2020年高考英语二轮复习完形填空类（说明文）专项练习题44731.pdf

1 第五讲 完形填空-说明文专项练习 第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。The small town of Rjukan in Norway is situated between several mountains and does not get direct sunlight from late September to mid-March 41 six months out of the year.Of course,we 42 it when the sun is shining,says Karin Ro,who works for the towns tourism office.“We see the sky is 43 ,but down in the valley its darker its like on a 44 day.”But that 45 when a system of high-tech 46 was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks（山峰）into the valley below.Wednesday,residents（居民）of Rjukan 47 their very first ray of winter sunshine:A row of reflective boards on a nearby mountainside were put to 48 .The mirrors are controlled by a computer that 49 them to turn along with the sun throughout the 50 and to close during windy weather.They reflect a concentrated beam（束）of light onto the towns central 51 ,creating an area of sunlight roughly 600 square meters.When the light 52 ,Rjukan residents gathered together.“People have been 53 there and standing there and taking 54 of each other,Ro says.The town square was totally 55 .I think almost all the people in the town were there.The 3,500 residents cannot all 56 the sunshine at the same time.57 ,the new light feels like more than enough for the towns 58 residents.Its not very 59 ,”she says,but it is enough when we are 60 .”41.A.only B.obviously C.nearly D.precisely【答案】C【解析】考查副词。从 9 月下旬到第二年的 3 月中旬，差不多（nearly)有半年的时间 Rjukan 都得不到太阳光的直射。A:仅，只有；B:明显地，显然；D:准确地。42.A.fear B.believe C.hear D.notice【答案】D【解析】考查动词。根据下文中的 We see the sky 可知此处表达我们注意到（notice)。A:害怕；B:相信；2 C:听到，听说。43.A.empty B.blue C.high D.wide【答案】B【解析】考查形容词。当阳光照耀时天空是蔚蓝色的（blue)。A:空的；C:高的；D:宽的。44.A.cloudy B.normal C.different D.warm【答案】A【解析】考查形容词。根据 its darker 可知选 A(cloudy)。B:正常的；C:不同的；D:温暖的。45.A.helped B.changed C.happened D.mattered【答案】B【解析】考查名词。一套高科技设备被应用以来，这种情况就改变了(changed)。A:帮助；C:发生；D:要紧。46.A.computers B.telescopes C.mirrors D.cameras【答案】C【解析】考查名词。从山峰往山谷底下反射太阳光，应该是采用了一套高科技的镜子（mirrors)。A:电脑；B:望远镜；D:照相机，摄像机。47.A.remembered B.forecasted C.received D.imagined【答案】C【解析】考查动词。周三，Rjukan 的居民接收到了（received)他们冬季里的第一束太阳光。A:记起；B:预报，预测；D:想象，设想。48.A.repair B.risk C.rest D.use【答案】D【解析】考查名词。安装在附近山坡上的一排反光板被投入使用。be put to use 被投入使用。A:维修，修理；B:风险；C:休息。49.A.forbids B.directs C.predicts D.follows【答案】B【解析】考查动词。这些镜子受电脑控制，电脑指示（directs)这些镜子随着太阳转动。A:禁止；C:预言；D:跟随。50.A.day B.night C.month D.year 3【答案】A【解析】考查名词。太阳是在白天出来，所以这些镜子整个白天（day)都在电脑的指示下转动。B:晚上；C:月；D:年。51.A.library B.hall C.square D.street【答案】C【解析】考查名词。这些镜子把一束集中的光线反射到镇中心的广场(square)上，形成一块面积大约为600 平方米的日光区。A:图书馆；B:大厅；D:街道。52.A.appeared B.returned C.faded D.stopped【答案】A【解析】考查动词。当光线出现（appeared)时，这里的居民就聚集在一起。B:回来；C:褪色；D:停止。53.A.driving B.hiding C.camping D.sitting【答案】D【解析】考查动词。人们坐在（sitting)那里、站在那里并相互拍照。A:开车；B:隐藏，躲避；C:露营，宿营。54.A.pictures B.notes C.care D.hold【答案】A【解析】考查名词。根据语境此处应该表达“相互拍照”。55.A.new B.full C.flat D.silent【答案】B【解析】考查形容词。由下文中几乎镇上所有的人都来到了这里可知选 B(充满的）。A:新的；C:平坦的；D:沉默的。56.A.block B.avoid C.enjoy D.store【答案】C【解析】考查动词。句意：这里的 3,500 名居民不能同时都享受到(enjoy)太阳光。A:阻塞；B:避免；D:储存。57.A.Instead B.However C.Gradually D.Similarly【答案】B【解析】考查连接性副词。设空处前后在意思上是转折关系，故选 B 项。A:反而，代替；C:逐渐地；4 D:类似地。58.A.nature-loving B.energy-saving C.weather-beaten D.sun-starved【答案】D【解析】考查形容词。结合前文内容可知，这里的居民非常缺乏太阳光，故选 D 项。A:热爱大自然的；B:节能的；C:受日晒雨淋的。59.A.big B.clear C.cold D.easy【答案】A【解析】考查形容词。根据语境可知此处表达阳光区面积并不是很大。B:清楚的；C:寒冷的；D:容易的 60.A.trying B.waiting C.watching D.sharing【答案】D【解析】考查动词。此处表达镇上的居民共同分享（sharing)这难得的阳光。A:尝试；B:等待；C:观看。第一节 完形填空（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从 115 各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。How long can human beings live?Most scientists who study old age think that the human body is _1_ to live no longer than 120 years.However,110 years is probably the longest that anyone could hope to live if he or she is _2_ healthy and lucky.Some scientists even say we can live as long as 130 years!Yet,our cells simply cannot continue to reproduce _3_.They wear out,and as a result,we get old and _4_ die.Even though we cant live forever,we are living a _5_ life than ever before.In 1900,the average American life span(寿命)was only 47 years,but today it is 75 years!When does old age begin then?Sixty-five may be out-of-date as the _6_ line between middle age and old age.After all,many older people dont begin to experience physical and mental _7_ until after age 75.People are living longer because more people _8_ childhood.Before modern medicine changed the laws of nature,many children died of common childhood _9_.Now that the chances of dying _10_ are much lower,the chances of living long are much higher due to better diets and health care.On the whole,our population is getting older.The _11_ in our population will have lasting effects on our social development and our way of life.Some people fear such changes will be for the worse,while some see 5 _12_,not disaster,many men and women in their“golden years”are healthy,still active,and young in _13_ if not in age.As the society grows old,we need the _14_ of our older citizens.With long lives ahead of them,they need to _15_ active and devoted.1.A.designed B.selected C.improved D.discovered【答案】A 【解析】考查动词辨析 根据句意可知，科学家们认为人体的结构设计决定了人类最多不会活过 120岁故选 A 2.A.completely B.generally C.apparently D.extremely【答案】D 【解析】考查副词辨析 根据上下文可知，此处表示 110 岁很可能是任何一个人可能会希望活的最长的年龄-如果一个人非常的健康和幸运，人们希望能活到 110 岁，故选 D 3.A.rapidly B.harmlessly C.endlessly D.separately【答案】C 【解析】考查副词辨析 根据句意可知，这里表示人类细胞不能永远无止境地自我繁殖，所以人才会变老故选 C 4.A.eventually B.hopelessly C.automatically D.desperately【答案】A 【解析】考查副词辨析 根据语境可知，get old 的最终结果就是死亡，所以用 eventually 表示“最终”故选 A 5.A.busier B.longer C.richer D.happier【答案】B 【解析】考查形容词比较级辨析 根据上下文的语境可知，美国人的平均寿命从 47 岁增长到 75 岁，B 项符合语境，故选 B 6.A.finishing B.guiding C.waiting D.dividing【答案】D 【解析】考查形容词辨析根据句意可知，把 65 岁当做中年和老年的分界线，这已经不适合现在的形势了dividing line 分界线，故选 D 7.A.stress B.damage C.decline D.failure 6【答案】C 【解析】考查名词辨析 根据上文提到的 65岁作为中年和老年的分界线已经过时了，再结合空后的“until after age 75”可知，现在很多老年人是在 75 岁之后身体和精神才开始衰弱的，故选 C 8.A.survive B.enjoy C.remember D.value【答案】A 【解析】考查动词辨析根据这一段的内容和 the chances of living long are much higher due to a better diets and health care 可知，现在的人平均寿命比以前更长的一个原因是人们从童年的疾病中幸存了下来，故选 A 9.A.problems B.fears C.worries D.diseases【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析根据上文的“modern medicine”可知，此处选 disease 符合语境，故选 D 10.A.poor B.young C.sick D.quiet【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析句意：既然年少夭折的可能性更低了，那么活得更长的机会就更高了，因为有了更好的饮食和医学护理poor 穷的；young 年轻的；sick 病的；quiet 安静的根据这一段的意思可知，以前人们在小的时候就因为生病死去了，dying young 就是年少死去故选 B 11.A.changes B.recovery C.safety D.increases【答案】A 【解析】考查名词辨析根据下文中 Some people fear such changes will可知，我们现在的人口结构改变了，故选 A 12.A.dreams B.chances C.strengths D.choices【答案】B 【解析】考查名词辨析根据句意可知，这句话中的 while 表示对比，即跟前一种人不一样的看法，故选 B 13.A.mind B.appearance C.voice D.movement【答案】A 【解析】考查名词辨析句意：现在，很多处在“黄金年龄”的男士和女士，身体都非常健康，仍然积极，心态也很年轻mind 心态；appearance 外表；voice 声音；movement 移动根据句意可知，这里 7 应该是说虽然年龄老了，但是心态依然年轻，故选 A 14.A.protection B.suggestions C.contributions D.permission【答案】C 【解析】考查名词辨析 句意：随着我们的社会老龄化，我们需要这些老年公民们的贡献 protection 保护；suggestions 建议；contributions 贡献；permission 允许根据文意可知，现在的社会逐渐老龄化，因此老年人也要继续给我们的社会做贡献，故选 C 15.A.sound B.appear C.turn D.stay【答案】D 【解析】考查动词辨析 句意：前面还有很长的寿命，他们需要保持积极的心态和奉献的精神 sound 听起来；appear 好像；出现；turn 转，变成；stay 保持根据文意可知，现在人们的寿命更长了，因此老年人也要继续保持积极心态，为我们的社会做贡献故应选 D