2019中考阅读理解冲刺训练0833228.pdf

2019 中考阅读理解冲刺训练 08 学校:_姓名：_班级：_考号：_ 阅读单选(人口题材)(一)Almost every Chinese person can recite the two lines of the famous poem，“Every grain on the plate comes from hard work(谁知盘中餐，粒粒皆辛苦)”But sadly，many of us dont actually get the real meaning of these lines:Dont waste food.A CCTV program，News One Plus One，reported that the food Chinese people throw away every year is enough to feed 200 million people for a year.Do we have too much food?Of course not.According to the UN World Food Program，there were 925 million hungry people around the world in 2010，especially in developing countries.Six million children die of hunger every year.Chinese people are well known for being hospitable(好客的)and generous.Many even feel that they lose face if their guests have eaten all the food on the table.Luckily，a number of people have realized the importance of saving food.Last November，Li Hong，a waitress in a restaurant in Nanjing，got fired(解雇)because she took some leftover food home for her son.Many people stood by her side and criticized(批评)the waste of food.What should we do in our daily lives to waste less food?Here are some tips:1.Do not order too much in a restaurant.Only order as much as you want to eat.If you cannot eat all the food you ordered，take the rest of it home.2.Dont be too picky(挑剔的)about food.Some food may not taste great，but your body needs it.3.Keep an eye on what food you have at home.Dont buy too much，especially for vegetables and fruit.1What does the writer want to show us through Li Hongs story?A Many Chinese restaurants waste a large amount of food.B Many Chinese people are kind-hearted and ready to help the weak.C Chinese people feel that they lose face if their guests eat all the food.D Many Chinese people dont agree with the behavior of wasting food.2From the third paragraph，we know that _ A we have too much food to feed people in the world B there were 925 million people in developing countries C because of hunger，six million children die every year D there are only a few people getting hungry every year 3According to the passage，we shouldnt waste food because _ A food comes from very hard work B six million children die of hunger every day C there is enough food to feed all the people D Chinese are hospitable and generous 4Which of the following is a good way to save food?A Ordering more than you need at a restaurant.B Taking home restaurant leftovers.C Not knowing what you already have at home when shopping.D Not eating the food you dont like even if its healthy.5Whats the main idea of the passage?A Dont waste food.B Many people die of hunger.C Dont be picky about food.D Eat all the food you order.(二)Asia is home to more than half of the worlds population and three of the four most crowded countries are in Asia.China,India,and Indonesia alone have more than 2.5 billion people.Until recently,most Asian nations fell behind the western countries in many fields.Government reform(改革),however,has led to important progress in each of these Asian countries.Across the area,education systems have been improved and economies（经济）have been growing.Most Asian countries now have a system of compulsory(义务的)education.Many countries have recently allowed private universities to be built,which was not allowed before.There are more chances for students to go to university now.However,in Asia,there are still not enough chances for students to get higher education and many people prefer to go abroad for further study.As a result,India,China,South Korea,Japan and other Asian countries send thousands of students to study in the United States and Europe each year.Part of the people in Asian countries can speak English,and English has become the most important language for business across the area.The percentage(百分比)is the largest in Japan,Singapore,the Philippines,SriLanka and South Korea.Many people in China,India and Malaysia can also speak English.Some countries have made English part of the primary and secondary education program.In some countries,children begin to study English even at the age of 4 or 5.6The population of Asia is about_.A 2.5 billion B half of the worlds population C 1.3 billion D 6 billion 7Most Asian countries _ the western countries in many fields.A are better than B are more powerful than C get greater progress than.D are not as good as 8In the past,_ was not allowed in many Asian countries.A speaking English B moving to other countries C building private universities D building middle schools 9Why do so many students in Asia go to study in the USA and Europe?A Because they are rich.B Because there are not enough chances for students to get higher education in Asia.C Because they dont want to work hard.D Because they can speak English very well.10Which of the following is NOT true?A Therere more than 2.5 billion people in China,India and Indonesia.B The economies in Asian countries are becoming worse.C Education in Asia has had great changes.D In some Asian countries,English has become very important for business (三)Today there are 6 billion people on the earth.By the year 2050 there may be 12.5 billion.There will be a lot of people to feed.We need more food.One way to produce more food is by growing stronger plants.For thousands of years,farmers have made plants better.Every season,they pick the best plants for the next season.It works very slowly.Since 1983,scientists have been able to change plants more quickly by changing their genetic material(遗传物质).Foods from plants grown in this way are called genetically modified foods(转基因食品),or GM foods.By changing the genetic material of a plant,it is possible to make new plants.They make plants which are strong against plant diseases.They can also help in our diseases:a kind of rice is being prepared,for example,which stops people from becoming blind.Rich countries produce GM foods because they are easy to grow and bring in more money.Poor countries are interested in them because they help produce more food.GM plants are not natural.No one knows how good or bad they are.Making GM foods is only one way of feeding people in 2050.There are strong feelings against them,because they are unnatural.They may feed people,then hurt them or their children later.But,both rich and poor countries are very interested in their use,and they are not going to go away.In 2050 we may think differently about them.11GM foods _.A are a quick way to produce food B grow in the wild C are safe D are grown only in rich countries 12Why do some people not like GM foods?A They are not useful.B They are not helpful.C They are not natural.D They are not cheap.13From the reading we know that _.A GM foods will disappear one day in the future B GM foods will not disappear in the future C people will not be interested in GM foods D people will have to stop using GM foods 参考答案 1D 2C 3A 4B 5A【解析】差不多每一位中国人都会背诵：谁知盘中餐，粒粒皆辛苦。本文通过一系列的数据，给我们分析了世界上的粮食短缺问题，并对如何节约粮食提出了三点建议。从而告诉我们不要浪费粮食，要养成节约粮食的好习惯。1推理判断题。题意：作者通过李红的故事想要给我们展示什么？A.Many Chinese restaurants waste a large amount of food.许多中国饭店浪费了大量的食物；B.Many Chinese people are kind-hearted and ready to help the weak.许多中国热心帮助弱者；C.Chinese people feel that they lose face if their guests eat all the food.中国人感到没有面子如果客人吃下了所有的食物；D.Many Chinese people dont agree with the behavior of wasting food.许多中国人不同意浪费食物的行为。根据短文内容：李红把剩下的食物带回家而被解雇后，许多人站在她一边，批评食物浪费。由此可以看出，许多中国人不同意浪费食物的行为。故选。2细节理解题。题意：从第三自然段里，我们可以知道什么？A.we have too much food to feed people in the world 世界人我们有太多的人吃的食物；B.there were 925 million people in developing countries 发达国家有 9.25亿人；C.because of hunger，six million children die every year 因为饥饿，每年有 6 百万孩子死去；D.there are only a few people getting hungry every year 每年只有少数人挨饿。由本段中的：Six million children die of hunger every year.可知，每年有六百万孩子死于饥饿。故选。3推理判断题。题意：根据短文内容，我们不应该浪费食物是因为什么？A.food comes from very hard work 食物来自辛苦的劳动；B.six million children die of hunger every day 每天有六百万孩子死于饥饿。根据短文第三段可知，每年死于饥饿的孩子是六百万。错；C.there is enough food to feed all the people 有足够多的食物供所有人吃。根据短文，世界上没有人们吃的足够的食物。错。D.Chinese are hospitable and generous 中国人热情慷慨。这不是不能浪费的原因。错。故选。4细节理解题。题意：下面哪一个是节约食物的好方式？A.Ordering more than you need at a restaurant.在饭店点比需要更多的食物；B.Taking home restaurant leftovers.把饭店里剩下的食物带回家；C.Not knowing what you already have at home when shopping.购物时不知道自己家里已经有什么；D.Not eating the food you dont like even if its healthy.即使健康也不吃自己不喜欢的食物。根据短文倒数第三段里的：If you cannot eat all the food you ordered，take the rest of it home.可知，如果不能吃掉所有点的食物，可以把剩下的带回家以节省食物。故选。5主旨大意题。题意：短文的中心思想是什么？A.Dont waste food.不要浪费食物；B.Many people die of hunger.许多人死于饥饿；C.Dont be picky about food.不要太挑食；D.Eat all the food you order.吃下你所点的所有食物。本文分析了世界上的粮食短缺问题，告诉我们不要浪费粮食，要养成节约粮食的好习惯。故选。6 B 7 D 8 C 9 B 10 B 【分析】亚洲拥有超过一半的世界人口和三四个最拥挤的国家都是在亚洲。中国、印度和印度尼西亚人已经超过了 25 亿人。6细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句可知。7细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句可知。8细节理解题。根据文章第二段倒数二，三两行可知。9细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段可知。10细节理解题。11 A 12 C 13 B 【解析】11细节理解题，根据文中语句“Since 1983,scientists have been able to change plants more quickly by changing their genetic material(遗传物质)”理解可知。12 细节理解题，根据文中语句“GM plants are not natural.No one knows how good or bad they are.”理解可知。13 细节理解题，根据文中语句“But,both rich and poor countries are very interested in their use,and they are not going to go away.”理解可知。