2023年高考英语阅读理解备考策略专题05阅读理解之推断及细节类题型43706.pdf

专题 05 阅读理解之推断及细节类题型 一（2022江西金溪一中模拟预测）Meredith J.Eberhart completed the 2,190-plus mile Appalachian Trail on Sunday,becoming the oldest person to hold the honor.Eberhart has probably hiked over 50,000 miles in his life though he doesn t keep track.The 83-year-old man started walking when he retired more than 25 years ago,and never stopped.Eberhart started the 261-day,15-state trip back in February,with the goal of beating previous record holder Dale“Greybeard”Sanders,who finished the entire Appalachian Trail at the age of 82 in 2017.The trail covers over 2,190 miles from Springer Mountain,Georgia,all the way to Mount Katahdin,Maine.However,Eberhart began his journey far from the trail,at his home in Flagg Mountain,Alabama.That added hundreds of extra miles to the route.But Eberhart wasnt worried about that.He once hiked 4,400 miles from the Florida Keys to Northern Quebec,and another time from Chicago to California on Route 66.Eberhart admitted that he was feeling his age and the trail got tough at points,even for an experienced hiker like himself.He fell a few times on slippery rocks,and at one point he got his elbow scratched.However,the accidents didnt stop him.“Ive got a couple of injuries on me,but Im okay,”he said.“Youve got to have incredible determination to do this.”Eberhart hiked the trail out of order in sections so he could complete each part in fine weather.Mindful of his age,Eberhart walked at a rate of no more than eight hours each day.He finished his journey in Massachusetts,where he celebrated with champagne wine and friends.And while some people think this will be his last hike,Eberhart seems to strongly disagree.1What set Eberhart apart from other Appalachian Trail hikers?AThe maximum age.BThe longest distance.CThe minimum time.DThe steepest trail.2Which word best describes Eberharts journey on the Appalachian Trail?ARelaxing.BChallenging.CPleasing.DAppealing.3Why did Eberhart hike the trails in random sections?ATo conserve his energy.BTo catch up with other hikers.CTo make use of good weather.DTo avoid getting injured.4What can we learn from Eberharts success?ALife lies in movement.BAll roads lead to Rome.CHe who laughs last laughs longest.DIts never too late to go after dreams.二（2022四川省内江市第六中学模拟预测）How far would you go to make a good impression at a new job?A college student in Alabama walked 32 kilometres in the dark to get to his new job.The story begins with Walter Carrs car breaking down the night before starting a new job.Carr was unable to find a ride.So,he figured out how long it would take to walk from his house to the job in Pelham32 kilometres away.He left at midnight so that he could make it to the customers house by 8:00 am the next morning.Pelham police saw him walking along a highway at 4:00 am.So,they stopped to see if he needed help.After hearing his story,they took him to a restaurant for breakfast and then to a church where he could safely wait until 8:00 am.The police then took Carr to the home of customer Jenny Lamey.Lamey said that even though Carr had just walked the entire night,he refused her offer to rest.He just wanted to start working.While he worked,he talked with the customer,telling her how much he liked her kitchen.Jenny Lamey later wrote this on Facebook:“I just can t tell you how touched I was by Walter and his journey.He is kind and cheerful and he has big dreams!He is hard-working and tough.”She then started a GoFundMe page to help Walter with money to get his car fixed.When the CEO of Bellhops,Luke Marklin,learned of Carrs story,he drove from Tennessee to Alabama to give Walter his own 2014 Ford Escape.Walter Carrs story touched many others around the United States.Within a few days,people gave over$73,000 to the GoFundMe page.Carr has decided to give a part of the donations to the Birmingham Education Foundation.And he has received more offers for jobs and scholarships for schools.5Why did Walter Carr decide to go to work on foot?AHe wanted to challenge himself.BHe wished to be on time for the job.CHe was unable to borrow a car.DHis car was damaged beyond repair.6What can we infer about Carr from Paragraph 3?AHe was devoted to his job.BHe was blamed by his customer.CHe called the police for help.DHe started to work after a short break.7What kind of person does Lamey think Carr is?ACautious.BGenerous.CAmbitious.DSensitive.8What message does the text really convey?AOne has to suffer in order to get a good job.BA good impression is sure to bring one good money.COne has to give up something in return for donations.DThe efforts to leave a good impression are to pay off.答案 一（2022江西金溪一中模拟预测）【答案】1A 2B 3C 4D【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。83 岁老人埃伯哈特徒步走完 2190 多英里的阿巴拉契亚小径全程，成为走完这条山地徒步线路的最年长者。【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第一段“Meredith J.Eberhart completed the 2,190-plus mile Appalachian Trail on Sunday,becoming the oldest person to hold the honor.(上周日，Meredith J.E berhart 走完了 2190 多英里的阿帕拉契小径，成为获此殊荣的最年长的人。)”可知，Eberhart 与其他的阿帕拉契小径徒步者不同，是因为他是年龄最大的徒步者。故选 A 项。2.推理判断题。根据第四段中“He fell a few times on slippery rocks,and at one point he got his elbow scratched.However,the accidents didnt stop him.“Ive got a couple of injuries on me,but Im okay,”he said.“Youve got to have incredible determination to do this.”(他在光滑的岩石上摔了几次，有一次他的胳膊肘被擦伤了。然而，事故并没有阻止他。“我身上有几处伤，但我没事，”他说。“你必须下定决心去做这件事”)”可知，Eberhart 的旅程是具有挑战性的。故选 B 项。3.细节理解题。根据最后一段首句“Eberhart hiked the trail out of order in sections so he could complete each part in fine weather.(Eberhart 把步道随即分成几部分徒步旅行，以便在天气好的时候完成每一部分。)”可知，Eberhart 要在随机的路段徒步旅行，是为了利用最佳天气。故选 C 项。4.推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Meredith J.Eberhart completed the 2,190-plus mile Appalachian Trail on Sunday,becoming the oldest person to hold the honor.(上周日，Meredith J.E berhart 走完了 2190 多英里的阿帕拉契小径，成为最年长的获此殊荣的人。)”可知，本文主要讲了 83 岁的 Eberhart 设定目标打破戴尔桑德斯保持的记录并获得成功，成为走完阿巴拉契亚小径的最年长者。这充分说明“追求梦想永远为时不晚”。故选 D 项。二（2022四川省内江市第六中学模拟预测）【答案】5B 6A 7C 8D【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个大学生在开始新工作的前一个晚上，车坏了，为了能在第二天早上 8 点到达客户的家，他半夜就出发。他的这份认真感动了许多人，人们纷纷伸出援助之手。5细节理解题。根据第二段“Carr was unable to find a ride.So,he figured out how long it would take to walk from his house to the job in Pelham32 kilometres away.He left at midnight so that he could make it to the customers house by 8:00 am the next morning.(Carr 找不到车。因此，他计算出从他的家步行到 32 公里外的 pelham的工作地点需要多长时间。他在午夜离开，这样他就能在第二天早上 8 点到达客户的家)”可知，他决定步行去工作的原因是因为他想准时工作。故选 B。6推理判断题。根据第三段“Lamey said that even though Carr had just walked the entire night,he refused her offer to rest.He just wanted to start working.While he worked,he talked with the customer,telling her how much he liked her kitchen.(Lamey 说，尽管 Carr 走了一整晚，但他拒绝了她让他休息的提议。他只是想开始工作。他一边工作，一边和顾客聊天，告诉她他有多喜欢她的厨房)”可知，他一心只想着工作。故选 A。7推理判断题。根据第四段“Jenny Lamey later wrote this on Facebook:“I just cant tell you how touched I was by Walter and his journey.He is kind and cheerful and he has big dreams!He is hard-working and tough.”(Jenny Lamey 后来在 Facebook 上写道：“我无法告诉你我对 Walter 和他的旅程有多感动。他是善良和开朗，他有很大的梦想！他很努力，也很坚强。”)”可知，Lamey 认为他善良、开朗，有很大的梦想，也就是有志向、有抱负的。选项 A“Cautious.(小心谨慎)”；选项 B Generous“(慷慨的)”；选项 C“Ambitious(有抱负的)”；选项 D“Sensitive(敏感的)”。故选 C。8推理判断题。根据第一段“How far would you go to make a good impression at a new job?(在一份新工作中，你要走多远才能给人留下好印象？)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了 Walter Carr 对待工作的这份努力使得人们对他有好感，并纷纷伸出援手。所以文章想要表达的是想给别人留下好印象的努力最终会有回报的。故选 D。