2019_2020学年高中英语Unit6DesignSectionⅣLanguagePointsⅡLesson2&Lesson3讲义北师大版必修22019101431831905.pdf

-1-Section Language Points()(Lesson 2&Lesson 3).单词拼写 根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词 1 True friends always share their sadness and happiness(快乐)with each other.2 The house is very large with a wide balcony(阳台)3 To the children in the school，she is a real angel(天使)4 My uncle is a religious(虔诚的)man and he goes to church every Sunday.5 She wore so much jewellery(珠宝)that she seemed to be covered in gold.6 The roofs of the houses were covered with leaves.7 A famous architect designed the building.8 He was caught in the rain on his way home and got his new shoes ruined 9 A Chinese wont think that Chinese characters are more difficult to write than English words.10The Tang Dynasty is usually regarded as a rich period in Chinese history.拓展词汇 根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词 1 jewel n珠宝，首饰jewellery n(总称)珠宝 2 architect n建筑师architecture n建筑学，建筑风格 3 ruin vt.毁坏，毁灭 ruins n废墟 4 happy adj.幸福的，快乐的happiness n幸福，快乐happily adv.快乐地，幸福地 5 relate vt.把与联系起来relation n联系，关系related adj.相关的，有联系的 寻规律、巧记忆 adj.ness n v.ed adj.darkness n黑暗 tiredness n疲劳，疲倦 kindness n好意 silliness n愚蠢 accustomed adj.通常的，习惯的 addicted adj.上瘾的，有强烈兴趣的 disabled adj.残废的，残疾的.补全短语 -2-根据提示补全下列短语 1 sort of 有点，有几分地 2 as if/though 好像，仿佛 3 be located in 位于；坐落于 4 as many as 多达；和一样多 5 come out 出现；出版；结果是 6 date back(to)追溯到 7 put up 举起；张贴，挂上 8 be used as 被当作使用 9 relate to 把联系起来 10refer to 提到，谈到；查阅，参阅 11cross out 划掉，删掉 12in the shape of 以形式；呈的形状 13come up 被提出，被考虑；走近 14try out 试用，试验 15leave out 遗漏，省略.选词填空 选用上述短语的适当形式填空 1 As a matter of fact，most of The Great Wall dates back to the Ming Dynasty.2 Something happened when Thomas Edison tried out his new ideas on the train.3 We dont allow putting up posters and ads at the school gate.4 What I have to say refers to all of you.5 Hes been acting sort of strange lately.背教材原句 记句式结构 仿写促落实 1.Write down as many words as you can that give new information and are stressed.尽可能多地写下那些给予新的信息以及被强调的单词。as.as sb.can/could意为“尽可能”，相当于 as.as possible Please answer my questions as soon as possible/you can.请尽快回答我的问题。2.People to whom the dead person was related would make these offerings on special days and during festivals.“介词关系代词”引导定语从句 This is the ship by which I went to Shanghai.这是我去上海所乘坐的船。-3-死者亲属会在特殊的日子和节日期间摆出这些供品。feature n特征，特色(教材 P38)features：balcony，tower，roof，statue 特色：阳台，塔顶，房顶，雕像 feature v 是的特征；以为特色；起重要作用；是主要特色 feature in 在中起主要作用 feature.as.以为特征/色 An interesting feature of the city is the old market.这座城市的一个有趣的特色就是它的旧市场。Many of the hotels feature in the brochure offer special deals for weekend breaks.小册子列举的多家旅馆都有周末特别优惠。The film features Anthony Hopleins as Picasso.这部电影由安东尼霍普金斯扮演毕加索。ruin vt.毁坏，毁灭 ruin n 废墟；毁坏；灭亡；崩溃 in ruins 成为废墟；破败不堪 fall into ruin 破败；坍塌 bring.to ruin 使毁灭 Dont let negativity ruin your motivation.不要让消极毁了你的动机。When they returned to Rockaway the next day，they found their neighborhood in ruins.第二天回到洛克威的时候，他们发现他们的街区成为了废墟。A large number of churches fell into ruin after the war.战争过后，许多教堂都毁了。-4-图形助记“毁坏”不容忽视 destroy damage ruin 破坏(不能修复)毁坏，损坏(还可修复)(逐渐)毁坏 sort of 有几分地(教材 P39)Inside，its sort of strange.里面，有点奇怪。(1)sort ofa little/a bit/kind of 一点儿 a sort ofa kind of 一种 all sorts ofall kinds of 各种各样的 some sort of 某种(2)sort v.分类，整理 Im sort of disappointed that Grandma didnt come to my birthday party.奶奶没来参加我的生日聚会，我有点失望。I dont like all sorts(sort)of music.我并不是喜欢各种音乐。They should pay some sort of tax and be fined for not wearing them.如果不穿戴它们的话，他们应该缴某种税和被罚款。date back(to)追溯到(教材 P40)Paper cuts of animals have been found in tombs which date back to the time of the Northern and Southern Dynasty!在南北朝时期的墓中就已经发现了动物剪纸！(1)date from 追溯到(2)date n.日期；约会 have a date with.与约会(3)outofdate 过时的 up todate 最新的 Chinas modernday space ambitions date back to 1970，when it sent the countrys first satellite into orbit.-5-中国当代探索太空的雄心自 1970年就开始了，那一年中国把自己的第一颗卫星送入了轨道。Sixtyfive may be outofdate as the dividing line between middle age and old age.把 65 岁作为中年和老年的分水岭已经过时了。They have access to uptodate information through a computer database.他们可以通过计算机数据库获得最新信息。名师点津 date back to相当于 date from，只能用于主动语态，不能用被动语态和进行时，但可用其v.ing形式作定语、补语、状语等。谈论现存的物品或建筑物时，虽然这一事物建造于过去某一时期，但仍用一般现在时。purpose n目的，意图(教材 P40)Mr Chen went on to explain that there are three types of paper cuts which people still make today：paper cuts for decoration，for religious purposes and for design patterns.陈先生继续解释说，如今人们还在剪的剪纸有三种：装饰剪纸、宗教剪纸，剪纸设计。for/with the purpose of 为了目的 on purpose 故意地，有目的地 to the purpose 合乎目的地；中肯地 The purpose of education is to replace an empty mind with an open one.Malcolm Forbes 教育的目的是用能接受新思想的头脑去取代一个空虚的灵魂。马尔科姆福布斯 She seems to do these things on purpose.她似乎有意做这些事。Disney went to the town with the purpose of finding a job.为了能找到一份工作，迪斯尼进城了。put up公布；张贴；举起，抬起；建造，搭建；提供膳宿(教材 P40)They are usually put up during holidays to bring good luck.它们通常在节日期间被贴上，以求好运。写出下列句中 put up的含义 Will you help me put up this picture？张贴 Put your hand up if you want to ask a question.举起 -6-The hikers put up tents for the night.搭建 We can put you up for the night，but you must show your ID.提供膳宿 put up with 忍受，容忍 put aside 把放在一边，暂不考虑；储蓄 put away 收拾起来；储蓄 put forward 提出(计划)put down 写下，记下 put on 穿上；上演；假装 put off 推迟，拖延 put out 熄灭；伸出；生产 I can put up with the house being untidy，but I hate it if its not clean.我能忍受这套房子凌乱，但不喜欢它不干净。They put forward a number of suggestions.他们提出了一些建议。character n(书写或印刷的)字，字体；个性；特色；特征；人物，角色(教材P40)Paper cuts which show the Chinese character for double happiness are often used to celebrate weddings.剪纸汉字双喜常常用于庆祝婚礼。写出下列句中 character的含义 His character is very different from his wife.性格 You can look up a character under its radical(部首)汉字 I find all the characters in his new play amusing.人物角色 I wish this book was written in bigger characters.字体(1)in character 符合某人的性格 out of character 不符合某人的性格(2)characteristic adj.特有的 n.特征，特色(3)characterize vt.使具有特点，是的特征 Her behavior last night was quite out of character.她昨晚的举止与她的性格很不相符。She spoke with characteristic(character)enthusiasm.她说话带着特有的热情。图形助记 character多含义 -7-try out 试用；试验(教材 P40)I was also ready to try out papercutting for myself.我还准备好了亲自制作剪纸。try on 试穿 try out for sth.参加选拔；试演 try for 力争获得 try ones best 尽力 Jamie could hardly wait to try out his new bike.杰米迫不及待地想试一下他的新自行车。More than a hundred university students are trying for a job in the Civil Service in China on average this year.在中国，今年平均每个公务员职位有超过百名大学生在竞争。I tried my best to comfort her.我尽了最大努力去安慰她。(教材 P39)Write down as many words as you can that give new information and are stressed.尽可能多地写下那些给予新的信息以及被强调的单词。【要点提炼】as.as sb.can/could“尽可能”，相当于 as.as possible。as.as sb.can/could 句式中，as.as 之间应用adj.或adv.原级，有时形容词后还可以加名词，常用于 asadj.a/ann.as 结构。He gets up early to remember as many words as possible.他早起以便尽可能多地记住单词。Please let me know your decision as soon as possible(as soon as you can)请尽快告诉我你的决定。I dont want as expensive a car as this.我不要这么贵的汽车。(教材 P40)A present for parents whose child has recently been born might show -8-a paper cut of children，for example.例如，给刚为人父母的人送的礼物会装饰有孩子图案的剪纸。【要点提炼】本句为主从复合句，whose child has recently been born 为定语从句，修饰先行词 parents。whose 引导定语从句，其后须跟名词，构成“whose名词短语”，whose用作定语。whose 引导定语从句，其先行词不仅可以指人，还可以指物。“whose名词短语”可转化为“the名词介词which/whom”或“介词which/whomthe名词”结构，这两种结构词序不同，表达的意义一样。This is the woman scientist whose name is known to all over the country.这是一个名字被整个国家所熟知的女科学家。The book whose cover is missing is mine.那本封面丢了的书是我的。This is Miss Lin whose story I have told you.这是林女士，我告诉过你她的故事 (教材 P40)“A young farmer who wanted a wife would look at a young womans papercutting skills before marrying her！”explained Mr Chen，laughing at the look of surprise on my face.【分析】本句是一个复合句。直接引语中 who 引导的是定语从句，修饰先行词 farmer；现在分词短语 laughing at.作伴随状语。【翻译】看着我脸上的惊异表情，陈先生笑着解释道：“年轻农夫会依据年轻女子的剪纸手艺来挑选自己的新娘！”关系代词引导的定语从句 语 境 自 主 领 悟 先观察教材原句 后自主感悟 Chen Zijiang is a papercutting expert whom I interviewed for my article on Chinese Art.Paper cutting is something that he learned to do from an early age.Paper cuts of animals have been found in 1.例句中的先行词为 expert，指人，在定语从句中作宾语，故用 whom 引导。2.例句中的先行词为 something，指物，在定语从句中作宾语，故用 that 引导。3.例句中的先行词为 tombs，指物，在定语从句中作主语，故用 which 引导。-9-tombs which date back to the time of the Northern and Southern Dynasty！A young farmer who wanted a wife would look at a young womans papercutting skills before marrying her！A present for parents whose child has recently been born might show a paper cut of children，for example.4.例句中的先行词为 farmer，指人，在定语从句中作主语，故用 who 引导。5.例句中的先行词为 parents，在定语从句中作定语，故用 whose 引导。一、定语从句的关系代词 关系代词是用来指代先行词是人或物的词。关系代词有 who，whom，whose，that，which等。1 that 既可以指人也可以指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时可省略。The noodles(that)I cooked were delicious.(作宾语)我煮的面条很好吃。The woman that spoke to me in the shop is my aunt.(作主语)在商店里和我说话的那个妇女是我的姨妈。2 which 仅指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可以省略。China is a country which has a long history.(作主语)中国是一个具有悠久历史的国家。The fish(which)we bought this morning was not fresh.(作宾语)我们今天早晨买的鱼不新鲜。3 who 指人，在定语从句中作主语，在口语中也可作宾语，作宾语时可省略。The man who is shaking hands with my teacher is my father.(作主语)正在和老师握手的那个人是我父亲。The girl(who)I spoke to is a nurse.(作宾语)和我说话的那个女孩是一位护士。4 whom 指人，是 who 的宾格形式，在定语从句中作宾语，可以省略。She is the manager(whom)you want to know.(作宾语)她是你想认识的那个经理。5 whose 指人或物，在定语从句中作定语。I know a boy whose father is an engineer.(作定语)我认识一个男孩，他的父亲是位工程师。She saw a film whose name she has forgotten.(作定语)-10-她看了一部电影，名字她忘记了。名师点津 whose 在定语从句中指物时可说成“the名词of which”或“of whichthe名词”的形式。He has written a book whose name Ive forgotten.He has written a book the name of which Ive forgotten.He has written a book of which the name Ive forgotten.他写了一本书，我忘了书名。即时演练 1 单句改错 He is the right man whom you are looking for him.去掉 him This is the very book that you need it very much.去掉 it 二、值得注意的几个问题 1 关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于先行词的单复数。Is he the man who/that wants to see you?他就是想见你的那个人吗？Those who are in their fifties are required to have a physical examination this afternoon.那些年龄在五十岁以上的人被要求于今天下午去体检。2 关系代词只用 that 不用 which 的情形。(1)当 something，anything，nothing，the one，all，much，few，any，little 等作先行词或先行词被 any，few，little，no，all修饰时，只用 that，不用 which。This is all(that)we have learned from her.这是所有我们从她那儿了解的情况。(2)先行词被 the only，the very修饰时，只用 that。These are the very points that puzzle me.这些正是使我迷惑的地方。(3)先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时，只用 that。This is the most beautiful and cleanest city that I have visited in China.这是我游览过的中国最美丽也最干净的城市。(4)先行词既有人，又有物时。He talked about the men and the places that attracted him.他谈论了吸引他的那些人和地方。(5)主句是以 which 或 who 开头的特殊疑问句时。Which is the hotel that you stayed at last night?-11-你昨晚住的是哪一家旅馆？(6)关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。China isnt the country that it was.中国已不是过去的样子了。3 关系代词只用 which 不用 that 的情形。(1)关系代词前有介词时。This is the map by which we can get to the national park.借助这张地图我们能到达那个国家公园。(2)先行词是 that 或 those 时。I dont like those which he gave me.我不喜欢他给我的那些。(3)一个先行词有两个并列定语从句时，为了避免重复，一个用 that，另一个用 which，且 that 和 which 在定语从句中作宾语时，第一个 that 可省略，而第二个一般不省略。The car(that)I bought for my son and which he sold two years later is on the market.我为我儿子买的而两年后他又卖掉了的那辆车现在又上市了。即时演练 2 用适当的关系词填空 Because of my poor memory，all that you told me has been forgotten.This is one of the best books that have ever been written.单句语法填空 1 Mr.Green invited many friends to his party whom he respected very much.2 I like those books whose topics are about history.3 This is the very book that you bought yesterday.4 She described in her composition the people and places that impressed her most.5 Who is the man that is speaking over there?.单句改错 1 The movie which name is Titanic is very touching.whichwhose 2 Do you have anything which you want to say for yourself？whichthat 3 These are the students I teach them.去掉 them 4 This is the bank its office was broken into last night.itswhose 5 He is the man that paid for the meal.thatwho -12-.单句语法填空 1 In this remote village stands an ancient temple dating(date)from hundreds of years ago.2 Years of fighting have left the area in ruins(ruin)3 The academy，located(locate)in your city，has a truly international flavour.4 Tom is one of the boys who are(be)on time.5 I have a lot to say in relation to that accident.单句改错 1 There are a small number of people involved，possibly as little as twenty.littlefew 2 In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay on ruins.onin 3 My hometown is a village，locating at the foot of a hill.locatinglocated 4 A study of language should feature as an English literature course.asin.完成句子 1 离开父母这么久，我多少有点想他们。I sort/kind of miss my parents after leaving them so long.2 你们所有人明天早晨一定要尽量早来。All of you must come as early as you can/possible tomorrow morning 3 我们应该在做实验之前把所有的设备都试一下。We should try out all the equipment before we do the experiment.4 中华文化的起源可以追溯到 5 000多年之前。The origin of Chinese culture dates back to more than 5，000 years ago.