延续性动词和短暂性动词转换归纳5394.pdf

延续性动词和短暂性动词转换归纳 瞬间动词可以用于现在完成时，但不能和表示一段时间的状语连用如:for 和 since 所引导的时间状语都表示一段时间.那就要将瞬间动词转化为表延续的动词或者表状态的be+名词形容词或副词介词短语等。leave been away from buyhave borrowkeep diebe dead get upbe up put onbe on/wear come/get backbe back go to townbe in town losebe missing catch a coldhave a cold closebe closed/not open open be open fall ill/asleep be ill/asleep begin/startbe on return-be back marry-be married finish-be over become-be come/go to be in/at arrive in（at）/get to/reachbe in/at join +名词-be in +组织/be a（an）+组织成员 get/receive a letter fromhave a letter from 一看时间状语。如果句中没有表示过去确切时间的状语，常用现在完成时；如果有，则只能用一般过去时。如：I have visited the factory.I visited the factory last year.二看句首有无疑问词。如果笼统地问人家做过某事了吗（句首无疑问词），常用现在完成时；但进一步询问何时、何地、何原因、用什么方式做那事时（句首有疑问词）就要用一般过去时。如：Have you had your breakfast Yes,I have.When did you have it At seven thirty.注意：这种用法是以连贯性问答为背景的。否则就需要具体情况具体分析。如：How many words have you learned by heart How did you learn them by heart 三看句中谓语动词是否为延续性动词。如果表示的动作或状态一直延续到现在，最好选用延续性动词，并使用现在完成时；如果是瞬间动词，则用一般过去时。如：He has been a league member for two months.He joined the Youth League two months ago.