中考英语阅读理解练习篇35精讲四附详解.doc14075.pdf

2019-2020 年中考英语阅读理解练习篇 35 精编精讲（四）（附详解）Most people want to work,but it has become more difficult in today worlds to find work for everyone.The economy (经济)of the world needs to grow by 4%each year j ust to keep the old number of jobs for people.Often this is not possible,and so more pe ople are out of work.Some people have no jobs now because new machines can do the work of many people in short time.Also,machines do not ask for more money and long er holiday.In all of the countries of the world,machines are taking work from people,n ot only in factories but also on the farms.One machine can often do the work from fort y people.About 75,000 people are moving to the cities a day to look for jobs,but only 70%of them can find jobs.1.It was _ for people to find work before than today.2.If the economy of the world grows by 4%each year,_.A.people will have no jobs B.people can still have jobs as before C.4%of the people will have jobs D.97%of the people will have jobs 3.One machine can do as much work as _.A.40%of the people B.4%of the people in the world C.40 people D.75,000 people 4.How many people outside cities go into to look for jobs each day?A.70%of the people.B.4%of the people in the world.C.More than 75,000.D.About 75,000 people.5.Which of the following is NOT true?A.Machines are taking work instead of people.B.Now more people are out of work.C.Machines need more money and longer holidays.D.Most people want to have jobs.【答案及解析】1.由短文的第一句话 It has become more difficult in today worlds to find work for everyone.可知现在找工作比以前更困难，即以前找工作比现在容易得多。所以答案选 D。2.由短文的第二句话 The economy of the world needs to grow by 4%each year just to keep the old number of jobs for the people.准确地理解了这一句话的意思就能得出正 确答案为 B。3.由短文的倒数第二句话 One machine can often do the work of forty people.可知此题的正确答案为 C。4.此题根据原文的最后一句话可直接得出答案为 D。5.此题在原文中都可找到答案，而 C 答案与作者的观点 Machines do not ask for mor e money and longer holiday.不一致，所以选 C。【实例二】A young man once went into town and bought himself a pair of trousers.When he got home,he went upstairs to his bedroom and put them on.He found that they were ab out two inches too long.He came downstairs,where his mother and his two sisters were washing up tea thing s in the kitchen.“Thesenew trousers are too long.”He said.“They need shortening(缩 短)by about two inches.Would one of you mind doing this for me,please?”His mother and sisters were busy and none of them said anything.But as soon as his mother had finished washing up,she went quietly upstairs to her son bedrooms and shortened the trousers by two inches.She came downstairs without say ing anything to her daughters.Later on,after supper,the elder sister remembered her brother tr ousers.She was a kind-hearted girl,so she went quietly upstairs without saying anything to anyone,and shor tened the trousers by two inches.The younger sister went to the cinema,but when she came back,she,too,remembe red what her brother had said.So she ran upstairs and took two inches off the legs of th e new trousers.1.The young man bought the new trousers _ his size.A.as long as B.two inches longer than C.as big as D.two inches shorter than 2.He asked _ to shorten his new trousers.A.his mother and sisters C.his elder sister B.D.his two sisters his mother and one of his sisters 3.His mother and sisters _.A.agreed to do that B.didn want to do that C.said nothing to him D.said something to him 4.His elder sister shortened the trousers _.A.after finished washing B.before she went to bed C.when she came back from the cinema D.after having supper 5.The next morning the young man would find the trousers were _.A.two inches shorter B.four inches shorter C.six inches shorter D.eight inches shorter 【答案及解析】1.B.第一段的最后一句 He found that they were about two inches too long.2.A.年轻人提出缩短裤子的要求，这个要求是向在场的妈妈和他的两个姐妹提出的。3.C.因当时妈妈和姐妹俩都忙于干活，所以当时都没有回答他的话。4.D.从第四段的原句(Later on,after supper,the elder sister remembered her brother s trousers)中我们可知是晚饭后去把裤子缩短了。5.C.通读全文，知道有三人把裤子各缩短了两英寸，那么总共缩短了六英寸。【实例三】When you are learning English,you find it not clever to put an English sentence,wo rd for word,into your own language.Take the sentence“How do you do?”as an exam ple.If you look up each word in the dictionary,one at a time,what is your translation?It must be a wrong sentence in your own language.Languages do not just have different sounds,they are different in many ways.It ims portant to master(掌握)the rules(规则)for word order in the study of English,too.If the speaker puts words in a wrong order,the listener can understand the speaker sentence easily.Sometimes when the order of words in an English sentence is changed,the meani ng of the sentence changes,But sometimes the order is changed,the meaning of the sente nce doesn changet.Let see the difference between the two pairs of sentences.“Sheonly likes apples.”“Only she likes apples.”“Ihave seen the film already.”“Ihave already seen the film.”When you are learning English,you must do your best to get the spirit(精神实质)of the language and use it as the English speaker does.1.From the passage we know that _when we are learning English.A.we shouldn put every word into our own language B.we should look up every word in the dictionary C.we need to put every word into our own language D.we must read word by word 2.The writer thinks it is _ in learning English.3.We can learn from the passage that _.A.the meaning of an English sentence always changes with the order of the words B.The order of words can never change the meaning of an English sentence C.sometimes different order of words has a different meaning D.if the order of words is different,the meaning of the sentence must be different 4.“Sheonly likes apples.”.A.is the same as“Only she likes apples.”B.is different from“Only she likes apples.”C.means“Shelikes fruit except apples.”D.means“Shedoesn liket apples.”5.Which is the best title (标题)for this passage?A.Different Orders,Different Meanings B.How to Speak English C.How to Put English into Our Own Language D.How to Learn English 【答案及解析】1.A.从整篇文章我们知道，在学习英语翻译句子时，我们不能逐字逐词译成母语，这样做是不明智的，结果是译成错误的句子。2.B.从文章中的第二段的这一句中 It importants to master the rules for word order in the study of English,too.可知 B 项为正确答案。3.C.从文章所举的两组例子和原句 Sometimes when the order of words in an Englis h sentence is changed,the meaning of the sentence changes.说明了作者的这一观点：有 时，不同的词序会有不同的意思。4.B.She only likes apples.only 在这句中修饰动词 likes，意为“她只喜欢苹果，而不 喜欢吃其它水果”。Only she likes apples.only 在此句中修饰主语 she，意为“只有她喜欢苹 果，而其他人就不一定喜欢吃苹果了。”所以正确答案是 B。5.D.从整篇文章可以看出其大意是 “怎样学习英语？”，把它作为标题应该是最佳的。【实例四】A cheap sweater Mr.Ford saw a nice sweater in the shop window.It was very cheap.So he bought one.When he went back home he put the sweater on,It was all right and he was please d with it.In the afternoon he went out to work in his garden.It soon began to rain,and Mr.Ford had to run into his house.He ran quickly,but he still got wet.Then his sweater started to shrink.It got smaller and smaller.Mr.Ford tried to take it off,but he couldn t.In the end,with the help of his wife,he got out of the sweater.Mrs.Ford laughed,“You see,you bought a cheap thing,but”阅读短文，然后根据文章内容判断下列各句是否正确，对的用 “T”错误的用、“F”表示。1.Mr.Ford bought the sweater because it was very nice and cheap.2.“Shrink here”means“becomesmaller ”.3.Mr.Ford was not good at buying things.4.Mr.Ford put the sweater on as soon as he bought it.5.Mr.Ford took off the sweater by himself.【答案与解的】1.T.第 1 小题的句意与文章的第 1 自然段意思相同，所以符合短文内容。2.T.从文章的第四自然段可知 shrink 的意思就是 become smaller。所以符合短文内容。3.T.Ford 先生上午买的衣服下午穿在身上被雨水打湿后就缩小变形了，由此可知 For d 先生不擅长买东西。4.F.从文章中的 When he went back home he put the sweater on.可知,他是买了带回家才穿的。所以第四小题与短文内容不相符合。5.F.从文章的最后一段可知他是在妻子的帮助下才把衣服给脱下来的。所以与短文内容不相符合。“先题后文”阅读方法说明 关于“先题后文”，同学们运用此法时要注意：1.先读题时只能是读其问题或题干，而不能读问题后的选项，否则不仅浪费时间，而且也无法记住众多答案所表达的众多信息。2.在读了题之后，要把这些问题记在心里，并带着这些问题去阅读短文，关于这一点 考生是要经过反复的训练才能形成能力的，因为短文后的这些问题本身所表达的信息并不象 短文那样有情节，也不象短文那样连贯，所以有不少同学在开始试用这种方法时，往往先读 了题之后(尤其是当问题较多时)再读短文时，又忘记是什么问题了。3.带着问题读短文时，对短文中出现的那些与问题有关的词句，你可以用一支铅笔在 短文中作些记号，以便为下一步选择作好准备，但也要注意不要每读到一个与问题有关的信息点就停下来去对照后面的问题，因为这样转来转去要耽误一些时间，另一方面有些问题往往要通过对短文的全面了解才能作出结论，而不能仅仅从一、二个信息点作出判断。4.带着问题读完短文之后，接着便是选择理解题的答案。虽然你是带着问题去阅读短 文的，但也并不是说你在阅读时带去的问题全部得到了答案，也可能有些还没有把握(尤其 是一些主观理解题)，这时你同样要带着这些“疑题”去跳读短文 (具体做法参见上面的“先文后 题”的有关说明 )。