备战2022年中考英语专题复习——选词填空(说明文)解析版6526.pdf

备战 2022 年中考英语专题复习选词填空（说明文）一、选词填空（词汇运用）用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空,每词仅用一次(每空一词)。come build be show read Have you ever listened to the sound in your heart?Have you ever met an article which has the same idea as yours?The TV program,The Reader,1 popular since it came out on CCTV-1 on February 18th,2017.It 2 the beauty of Chinese language and the power of reading.It is produced by Dong Qing,a famous hostess.The Reader invites many guests to read something that influences them most.Not only famous people but also common people can be the guests.Liu Chuanzhi,the founder of Lenovo,3 to The Reader as a common father.He said,As long as you are an honest man,you are my good son whatever your job is!This program has turned reading into a new fashion.Now,a few Reading Booths(朗读亭)4 in many cities.Even on rainy days,people still wait in long lines 5 in the booths.Reading is helpful to us because it will make us wise,happy and knowledgeable.What are you waiting for?Why not start reading now?用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，每词仅用一次(每空一词)。although astronaut high wide leave Virtual Reality(虚拟现实)has already become a reality.By wearing a pair of VR goggles(护目镜)which is connected to your computer,you can experience a lot of things without 6 the room.From climbing the 7 mountain in the world to flying like an 8 ,the things you can experience with VR are amazing.9 this technology is still far from perfect,it is believed that VR will be 10 accepted in the near future.用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，每词仅用一次(每空一词)。because calleven they house Halloween is celebrated in North America.People celebrate it on October 31st.Many people make their 11 look scary by turning off the lights or putting spiders and ghosts around their doors and windows.Children love the festival 12 they can dress up as ghosts or black cats.Some 13 dress up as fun things like cartoon characters.Their parents take them to visit 14 neighbors.They like to play a game 15 Trick or Treat.It means if you dont give children a treat,they will play a trick on you.Although Halloween is popular in North America,people in China seldom celebrate it.用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，每词仅用一次(每空一词)。strong argue women other than One news story is about men pretending to be women to enter the womens events in modern Olympics.People are 16 about how fair it is to test women athletes to make sure they are not men.One side argues that men are much 17 ,so will win any womens event.They say that athletes are tested to make sure they are not using drugs and more importantly,women should be tested to make sure they are not men.The 18 side argues that this is unfair to women.They say skill is more important 19 strength.But has this ever really happened?The answer is yes,several times!The most famous case is that of Dora in 1936Olympics.A male athlete competed the 20 high jump under the name of Dora.Did he get the gold metal?No.Dora just came fourth.用单词的正确形式完成短文 instead they relax quick count It is time to go to bed,but you cant fall asleep.One sheep,two sheep.You start to count sheep.But does it really work?Researchers did some tests.21 sheep may not be a very good way to fall asleep.Some people try very hard to count.They think about the numbers a lot.This way,they can be more clear-headed.It is hard for 22 to sleep.23 ,you can try taking a bath to fall asleep.You can also think about a quiet beach or a walk in the woods.Thinking about these things makes you feel 24 .These help you fall asleep much more 25 .用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，每词仅用一次(每空一词)。So thousand show danger put Using chopsticks and spoons to share food is a big part of Chinese culture.Chinese people began to use them 26 of years ago.People usually used their own chopsticks and spoons to share food with others.They thought it was a way to show love.But now,this eating habit can be 27 because of COVID-19.People with virus may infect(传染)others.28 more and more restaurants begin to offer serving chopsticks and spoons now.Such chopsticks and spoons are used when people want to fill their plate or bowl.They are not 29 in anyones mouth.And they are popular at home,too.Some people once started an activity called Using Serving Chopsticks with People You like.It is telling people that the use of serving chopsticks 30 love,and politeness.用单词的正确形式完成短文 quick good in make what The best way of learning a language is using it.The best way of learning English is talking 31 English as much as possible.Sometimes youll get your words mixed up(混合)and people wont understand you.Sometimes people will say things too 32 and you couldnt understand them.But if you have a sense of humor,you can always have a good laugh at the mistakes.Its 33 for people to laugh at your mistakes than to be angry with you,because they dont understand 34 you are saying.The most important thing for learning English is:Dont be afraid of 35 mistakes.根据短文内容，从方框中选择适当的单词填空，每个单词只能用一次，每空一词。like more asking way depends when help or them politely When you are lost or have some kinds of problems,it might be an idea to ask for information or 36 ,so its important to know how to ask for information 37 and properly(合适地).Usually people change the 38 they speak when they talk with different people.It mostly 39 on the people you are speaking to or your relationship(关系)with them.Sometimes,when you know the people very well,you may talk more directly(直接地)to them,just 40 Tom,where is my pen?or Lucy,whats the time?However,if you dont know 41 very well,it might be better to speak in a more polite way like Excuse me,could you please Sometimes it may take you a little 42 time to express(表达)what you want,such as I am sorry to trouble you,but or Excuse me,I wonder if you can help me.before 43 for help.In a word,if you want to get some help from others 44 you are in trouble,you must be polite first,45 you wont get the answer you want.用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使对话通顺、正确，每词仅用一次(每空一词)。tour use collect pollute swim Human beings are always caring little about what they litter into water.To draw peoples attention to the problem of water 46 ,an environmental group called Green kayak is doing something great.They allow travelers to 47 the cities in Europe by boat for free,but the travellers have to pick up any rubbish they find along the waterway.The group provides each traveller with a two-hour free boat tour,some 48 tools,and also a life jacket.Its not necessary for travellers to be good at 49 because they dont need to jump into water for the rubbish.Since the program began in 2017,travellers have helped 50 nearly 11,000kg rubbish,including plastic bags,bottles and even shoes.用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，每词仅用一次(每空一词)。at vsitor recent set crowded The street-stall economy(地摊经济)in China has been popular 51 .Many young people often joke with their friends and say to each other:How about 52 up a street stall in the fair？The current fair is a blend of Chinas old streetstall culture and the boundless creativity of young people in big cities.Usually,the square is wide and 53 .And the products on display in the market are local products,small but useful things,and even talent shows.As the first night fair opened in Ningbo,Nanmen Night Fair has attracted many 54 .Here,people can see the shadows of Chinese street stalls more than 10 years ago,recall their childhood,and experience old and new culture 55 the same time.Come and have fun here.答案解析部分【解析】【分析】【文章大意】本文介绍了朗读者这个节目，不仅名人而且普通人都能成为这个节目的嘉宾。这个节目让读书变成了一种时尚。come 来；build 建筑；be 是；show 节目；read 阅读【点评】考查选词填空，注意结合语境，进行必要的词形变化。1句意：电视节目朗读者，自从 2017 年 2 月 18 日在中央电视 1 频道播出以来就很受欢迎。根据 since it came out on CCTV-1 on February 18th,2017 可知，句子是现在完成时，节目被受欢迎，句子使用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是单数，助动词用 has，故填 has been。2句意：它展示了汉语的美和阅读的力量。show 展示，此处描述客观事实，句子使用一般现在时，it是第三人称单数，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，故填 shows。3句意：联想的创始人刘川志作为一个共同的父亲来到读者面前。come，来，此处描述过去发生的动作，句子使用一般过去时，故填 came。4句意：，许多城市都建起了一些朗读亭。build 建立，根据语境句子是现在完成时，也可表示一般性的情况，使用一般现在时，Reading Booths 和动词 build 之间是动宾关系，句子使用被动语态，主语是复数。故填 are built/have been built。5句意：即使在雨天，人们也会排成排队去阅读。read 阅读，此处要用不定式表目的，故填 to read。【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了虚拟现实的基本情况。although 虽然，尽管；astronaut 宇航员；high 高的；wide 宽的；leave 离开。【点评】考查选词填空。首先跳过空格通读全文，了解文章大意，然后根据语境选择正确的词性和词形，注意固定短语，语法和句型结构等因素。6句意：你可以不离开房间而经历很多事情。根据前面 By wearing a pair of VR goggles(护目镜)which is connected to your computer,通过戴上一副与你的电脑相连的虚拟现实眼镜，可知，此处指不离开房间，without 后跟动名词，故填 leaving。7句意：从攀登世界上最高的山到像一个宇航员一样地飞翔。根据空后名词可知，此处需要形容词作定语；根据空前定冠词和空后 mountain in the world 可知，此处指最高的，故填 highest。8句意：从攀登世界上最高的山到像一个宇航员一样地飞翔。根据空前不定冠词 an 可知，此处需要可数名词单数，根据 flying like 可知，此处指宇航员，故填 astronaut。9句意：尽管这项技术还远远不够完美，相信 VR 在不久的将来会被广泛接受。根据前后句句意可知，前句表示让步关系，用 although 引导让步状语从句，故填 Although。10句意：尽管这项技术还远远不够完美，相信 VR 在不久的将来会被广泛接受。此处修饰动词，需要副词，根据 accepted 可知，此处指被广泛接受，widely 广泛地，副词，故填 widely。【解析】【分析】大意：本文主要介绍了在北美人们是如何庆祝万圣节的。选项意思：because 因为 call 打电话;叫作 even 甚至 they 他们 house 房子【点评】考查选词填空，注意先读懂文章大意，然后根据句意并结合上下文写出单词的正确形式，11句意：许多人使他们的房子看上去很恐怖。根据下文 by turning off the lights or putting spiders and ghosts around their doors and windows.关闭灯或者在他们门窗周围放上蜘蛛或者鬼魂。可知，许多人把他们的房子装扮地很恐怖。house,房子，可数名词。主语Many people 许多人，因此有多个房子，故答案为 houses。12句意：孩子们喜欢这个节日因为他们可以装扮成鬼魂或者黑猫的形象。根据句意空格前后表示因果关系，because，因为，连词。故答案为 because。13句意：一些孩子甚至装扮成一些滑稽的形象，像卡通人物。dress up as 装扮成，动词短语，可以用副词修饰，even，甚至，副词。根据句意，这里指，一些孩子甚至装扮成一些滑稽的形象，故答案为even。14句意：他们的父母带他们去拜访他们的邻居。空格后 neighbors 为名词，前面需要形容词来修饰，they,他们，代词，their，他们的，形容词性物主代词，故答案为 their。15句意：他们喜欢玩一个叫作“不给糖就捣蛋”的游戏。call，称作，叫作，动词。game 和 Trick or Treat 之间是被动关系，故答案为 called。【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文介绍了有人认为参加奥运会的女运动员应进行检测，以确保他们不是男运动员，这是公平的。还有人认为技能比力量更重要。在文中讲述了德国纳粹分子派了一个男人“多拉”去参加女子跳高比赛，结果没有拿到金牌，我们可以得出结论，男人并不总是会赢。所给单词意思：strong 强壮的；argue 争论；women 女人；other 其他的；than 比【点评】考查选词填空。先弄清所给单词意思。然后通读短文，理解短文大意。然后认真阅读每个句子，根据句意和上下文的联系确定句子中所缺的词，从所给的选项中选出合适的词，并且用其正确形式填空。16句意：人们正在讨论测试女运动员以确保她们不是男性是多么公平。根据 One side argues that men are much stronger,so will win any womens event.The other side argues that this is unfair to women.可知是人们在争论这个问题，argue 争论，讨论，此处句子时态是现在进行时，现在进行时的结构 am/are/is+doing，故答案为 arguing。17句意：一方争论说男人比女人强壮的多，因此会赢得任何女士的比赛。根据 so will win any womens event.可知他们认为男人比女人强壮的多。strong 强壮的，根据 much 可知此处是比较级结构，故答案为 stronger。18句意：另一方争论说这对女人是不公平的。根据 One side argues that men are much stronger,so will win any womens event.可知另一方认为这对女人是不公平的。one.the other.一个.另一个，可知此处是另一个，故答案为 other。19句意：他们说技能比力气更重要。可知 skill is more important 可知此处是技能和力气作比较，此处是比较词 than，故答案为 than。20句意：一个男性运动员参加了名叫“朵拉”的女士跳过比赛。根据 Did he get the gold metal?No.Dora just came fourth.可知此处是男运动员参加了女子跳过比赛，得了第四名。women 女人，女子跳过比赛 womens high jump，故答案为 womens。【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述研究人员发现失眠时数羊并不有助于睡眠，失眠时通过想象一些能让人放松的事更有助于睡眠。instead 相反；they 他们；relax 放松；quick 迅速的；count 数数。【点评】考查选词填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。21句意：数羊可能不是一个很好的助眠方式。根据上文“One sheep,two sheep.You start to count sheep.”可知，此处指通过数羊来入睡，count 数数；分析句子成分及句意可知，sheep 在这里不是主语，句子缺少主语，count 的动名词形式为 counting，位于句首要大写，Counting sheep 动名词短语作句子的主语。故填 Counting。22句意：对他们来说，入睡很难。此处句型为：It is adj for sb.to do sth.，根据上文“This way,they can be more clear-headed.”可知，这里指的是“they”，介词 for 后加代词宾格，they 的宾格为 them。故填 them。23句意：然而，你可以试着洗个澡助眠。根据上文“It is hard for.to sleep.”以及“you can try taking a bath to fall asleep.”可知，此处表示转折，instead 然而，副词，修饰整个句子，放在句首需要大写。故填 Instead。24句意：想一想那些能让你感到放松的事。根据“You can also think about a quiet beach or a walk in the woods.”可知，睡前应该想能让人放松的事，此处是“感到放松的”，形容人的感觉，relax 要加ed。故填 relaxed。25句意：这会让你更快地入睡。此处缺少副词修饰“fall asleep”，更快地入睡，quick 的副词形式为 quickly。故填 quickly。【解析】【分析】这篇短文讲述了新冠肺炎改变了中国人的饮食习惯。为了预防新冠病毒的传播，中国人开始使用公筷，它代表着爱和礼貌。so 因此，于是，thousand 千，show 表示，danger 危险，put 放。【点评】考查选词填空，本题考查单词在语境中的运用需要根据单词在语境中的词性进行必要的变形，同时熟记固定搭配和基本句型。26句意：中国人几千年前就开始使用它们了。固定词组，thousands of 数千的，成千上万的，故填thousands。27句意：但是现在，由于新冠肺炎，这种饮食习惯可能是危险的。be 动词后接形容词作表语，根据下文 People with virus may infect others.携带病毒的人可能会感染其他人。由此可知，此处指的是”这种饮食习惯可能是危险的。“，danger 危险，名词，形容词为 dangerous，故填 dangerous。28句意：所以现在越来越多的餐馆开始提供公筷和公勺。根据前面People with virus may infect others.携带病毒的人可能会感染其他人。由此可知，表示结果关系，”因此“，连接后面的句子，句子开头字母要大写，故填 So。29句意：它们不会被放进任何人的嘴里。根据语境，they 指代”serving chopsticks and spoons“，公筷和公勺，动作承受者充当主语，谓语动词要用被动语态，”put.in“,把放进里，一般现在时的被动语态 be+过去分词，空格前有 are，put 过去分词为 put，故填 put。30句意：它在告诉人们使用公筷是爱和礼貌的表现。根据 The use of serving chopsticks（公筷的使用）是句子的主语，”love and politeness(爱和礼貌)是句子的宾语“，这里应该填入谓语动词，”表示爱和礼貌“，动词用 show，一般现在时，主语 the use 单数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填shows。【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要关于学习英语的办法。学习英语的最好办法是使用它，不要在意别人的嘲笑，不要害怕犯错误。选项意思：quick 快的；good 好的；in 在里；make 使；what 什么。【点评】考查选词填空。先浏览全文，理解短文大意，然后分析选项意思，根据语境和句意选择正确的选项，最后填出正确的单词。31句意：学习英语最好的办法就是尽可能地多用英语交谈。固定搭配“in English”表示“用英语”，此处表示用英语交谈。故填 in。32句意：有时候人们说话会说得太快，你不能理解他们的意思。根据“you couldnt understand them”可知，空处指的是“快速地”，修饰动词 say。故填 quickly。33句意：人们因为不能理解你在说什么而嘲笑你的错误总比生你的气好。根据“than to be angry with you”可知，此处为比较级，备选词汇“good 好的”符合语境，其比较级形式为“better”。故填better。34句意：人们因为不能理解你在说什么而嘲笑你的错误总比生你的气好。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少宾语，“what”引导宾语从句，作 understand 的宾语。故填 what。35句意：不要害怕犯错。此处应填入一个动词，固定搭配“make mistakes”表示“犯错误”；be afraid of 后面加动词 ing 形式。故填 making。【解析】【分析】这篇短文讲的是当你有困难向别人求助时一定要有礼貌，否则你就不会得到你想要的信息。【点评】考查选词填空，本题考查单词在语境中的运用需要根据单词在语境中的词性进行必要的变形，同时熟记固定搭配和基本句型。36句意：当你迷路或遇到一些问题时，向别人寻求信息或帮助可能是个好主意。根据从句 When you are lost or have some kinds of problems 可以推断出这里指“向别人寻求信息或帮助”，固定词组 ask for help 求助，故填 help。37句意：因此知道如何礼貌而恰当地向别人寻求信息是很重要的。ask 实义动词，修饰实义动词要用副词，根据下文描述可知这里指“礼貌而恰当地向别人寻求信息”，“礼貌地”，politely，故填politely。38句意：通常人们在与不同的人交谈时会改变说话的方式。这里指“改变他们的说话的方式”，way方式，定语从句 they speak 修饰先行词 the way，省略关系词 that 或 in which，故填 way。39句意：这主要取决于你与之交谈的人或你与他们的关系。固定词组，depend on 取决于，一般现在时，主语 it 是第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填 depends。40句意：有时，当你非常了解这些人时，你可以更直接地和他们交谈，就像“汤姆，我的钢笔在哪里？”或者“露西，几点了？”。“就像”，just like.，like 介词，“像”，故填 like。41句意：不过，如果你对他们不是很了解，最好用更礼貌的方式说话。know 知道，及物动词，后接人称代词宾格。根据上句 Sometimes,when you know the people very well,you may talk more directly to them.可知这里指“the people”,要用 them，故填 them。42句意：有时你可能需要多花点时间来表达自己的想法。time 时间，名词，修饰名词要用形容词充当定语，a little 修饰形容词比较级，“多花点时间”，用 more，故填 more。43句意：有时你可能需要多花点时间来表达自己的想法，比如“对不起，打扰你了，但是”或者“对不起，我不知道你能不能帮我”然后再求助。固定词组，before doing sth.做某事之前，动词要用动名词，ask for help 求助，故填 asking。44句意：总之，当你遇到困难时，如果你想得到别人的帮助，你必须先有礼貌，否则你将得不到你想要的答案。when 引导时间状语从句，当的时候，故填 when。45句意：总之，当你遇到困难时，如果你想得到别人的帮助，你必须先有礼貌，否则你将得不到你想要的答案。联系前后句，这里表示“否则，要不然”，表示转折关系，连词用 or，故填 or。【解析】【分析】主要讲了为了引起人们对水污染问题的关注，一个名为绿色皮艇的环保组织正在做一些伟大的事情。他们允许游客免费乘船游览欧洲的城市，但游客必须捡起沿途发现的任何垃圾。tour 游览；use 使用；collect 收集；pollute 污染；swim 游泳【点评】考查选词填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。46句意：为了引起人们对水污染问题的关注，一个名为绿色皮艇的环保组织正在做一些伟大的事情。根据前句 Human beings are always caring little about what they litter into water.人类总是很少关心他们扔到水里的东西，可知讲的是水污染，即 water pollution，固定搭配，pollute 污染，实义动词，名词是 pollution，污染，不可数名词，故填 pollution。47句意：他们允许游客免费乘船游览欧洲的城市，但游客必须捡起沿途发现的任何垃圾。根据句子中 the travellers 游客可知是允许游客游览城市，tour 游览，实义动词，allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事，固定搭配，所以用 tour，故填 tour。48句意：旅游团为每位游客提供两小时的免费游船、一些有用的工具和一件救生衣。tools 工具，名词，结合选项可知前面用形容词，旅游团提供有用的工具，use 使用实义动词，形容词修饰名词，所以用 use 的形容词 useful，有用的，故填 useful。49句意：旅行者不必擅长游泳，因为他们不需要跳进水里去捡垃圾。根据后句 they dont need to jump into water for the rubbish.他们不需要跳进水里去捡垃圾，可知他们没有必要擅长游泳，swim 游泳，实义动词，be good at doing sth.擅长做某事，固定搭配，所以 swim 用 swimming，故填swimming。50句意：自 2017 年该项目启动以来，旅行者们已经帮助收集了近 11000 公斤的垃圾，包括塑料袋、瓶子甚至鞋子。rubbish 垃圾，根据全文可知是让游客捡垃圾，即收集，collect，实义动词，help do sth.帮忙做某事，固定搭配，所以 collect 用原形，故填 collect。【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了地摊经济在中国的发展情况。at 在；vsitor 游客；recent 近来的；set 设置；crowded 拥挤的。【点评】考查选词填空。首先跳过空格通读全文，了解文章大意，然后分析所给单词，根据语境选择正确的词性和词形，注意固定短语，语法和句型结构等因素。51句意：近来，在中国，地摊经济很受欢迎。此