I racked my brains and guessed that this might be Maudgalyayanas mother,because the next to come on was a monk.然而我又不知道那名角是谁，就去问挤小在我的左边的一位胖绅士。他很看不起似的斜瞥了我一眼，说道，“龚云甫！”(a)I couldnt recognize the name of the renowned actor and asked a chubby gentleman crammed tightly with me on my left side.He looked at me with disdain from the corner of his eyes and said:“Gong Yunfu!”(b)Not recognizing the actor,I asked a fat gentleman who was squeezed in on my left.Kung Yun-fu!he said,throwing me a withering look from the corner of his eye.我深愧浅陋而且粗疏，脸上一热，同时脑里也制出了决不再问的定章，(a)I felt deeply ashamed for my ignorance and inattentiveness.My face grew hot from embarrassment and in my mind I set a rule for myself not to ask any more questions.(b)My face burned with shame for my ignorant blunder,and I mentally resolved that at all costs I would ask no more questions.于是看小旦唱，看花旦唱，看老生唱，看不知什么角色唱，看一大班人乱打，看两三个人互打，从九点多到十点，从十点到十一点，从十一点到十一点半，从十一点半到十二点，然而叫天竟还没有来。(a)So I heard the singing from supporting-role actress,leading-role actress,old-man-role actor and whatnot-role performers.Then I saw fights on stage between a large number of performers and also between two or three of them.I waited for a long timefrom nine to ten,from ten to eleven,from eleven to eleven-thirty,and from eleven-thirty to twelve,yet there was no trace of Jiaotian.(b)Then I watched a heroine and her maid sing,next an old man and some other characters I couldnt identify.After that,I watched a whole group fight a free-for-all,and after that,two or three people fighting togetherfrom after nine till ten,from ten till eleven,from eleven till eleven thirty,from eleven thirty till twelve:but there was no sign of Tan Hsin-pei.-我向来没有这样忍耐的等待过什么事物，(a)I never had such patience in waiting for anything for so long before(b)Never in my life have I waited for anything so patiently.而况这身边的胖绅士的吁吁的喘气，这台上的冬冬喤喤的敲打，红红绿绿的晃荡，加之以十二点，忽而使我省误到在这里不适于生存了。(a)On top of that,there were the heavy wheezing of the overweight gentlemen beside me,the loud booming of percussion instruments on stage,the dizzy swaying of red/green costumes in the opera,and the late hour of twelve midnight at the time.Together all these things suddenly made me realize this place was unfit for humans to survive.(b)But the wheezes of the fat gentleman next to me,the clanging,tinkling,drumming and gonging on the stage,the whirl of bright colours and the lateness of the hour suddenly made me realize that this was no place for me.我同时便机械的拧转身子，用力往外只一挤，觉得背后便已满满的，大约那弹性的胖绅士早在我的空处胖开了他的右半身了。(a)At that moment,I instinctively turned my body around.In squeezing my way through,I felt my back was jammed and probably the fat right side of the gentlemans supple body had taken over the space.(b)Mechanically I turned round,and tried with might and main to shove my way out.I felt the place behind me fill up at onceno doubt the elastic fat gentleman had expanded his right side into my empty place.我后无回路，自然挤而又挤，终于出了大门。街上除了专等看客的车辆之外，几乎没有什么行人了，大门口却还有十几个人昂着头看戏目，别有一堆人站着并不看什么，我想：他们大概是看散戏之后出来的女人们的，而叫天却还没有来(a)With the way blocked behind me,naturally I pressed on and on.Finally I got out of the front door.Other than vehicles waiting for opera-goers on the street,there were hardly any pedestrians.At the front entrance,there were ten and some odd people looking up at the theater programs on billboards.Also there was a group of people standing around doing nothing and I guessed they were women after watching the opera.But then Jiaotian had not appeared.(b)With my retreat cut off,naturally there was nothing to do but push and push till at last I was out of the door.Apart from the rickshaws waiting for the playgoers,there was practically no one walking outside,but there were still a dozen people by the gate looking up at the programme,and another group not looking at anything,who must,I thought,be waiting to watch the women come out after the show was over.There was no sign of Tan Hsin-pei.-然而夜气很清爽，真所谓“沁人心脾”，我在北京遇着这样的好空气，仿佛这是第一遭了。(a)However,the air at night was comfortably and refreshingly crisp.It seemed that was the first time I had ever experienced such excellent air in Beijing.(b)But the night air was so brisk,it went right through me.This seemed to be the first time I had known such good air in Peking.-这一夜，就是我对于中国戏告了别的一夜，此后再没有想到他，即使偶而经过戏园，我们也漠不相关，精神上早已一在天之南一在地之北了。(a)That night was the night I bid adieu to Chinese opera.From then on,I never thought about it again.Even in passing by a theater occasionally,I would not pay any attention to it.In my mind we simply would not mix like water and oil.(b)I said goodbye to Chinese opera that night.I never thought about it again,and,if by any chance I passed a theatre,it meant nothing to me for in spirit we were poles apart.-但是前几天，我忽在无意之中看到一本日本文的书，可惜忘记了书名和著者，总之是关于中国戏的。(a)But a few days ago I stumbled upon a Japanese book which name and author I couldnt recall.Anyway it was about Chinese opera.(b)A few days ago,however,I happened to read a Japanese bookunfortunately I have forgotten the title and author,but it was about the Chinese opera.其中有一篇，大意仿佛说，中国戏是大敲，大叫，大跳，使看客头昏脑眩，(a)An article more or less said Chinese opera was about exaggerated drumming,clamoring and hopping around that would make the audiences heads spin.(b)One chapter made the point that Chinese opera is so full of gongs and cymbals,shouting and jumping,that it makes the onlookers heads swim.很不适于剧场，但若在野外散漫的所在，远远的看起来，也自有他的风致。我当时觉着这正是说了在我意中而未曾想到的话，因为我确记得在野外看过很好的戏，到北京以后的连进两回戏园去，也许还是受了那时的影响哩。可惜我不知道怎么一来，竟将书名忘却了。(a)As such,it was not suitable for a theater.But it could have a special flavor if it was shown casually in an open space environment and watched from distance.I felt it really spoke what I subconsciously had in mind but didnt think about,because I can remember I saw a very good opera in an open area.That experience could have influenced my decision for those two opera theater trips in Beijing.Regrettably for whatever reason,I forgot the name of the book.(b)It is quite unsuited for presentation in a theatre but,if performed in the open air and watched from a distance,it has its charm.I felt this put into words what had remained unformulated in my mind,because as a matter of fact I clearly remembered seeing a really good opera in the country,and it was under its influence,perhaps,that after coming to Peking,I went twice to the theatre.Its a pity that,somehow or other,Ive forgotten the name of that book.-至于我看好戏的时候，却实在已经是“远哉遥遥”的了，其时恐怕我还不过十一二岁。我们鲁镇的习惯，本来是凡有出嫁的女儿，倘自己还未当家，夏间便大抵回到母家去消夏。(a)My trip to watch an enjoyable opera happened in the distant past when I was only eleven or twelve years old.A custom in our Lu Village was any married woman who,before she became head of a household,would return to her mothers home for the summer.(b)As to when I saw that good opera,it was really long,long ago,and I could not have been much more than eleven or twelve.It was the custom in Luchen where we lived for married women who were not yet in charge of the household to go back to their parents home for the summer.那时我的祖母虽然还康建，但母亲也已分担了些家务，所以夏期便不能多日的归省了，(a)At that time although my grandmother was still healthy,my mother was charged with some household responsibilities and therefore could not spend too much time with her parents during summer.(b)Although my fathers mother was then still quite strong