英语倍数的正确表达方法17704.pdf

.1/8 英语当中正确表达倍数的方法 在使用英语表达A 是 B 的 N 倍长（宽，高，大，重等），A 比 B 长（宽，高，大，重等）N 倍 或A 的长度（宽度，高度，大小，重量等）是 B 的 N 倍，可用以下几种句型。1.A+be+倍数+as+计量形容词原级+as+B.This tree is three times as tall as that one.这棵树是那棵树的三倍高。His father is twice as old as he.他父亲的年纪有他两倍大。2.A+be+倍数+计量形容词比较级+than+B The Yangtze River is almost twice longer than the Pearl River.长江差不多比珠江长一倍。The dictionary is exactly five times more expensive than that one.这本字典比那本恰好贵四倍。3.A+be+倍数+the+计量名词+of+B The newly broadened square id four times the size of the previous one.新扩建的广场是未扩建时的四倍大。4.The+计量名词+of+A+be+倍数+that+of+B The size of the newly broadened square is four times that of the previous one.新扩建的广场为以前的四倍大。5.其它 Im twice/double his age.我的年龄是他的两倍。Ive paid five times the usual price for the stamp.我出了 5 倍于往常的价格买这枚邮票。.2/8 The average income of the staff has been increased by 50 percent compared with last year.与去年相比，该单位职工的 收入增加了 50%.The price of TVs are twofold(adj.两部分的,双重的)down over these years.近几年来，电视机的价格下降了两倍。英语倍数表示法 关于英语倍数表示法的文章很多，而且列举了一大堆的句型，让人看了眼花缭乱。在仔细地分析了各种句式后，实际上，英语倍数最大的特点是：先说“倍数”，再说“是谁的”，“比谁的”等。概括起来，英语倍数表示主要就三种句式。1、倍数+比较级.(1)倍数 as.as(意思是“A 是 B 的几倍”。)I am twice as old as he.我的年纪是他的两倍。He earns twice as much as he used to.他比往常多赚一倍的钱。An ordinary subway train,approaching the station,can be twice as loud as the loudest jet.发出的声音可能是喷射机的两倍。She studies three times as hard as I.她用功的程度是我的三倍。This line is four times as long as that one.这条线是那条线的四倍长。Weve produced twice as much cotton this year as ten years ago.今年的棉花比十年前多了一倍。He has got three times as many books as his sister.他拥有的书的数量是他妹妹的三 倍。在比较级前，还可以用 over，more thant 等表示“比倍还要多”。例如：He is more than three times as rich as I.他的财富是我的三倍还不止。I am more than twice as old as he.我的年龄是他的两倍还不止。He studies more than three times as hard as I.他用功的程度是我的三倍还不止。He has collected more than three times as many stamps as I.他搜集的邮票是我的三倍还不止。(2)倍数+比较级(意思是：A 是 B 的几倍)Line A is four times the length of line B.线条 A 是线条 B 的四倍长。.3/8 I have five times the number of Toms books.我有五倍于汤姆的书。He has three times my money.他的钱是我的三倍。The river is ten times the length of the Tamsui River.这条河的长度是淡水河的十倍。This street is four times shorter than that one.这条街道是那条街道的四分之一（短三倍）。The mother elephant is one hundred times heavier than the baby elephant.这只母象是小象重量的一百倍。It is ten times louder than another.它是另外一个的声音十倍。This street is three times wider than that one.这条街比那条街宽二倍。I am twice older than he.我的年纪是他的两倍。使用 more.than 比较级的例句：He earns five times more money than he did ten years ago.他现在挣的钱是十年前挣的 5 倍。There are twice more students in our class than in theirs.我们班的学生人数比他们班多一倍。比较级也可使用分数、小数等数字。例如：The box is one-third bigger than that one.这个盒子比那个盒子大三分之一。Last year the output value of industry was 59 percent higher than that of 1976.去年工业产值比 1976 年增长了 59。My command of English is not half so good as yours.我英语掌握得还不与你的一半儿好。在比较级前，还可以用 over，more thant 等表示“比倍还要多”。例如：It was over twice the distance of the earth from the sun.那是地球到太阳的距离的两倍多。He has more than three times my money.他的钱是我的三倍还不止。2、倍数+the 度量词 of.The earth is 49 times the size of the moon.地球的体积是月球的 49 倍。This river is three times the depth of that one.这条河深度是那条河的三倍。下边也可看作是这种句式的变化：The length of the road is four times what it was three years ago.这条路的长度是三年前的 4 倍。The price of the meat is twice what it was last year.肉价是去年的两倍。.4/8 The size of the sun is a million times over that of the earth.太阳的体积是地球的体积的一百万倍。He is three times up on your age.他的年龄是你的 4 倍(或：比你的年龄大 3 倍)In this workshop the output of July was 3.5 times that of January.七月份的产量是元月份的 3.5 倍 3、其它表示法 (1)英语中有些词表示特定的倍数，例如：again(一倍),twice,double(两倍),triple(三倍),fourfold(四倍)等数。My Aunt is as old again as I am.我姑姑的年龄比我大一倍。The top-brand clothes are often sold as double the normal price here.售价经常比正常的售价高一倍。The new work procedure tripled the output.新工艺使产量增加两倍。The output of grain increased fourfold.粮食产量增加了三倍。(2)使用 by,compared with 等 Compared with last year，our coal output has increased by three times.与去年相比，我们的煤产量增长了 2 倍。(使用 by.)His speed is faster than mine by four times.他的速度比我的快 3 倍。The number of the students in our school has increased four times compared with 1980.我们学校的学生人数比 1980 年增加了 3 倍。(使用 compared with)The production of integrated circuits has been increased to three times as compared with last year.集成电路的产量比去年增加了两倍。The principal advantage of the products is a two-fold reduction in weight.这些产品的主要优点是重量减轻了 12。Ive paid five times the usual price for the stamp.我出了 5 倍于往常的价格买这枚邮票。The average income of the staff has been increased by 50 percent compared with last year.职工的收入增加了 50%.5/8 The price of TVs are twofold down over these years.近几年来，电视机的价格下降了二分之一（下降一倍）了。She spent half as much money as you.她花掉的钱只有你花掉的一半。1.Americans eat _ vegetables per person today as they did in 1910.A.more than twice B.as twice as many C.twice as many as D.more than twice as many 2.Paper produced every year is _ the worlds production of vehicles.A.the three weight of B.three times the weight of C.as three times heavy as D.three times as heavier as 3.With the help of the German experts，the factory produced _ cars in 1993 as the year before.A.as twice many B.as many twice C.twice as many D.twice many as 4.This ship measures _ that one.A.as twice as long B.as twice long as C.twice long as D.twice as long as 5.After the new technique was introduced,the factory produced _ tractors in 1988 as the year before.A.as twice many B.as many as C.as twice as many D.twice as many 英语中表示倍数增加的表达方法 (一)A is N times as great(long,much，)as B.()A is N times greater(longer,more，)than B.()A is N times the size(length,amount，)of B.()以上三句都应译为：A 的大小(长度，数量，)是 B 的 N 倍.6/8 e.g.This book is three times as long as(three times longer than/three times the length of)that one.这本书的篇幅是那本书的 3 倍(即长两倍)。注：当相比的对象 B 很明显时，than(as，of)B 常被省去。(二)increase to n times()increase n timesn-fold()increase by n times()increase by a factor of n()以上四式均应译为：增加到 n 倍(或：增加 n-1 倍)。e.g.The production of integrated circuits has been increased to three times as compared with last year.集成电路的产量比去年增加了两倍。e.g.The output of chemical fertilizer has been raised five times as against l986.化肥产量比 1986 年增加了 4 倍。e.g.That can increase metabolic rates by two or three times.那可使代率提高到原来的 2 倍或3 倍(即提高 1 倍或 2 倍)。e.g.The drain voltage has been increased by a factor of four.漏电压增加了 3 借(即增加到原来的 4 倍)。注：在这类句型中 increase 常被 raise，grow，go/step up，multiply 等词所替代。(三)There is a n-fold increase/growth()应译为：增加 n-倍(或增至 n 倍)。这个句型还有其它一些形式：e.g.A record high increase in value of four times was reported.据报道，价值破记录地增长了 3 倍。(四)double(增加 1 倍)，treble(增加 2 倍)，quadruple(增加 3 倍)。()e.g.The efficiency of the machines has been more than trebled or quadrupled.这些机器的效率已提高了 2 倍或 3 倍多。(五)此外，英语中还有一种用again 而不用倍数词来比较倍数的方法，如：A is as much(large，long，)again as B.(=A is twice as much(large，long，)as B.()应译为：A 比 B 多(大，长，)1 倍。.7/8 A is half as much(large，1ong，)again as B.(=A is one and a half times as much(large，1ong，)as B.)(11)应译为：A 比 B 多(大，长)一半(即 A 是 B 的一倍半)。用英语表示倍数的方法 表示倍数时通常借助 half,double,twice,three times 等之类的词：Half(of)the apples are bad.一半苹果是坏的。His homework is not yet half done.他的作业还没完成一半。He eats twice what I eat.他的食量是我的两倍。比较以下三句，虽然表达形式不同，但含义相同：(1)This rope is three times as long as that one.这根绳子是那根的三倍长。(2)This rope is three times longer than that one.这根绳子是那根的三倍长。(3)This rope is three times the length of that one.这根绳子是那根的三倍长。第(1)句和第(3)句的意思比较清楚，但第(2)句常容易误解，有人认为它与其他两句意思不同，应理解为“这根绳子比那根绳子长三倍”，但绝大多数语法学家并不这样认为，而是认为以上三句意思相同。英语中表示倍数增加的表达方法 (一)A is N times as great(long,much，)as B.()A is N times greater(longer,more，)than B.()A is N times the size(length,amount，)of B.()以上三句都应译为：A 的大小(长度，数量，)是 B 的 N 倍.e.g.This book is three times as long as(three times longer than/three times the length of)that one.这本书的篇幅是那本书的 3 倍(即长两倍)。注：当相比的对象 B 很明显时，than(as，of)B 常被省去。(二)increase to n times().8/8 increase n timesn-fold()increase by n times()increase by a factor of n()以上四式均应译为：增加到 n 倍(或：增加 n-1 倍)。e.g.The production of integrated circuits has been increased to three times as compared with last year.集成电路的产量比去年增加了两倍。e.g.The output of chemical fertilizer has been raised five times as against l986.化肥产量比 1986 年增加了 4 倍。e.g.That can increase metabolic rates by two or three times.那可使代率提高到原来的 2倍或 3 倍(即提高 1 倍或 2 倍)。e.g.The drain voltage has been increased by a factor of four.漏电压增加了 3 借(即增加到原来的 4 倍)。注：在这类句型中 increase 常被 raise，grow，go/step up，multiply 等词所替代。(三)There is a n-fold increase/growth()应译为：增加 n-倍(或增至 n 倍)。这个句型还有其它一些形式：e.g.A record high increase in value of four times was reported.据报道，价值破记录地增长了 3 倍。(四)double(增加 1 倍)，treble(增加 2 倍)，quadruple(增加 3 倍)。()e.g.The efficiency of the machines has been more than trebled or quadrupled.这些机器的效率已提高了 2 倍或 3 倍多。(五)此外，英语中还有一种用 again 而不用倍数词来比较倍数的方法，如：A is as much(large，long，)again as B.(=A is twice as much(large，long，)as B.()应译为：A 比 B 多(大，长，)1 倍。A is half as much(large，1ong，)again as B.(=A is one and a half times as much(large，1ong，)as B.)(11)应译为：A 比 B 多(大，长)一半(即 A 是 B 的一倍半)。