2020届高三精准培优专练一动词的时态和语态(教师版)43521.pdf

名师整理，助你成功 2020 届高三名师教育精准培优专练 1.（2019江苏卷单项选择）A few months after he had arrived in China,Mr.Smith _ in love with the people and culture there.A.would fall B.had fallen C.has fallen D.fell【答案】D【解析】考查谓语动词时态。句意：他到中国几个月后，就喜欢上了那里的人和文化。发生在 had arrived 之后的动作或状态应用一般过去时。故选 D。2.（2019江苏卷单项选择）They are trying to make sure that 5G terminals _ by 2022 for the Beijing Winter Olympics.A.will install B.will have been installed C.are installed D.have been installed【答案】B【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：他们正努力确保在 2022 年北京冬奥会之前安装 5G 终端。表示在将来某一时间以前已经完成或一直持续的动作，用将来完成时。“5G 终端”和“安装”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，故选 B。3.（2019江苏卷单项选择）The musician along with his band members _ ten performances in the last three months.A.gives B.has given C.have given D.give【答案】B【解析】考查现在完成时与主谓一致。句意：在过去的三个月里，这名音乐家与他的乐队成员已经完成了十场演出。由 in the last three months 可知，这句话的时态为现在完成时，故排除 AD 选项。本句主语为 the musician，为第三人称单数形式，句中的 along with his band members 是附加成分，故谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。故选 B。4.（2019天津卷单项选择）_ to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage,but I couldnt manage it.A.had hoped B.am hoping C.have hoped D.would hope 培优点一 动词的时态和语态 一、真题在线 名师整理，助你成功 【答案】A【解析】考查过去完成时。句意：我本来计划在 Peter 结婚时送他一个礼物的，可是我没有做到。第二个分句中 couldnt 用的是一般过去时，所以发生在它之前的动作用过去完成时。故选 A。5.（2019天津卷单项选择）Amy as well as her brothers,_ a warm welcome when returning to the village last week.A.is given B.are given C.was given D.were given【答案】C【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：艾米和她的兄弟们当上周回到村里时，受到了热烈的欢迎。根据 last week 可知，应用过去时，排除选项 A 和 B；本句的主语是 Amy，她受到热烈欢迎，所以用过去时的被动。故选 C。6.（2018北京卷单项选择）Hi,Im Peter.Are you new here?I havent seen you around?Hello,Peter.Im Bob.I just _ on Monday.A.start B.have started C.started D.had started【答案】C【解析】考查时态。句意：嗨，我是彼得。你是新来的吗？我没有在附近见过你。你名师，彼得。我是鲍勃。我周一刚刚开始住在这儿。根据两人谈话内容可知，Bob 现在在这儿，他开始（start）住在这儿是发生在周一的事情，周一是一个过去的时间，故该句应用一般过去时态，C 选项正确。一、单句语法填空 1.I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I _(make)over the years.【答案】have made【解析】考查动词时态。根据该定语从句中时间状语 over the years 可知此处用现在完成时态。句意：我喜欢到这里来看看我的家人和我这些年来交到的朋友们。故填 have made。2.In recent years some Inuit people in Nunayut _(report)increases in bear sightings around human settlements.【答案】have reported【解析】考查时态。根据上下文语境，尤其是时间状语 in recent years 可知，主句用现在完成时态，故填 have reported。二、对点专练 名师整理，助你成功 3.Our hosts shared many of their experiences and _(recommend)wonderful places to eat,shop,and visit.【答案】recommended【解析】考查一般过去时。句意：主人跟我们分享了很多他们的经历并推荐了一些很名师的吃饭、购物和参观的地方。and 前后两个动作 shared 与 recommended 是并列关系，时态一致。故填 recommended。4.On the last day of our week-long stay,we _(invite)to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars【答案】were invited【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。由 on the last day of our week-long stay 可知，句子时态为一般过去时。根据句意：我们被邀请去参加一场私人音乐会，所以用被动语态。主语为 we，故填 were invited。5.Did you enjoy the party?Yes,We _(treat)well by our hosts.【答案】were treated【解析】考查时态和语态。根据上一句中的 Did 可知用一般过去时；且 we 和 treated 是动宾关系，用被动语态，所以应用一般过去时的被动语态，故填 were treated。6.Despite the previous rounds of talks,no agreement _(reach)so far by the two sides.【答案】has been reached【解析】考查时态。句意：尽管之前多轮谈判，但到目前为止双方没有达成任何协议。根据句中的时间状语so far（到目前为止）可知用现在完成时。主语 agreement 与 reach 为被动关系，根据句意可知填 has been reached。7.I had a strong desire to reach in and play with the toy,but _(hold)back thankfully by the shop window.【答案】was held back【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。根据主句中的 had 可知时态是一般过去时；hold 与主语构成逻辑上的被动关系，因此用一般过去时的被动语态，故填 was held back。句意：我极其渴望进到商店去玩那个玩具，但是幸亏被橱窗挡住了。8.Is Peter coming?No,he _(change)his mind after a phone call at the last minute.【答案】changed【解析】考查时态。句意：彼得要来吗？不，他在打完电话的最后一分钟改变了主意。由对话可知此处应该用一般过去时。故填 changed。名师整理，助你成功 9.It is reported that a space station _(build)on the moon in years to come.【答案】will be built【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：据报道，几年后月球上将要建空间站。表示几年后将要发生的动作，用一般将来时态，主语 space station 是谓语动词 build 的承受者，用被动语态。故填 will be built。10.As you go through this book,you _(find)that each of the millions of people who lived through World War II had a different experience.【答案】will find【解析】考查时态。句意：在你浏览这本书的时候，你就会发现经历过二战的百万人中的每一个人都有不同的经历，其中 as 引导的是时间状语从句，主句表达的是将要发生的动作，故用一般将来时 will+动词原形，故答案是 will find。11.He must have sensed that I _(look)at him.He suddenly glanced at me and said quietly,“Why are you staring at me like that?”【答案】was looking【解析】考查时态。因为 must have done 这一结构是对过去动作的推测，表示当时一定做。sensed 后是that 引导的宾语从句，由于主句是过去的动作，所以从句应该用过去的相应时态，由 sensed 可知，动作正在发生，故用过去进行时。所以填 was looking。12.In my hometown,there is always a harvest supper for the farmers after all the wheat _(be)cut.【答案】has been【解析】考查动词时态。句意：在我的家乡，麦子丰收过后农民会有一个庆祝晚餐。现在完成时表示动作已经完成，才会举行庆祝活动，故填 has been。13.To my delight,I _(choose)from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony.【答案】was chosen【解析】考查时态和语态。根据句意：让我高兴的是，我从成百上千的参加者中被选中参加开幕式。可以知道这里应该是被动语态，又因为被选中是过去发生的事情，这里只是对过去发生的事情的一般描述，故用一般过去式，故填 was chosen。14.Just as I got to the school gate,I realized I _(leave)my book in the cafe.【答案】had left【解析】考查时态。句意：我刚一到学校门口，就意识到我把书落在餐馆了。realized 后省略了 that，这里是一个宾语从句，从句时态与主句保持一致，落下的动作发生在意识到之前，应该用过去完成时，故填 had 名师整理，助你成功 left。二、语法填空 A There 1 (be)a new modern art exhibition downtown for the last three days,which 2 (close)this coming Sunday.Having got two tickets for it,I 3 (consider)inviting my friend Tony to go along with me.I know that he 4 (finish)his paper by Sunday and can afford the time.He once 5 (tell)me that he likes modern art,so I think he will be interested in this exhibition.Just this morning,when I entered my office,my colleagues 6 (talk)about it,and some of them said they 7 (go)to see it already.The exhibition 8 (hold)in ten more big cities in America after it goes to San Francisco next week.Ive just called Tony and he has agreed to go with me,saying that he 9 (look)forward to going to an exhibition for months.I will call for him this Sunday.Ill go home for lunch now,as I 10 (starve).1.【答案】has been【解析】考查现在完成时。语境有时间状语 for the last three days，这是现在完成时的标志。2.【答案】will/is going to close/is closing【解析】考查一般将来时或现在进行时。语境有将来的具体时间状语 this coming Sunday，因此这里用一般将来时，或用现在进行时表示将来的动作。句意：最近三天市中心举办一个新的现代艺术展览。该展览本周日结束。3.【答案】am considering【解析】考查现在进行时。从语境看，作者买了票，现在正在考虑邀请托尼去看展览，因此用现在进行 时表示当前正在进行的动作。句意：我买了两张参考展览的票，正在考虑邀请托尼跟我一起去。4.【答案】will have finished【解析】考查将来完成时。句中的时间状语表明这里说的是对延续到将来的某种情况的推测，用将来完 成时。句意：我知道，到星期天的时候，他的论文就已经完成了，可以有时间去参观的。5.【答案】told【解析】考查一般过去时。根据句中的状语 once 判断，本空用提示词的一般过去时，表示过去的动作。句意：他曾经告诉我他喜欢现代艺术，所以我想他对这次展览会感兴趣的。名师整理，助你成功 6.【答案】were talking【解析】考查过去进行时。语境表示：我进办公室时，我的同事们正在谈论这个展览，应该用过去进行 时表示过去某个时候正在进行的动作。7.【答案】had gone【解析】考查过去完成时。主句使用了一般过去时，此时宾语从句的时态与主句呼应，用过去完成时，表 示在过去某一时刻之前已经发生的动作。句意：就在今天早上，当我进办公室的时候，我的同事们正在 谈论这个展览。他们中有人说他们已经参观过了。8.【答案】will be held【解析】考查一般将来时的被动语态。此处叙述的是将来的事情，应用一般将来时，且主语与 hold 之间是被动关系，应用一般将来时的被动语态。句意：本次展览在下周到旧金山展览以后，还将在美国另外十个大城市举办。9.【答案】has been looking【解析】考查现在完成进行时。语境的时间状语 for months 表明这里要用现在完成进行时表示较长时间里一直在做某事。句意：我刚刚给托尼打过电话，他答应跟我一起去，并且说几个月来他一直盼望着能够参观一次展览。10.【答案】am starving【解析】考查现在进行时。这里表示作者此时很饿，用 starve 的现在进行时表示正在发生的动作。句意：我现在要回家吃午饭啦，因为肚子正饿着呢。B Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook.Making Chinese dishes is 1 as especially troublesome.Many westerners who come to China 2 (cook)much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap 3 can be to eat out.I still remember 4 (visit)a friend whod lived here for five years and I 5 (shock)when I learnt she hadnt cooked once in all that time.While regularly eating out seems to 6 (become)common for many young people in recent years,its not without a cost.The obvious one is money;eating out once or twice a week may be 7 (afford)but doing this most days adds up.There could be an even 8 (high)cost on your health.Researchers have 9 (find)that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in weight problems.名师整理，助你成功 If you are not going to suffer this problem,then I suggest that the next time you go to your mums home 10 dinner,get a few cooking tips from her.Cooking food can be fun.You might also begin to notice the effects not only on your health but in your pocket.1.【答案】seen【解析】考查语态和固定搭配。句意：中国菜的制作被认为尤其繁琐。be seen as：被看做，被认为。2.【答案】cook【解析】考查时态。根据定语从句中的 come 和后面是 realize 可知应该用动词原形，故填 cook。3.【答案】it【解析】考查 it 用法。句子为感叹句，正常语序应该是 it can be how cheap to eat out，其中不定式 to eat out是真正主语，it 是形式主语。故填 it。4.【答案】visiting【解析】考查动词形式。此处指我记得去拜访一个在这里住了五年的朋友，表示记得做过某事用 remember doing sth.，故填 visiting。5.【答案】was shocked【解析】考查时态和语态。此处表示我被震惊了。shock 的主语是 I，两者关系是被动，动作发生在过去。故填 was shocked。6.【答案】have become【解析】考查动词时态。根据时间状语 in recent years 可知，用现在完成时，seems to 后用动词原形，故填have become。7.【答案】affordable【解析】考查形容词。此处表示一周一两次外出吃饭是负担得起的。系动词 be 后用形容词作表语，表示“负担得起的”，故填 affordable。8.【答案】higher【解析】考查形容词比较级。此处修饰名词 cost 用形容词，even 表示程度，修饰比较级，故填 higher。9.【答案】found【解析】考查现在完成时。根据后面的 there is 和空前的 have 可知，此处应是现在完成时，故填 found。10.【答案】for【解析】考查介词。表示去母亲家去吃饭，表示去向、目的用介词 for，故填 for。