2022高考英语3500词汇表达+阅读训练(DAY27)含答案解析39231.pdf

2022 高考英语 3500 词汇表达+阅读训练（DAY 27）目录 内容 Section A 高频词汇讲解以及短语表达 Section B 阅读理解+七选五强化训练 Section C 完型填空综合练习 Section A 高频词汇讲解以及短语表达 1.billion n.十亿；大量 adj.十亿的 2.religions n.宗教，宗教信仰 3.physicist n.物理学家；唯物论者 4.theory n.理论；原理；学说；推测 常用短语：in theory 理论上 basic theory 基本理论 have a theory about sth.观点;见解 5.gentle adj.温和的；文雅的 vt.使温和，使驯服 n.蛆，饵 常用短语：gentle breeze 微风 gentle and soft 温柔 6.climate n.气候；风气；状况；氛围 词语辨析：weather 一天内具体的天气状况 climate 长期的气候状况 6.pull vt./vi.拉；拔；拖 n.拉，拉绳；拉力，牵引力；拖 常用短语：pull out 离开，撤离；拔出；渡过难关；恢复健康；pull sth.on sb.在方面欺骗某人 pull down 摧毁，推翻；拉下来；使下跌 pull up 拔起；停下来；阻止 pull together 齐心协力 pull in 进站；吸入；提到警察局 pull out of 退出；拉出，取出 pull off 赢得；脱下；努力实现 pull on 穿；戴；继续拉 pull back 拉回；撤回；拉为平手；反悔 pull through 渡过难关；恢复健康 pull away 离开；脱身；拉掉 pull it off 圆满完成 pull over 把开到路边；开到路边；靠岸 push and pull 推与拉 pull apart 撕开；扯断 pull rod 拉杆；推杆 pull at 用力拉；大口喝 pull the trigger 开枪 pull into（车）进站 8.gravity n.重力，地心引力；严重性；庄严 9.astronomer n.天文学家 10.oxygen n.氧气，氧 11.atom n.原子 12.carbon n.碳；碳棒；复写纸 adj.碳的；碳处理的 13.dioxide n.二氧化物 14.fundamental adj.基本的，根本的 n.基本原理；基本原则 15.atmosphere n.气氛；大气；空气 16.satellite n.卫星；人造卫星；随从；卫星国家 17.cheer up 使高兴；高兴起来；使振奋 18.biologist n.生物学家 19.puzzle vt.使困惑；使为难；苦思而得出 vi.迷惑；冥思苦想 n.谜；难题；迷惑 常用短语：puzzle over 努力思考；为烦恼；苦苦思考 puzzle out 苦苦思索而弄清楚 puzzle sb.使迷惑；使困惑 词语辨析：这组词都有“谜、难题”的意思，区别是：puzzle 语气较强，指复杂令人费解的情况或问题。mystery 指常人难以认识其起因或性质的奥秘，或指有意不让人理解的奥妙。riddle 指供人猜的谜语游戏，也可指终究会有解答的难题。problem 指有待探讨的疑难问题，也可指令人困惑的情况。20.now that 既然；由于 Section B 阅读理解强化训练 Passage 1 About five weeks ago,I noticed the skin of our pet lizard was growing dusty.It worried me.I reported the strange surface on the skin of the lizard to my husband and children the next morning.Seconds later,our lizard emerged from its tank with its old skin flowing behind it.I didnt think about it much until a morning last week when I knocked my favorite teapot off the table.It burst into hundreds of pieces.As I swept up the mess,I wondered why we had been breaking so many things over the months.The destruction started three months ago.It was my husbands birthday.He had just lost his job.The uncertainty was starting to wear on us,so I wanted to do something special.“Lets make a cake for Dad!”I cried.My kids screamed with joy.We baked,iced and sprinkled for most of the day.Candles on the cake!Balloons on the walls!Flowers on the table!Two hours before my husband came back home from another job interview,my daughter climbed up to grab a glass vase from a high shelf.It fell and crashed beside the cake.Tiny pieces of glass were everywhere.She sobbed loudly as I threw the cake away.My husband had banana pudding for his birthday.Three days ago,the light in our living room suddenly went out.After several frustrating hours of unsuccessful attempts to fix it,my husband suggested watching the Michael Jordan documentary series The Last Dance.The poignancy of Jordan retiring from his beloved basketball to play baseball and what had pushed him to make such a tough decision took me by surprise.As I watched him take off his basketball uniform and replace it with a baseball uniform,I saw him leaving behind the layer that no longer served him,just as our lizard had.Neither of them chose the moment that had transformed them.But they had to live with who they were after everything was different.Just like us.I realized that we have to learn to leave the past behind.Humans do not shed skin as easily as other animals.The beginning of change is upsetting.The process is tiring.Damage changes us before we are ready.I see our lizard,raw and nearly new.Jordan said that no matter how it ends,it starts with hope.With our tender,hopeful skin,that is where we begin.1What can we learn about the pet lizard from Paragraph 1?AIts tank grew dirty.BIts old skin came off.CIt got a skin disease.DIt went missing.2Why did the authors husband have banana pudding for his birthday?AThe birthday cake was ruined.BThe author made good puddings.CPudding was his favorite dessert.DThey couldnt afford a birthday cake.3Why does the author mention The Last Dance in the passage?ATo prove a theory.BTo define a concept.CTo develop the theme.DTo provide the background.4The underlined part leaving behind the layer in Paragraph 8 can be understood as .Aletting go of the past Blooking for a new job Cgetting rid of a bad habit Dgiving up an opportunity 5What does the author most likely want to tell us?ALove of family helps us survive great hardships.BIts not the end of the world if we break things.CWe should move on no matter what happens.DPast experiences should be treasured.Passage 2 According to Jessica Hagy,author of How to Be Interesting,its not difficult to make yourself interesting at a dinner party._1_,if youre out of your comfort zone or if youre wandering into somebodys house for the first time.So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous,trying different foods and talking to strangers.People love to talk about themselves.If you can start the conversation with a question other than“What do you do for a living?”,youll be able to get a lot more interesting conversation out of whomever it is youre talking to._2_,it can bring in“I have this old,broken-down vehicle”or“I rode the bus with these crazy people who were laughing at silly jokes in the back.”It just opens up conversation._3_?If you cant take their wine away,you should certainly try to take away their soapbox（讲台）.If youre the host,you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the situation._4_.And what about that other dinner-party killer:awkward silence?If youre faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party,the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment（赞扬）._5_.Just quickly turn around and say,“This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.”So being interesting at a dinner party isnt that hard.A.How do you know the host B.The first step is to go exploring C.If you ask the question“How did you get here?”D.Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers E.Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say F.What about that person who had too much to drink or wont stop talking G.He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most Section C 完型填空综合练习 After ten years of working for a Wall Street bank,I determined to make a change.Scanning advertisements,I learned a _1_ company was to hire more consultants.With great excitement,I made a(n)_2_ with a branch president.It went so well that I was_3_he would hire me on the spot._4_,he told me to come back for 12 more _5_ with his top salespeople.Over the next five months,some of them _6_ me from working as a consultant in finance.“You wont make it.”Eighty percent of newcomers _7_ within their first year.The more they attacked my _8_,the more my stomach tightened.I realized I would have to“fake it till I make it._9_,the last interview with the president came.Youve got the job!”he announced,but added,“On one _10_ that you must resign from your former job,participate in our training and take an exam.I _11_ Its 10 questions long and you must pass it without one point lost on the first _12_!Attracted by this great _13_ and the courage I had never had,I swallowed hard and said,“Ill take it.”As instructed,I cut my lifeline to the _14_ and jumped into unproven waters.After the training,I took the exam and when the scores were displayed,I let out a loud sigh of _15_.I made it!1.A.travelling B.commercial C.marketing D.financial 2.A.arrangement B.appointment C.prediction D.decision 3.A.skeptical B.glad C.positive D.negative 4.A.Thus B.Moreover C.Then D.Instead 5.A.programs B.designs C.interviews D.bargains 6.A.separeted B.discouraged C.banned D.dismissed 7.A.fail B.insist C.miss D.progress 8.A.honor B.hobby C.dream D.plan 9.A.Gladly B.Surprisingly C.Unfortunately D.Eventually 10.A.situation B.condition C.position D.occasion 11.A.accepted B.smiled C.panicked D.froze 12.A.question B.point C.try D.day 13.A.achievement B.advertisement C.firm D.risk 14.A.bank B.company C.school D.hospital 15.A.belief B.relief C.sorrow D.regret 参考答案 Passage 1 1细节理解题。根据第一段中“I reported the strange surface on the skin of the lizard to my husband and children the next morning.Seconds later,our lizard emerged from its tank with its old skin flowing behind it.(第二天早上，我向丈夫和孩子们报告了蜥蜴皮肤上奇怪的表面。几秒钟后，我们的蜥蜴从水箱里出来，旧皮肤蜕了下来)”可知，宠物蜥蜴旧的皮肤脱落了。故选 B。2细节理解题。根据第六段“Two hours before my husband came back home from another job interview,my daughter climbed up to grab a glass vase from a high shelf.It fell and crashed beside the cake.Tiny pieces of glass were everywhere.She sobbed loudly as I threw the cake away.My husband had banana pudding for his birthday.(就在我丈夫参加另一场工作面试回家前两个小时，我女儿爬到一个高高的架子上，抓起一个玻璃花瓶。它掉下来摔碎在蛋糕旁边。到处都是细小的玻璃碎片。我把蛋糕扔掉时，她大声抽泣。我丈夫生日吃了香蕉布丁)”可知，作者的丈夫过生日吃了香蕉布丁是因为生日蛋糕毁了。故选 A。3推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“The poignancy of Jordan retiring from his beloved basketball to play baseball and what had pushed him to make such a tough decision took me by surprise.As I watched him take off his basketball uniform and replace it with a baseball uniform,I saw him leaving behind the layer that no longer served him,just as our lizard had.Neither of them chose the moment that had transformed them.But they had to live with who they were after everything was different.Just like us.I realized that we have to learn to leave the past behind.(Jordan 从心爱的篮球退役，转而打棒球，这是多么令人痛心的事情，是什么促使他做出如此艰难的决定，让我感到惊讶。当我看着他脱下篮球服，换上棒球服时，我看到他脱下了那层不再适合他的衣服，就像我们的蜥蜴一样。他们都没有选择那个改变了他们的时刻。但他们必须和自己生活在一起因为一切都变了。就像我们一样。我意识到我们必须学会把过去抛在脑后)”以及最后一段“Jordan said that no matter how it ends,it starts with hope.With our tender,hopeful skin,that is where we begin.(Jordan 说，不管结局如何，都是以希望开始的。用我们柔嫩、充满希望的皮肤，那是我们的起点)”可推知，作者在文章中提到 The Last Dance是为了展开文章关于放手过去，重新开始的主题。故选 C。4词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“Neither of them chose the moment that had transformed them.But they had to live with who they were after everything was different.Just like us.I realized that we have to learn to leave the past behind.(他们都没有选择那个改变了他们的时刻。但他们必须和自己生活在一起因为一切都变了。就像我们一样。我意识到我们必须学会把过去抛在脑后)”可知，作者看着乔丹脱下篮球服，换上棒球服时，意识到看到他放开了过去，把过去抛在脑后了。即画线词意思是“放开过去”。故选 A。5推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Humans do not shed skin as easily as other animals.The beginning of change is upsetting.The process is tiring.Damage changes us before we are ready.I see our lizard,raw and nearly new.(人类不像其他动物那样容易蜕皮。变革的开始令人不安。这个过程很累人。伤害在我们准备好之前就改变了我们。我看到了我们生嫩的、几乎是全新的蜥蜴)”以及最后一段“Jordan said that no matter how it ends,it starts with hope.With our tender,hopeful skin,that is where we begin.(Jordan 说，不管结局如何，都是以希望开始的。用我们柔嫩、充满希望的皮肤，那是我们的起点)”可推知，作者最有可能想告诉我们无论发生什么，我们都应该继续前进。故选 C。Passage 2【1】根据上文“its not difficult to make yourself interesting at a dinner party(在晚宴上让自己变得有趣并不难)”可知，下文应主要讲述如何在晚宴上让自己变得有趣。下文“So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous,trying different foods and talking to strangers.(所以最主要的事情就是去尝试，去冒险，尝试不同的食物，和陌生人交谈)”可推知，本段主要说明想在晚宴上让自己变得有趣，就要勇于冒险，勇于探索。由此可知，B 项“The first step is to go exploring(第一步是去探索)”承上启下，符合题意。故选 B 项。【2】根据下文“it can bring in“I have this old,broken-down vehicle”or“I rode the bus with these crazy people who were laughing at silly jokes in the back.”It just opens up conversation.(它可以带入“我有这辆破旧的车”或“我和那些在后面嘲笑愚蠢笑话的疯子一起乘坐公共汽车。”它只是打开了对话)”可知，设空处应该是提了一个不太好的问题，只是开始交流，但并不会给人留下有趣的印象。由此可知，C 项“If you ask the question“How did you get here?”(如果你问“你是怎么到这里来的？”这个问题)”能够承接下文，符合题意。故选 C 项。【3】根据下文“If you cant take their wine away,you should certainly try to take away their soapbox.If youre the host,you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the situation.(如果你不能拿走他们的酒，你当然应该让他们离开讲话的地方。如果你是主人，你可以让他们到厨房帮你做点什么，只是为了让他们摆脱那种情景)”可知，此处指出了一个问题的解决办法。由此推知，设空处提到了一个棘手的问题。F 项“What about the person who has had too much to drink or wont stop talking(喝太多酒或一直说个不停的人怎么办)”正是提出的问题，引出下文的解决办法，符合题意。故选 F 项。【4】根据上文“If you cant take their wine away,you should certainly try to take away their soapbox(讲台).If youre the host,you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the situation.(如果你不能拿走他们的酒，你当然应该让他们离开讲话的地方。如果你是主人，你可以让他们到厨房帮你做点什么，只是为了让他们摆脱那种情景)”可知，本段主要是为解决“喝太多酒或一直说个不停”这个问题提供方法。由此可知，E项“Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say(或者把谈话变成他们没什么可说的话题)”是提出的另一个解决办法，承接上文，符合题意。故选 E 项。【5】根据上文“If youre faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party,the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment.(如果你在晚宴上遭遇了尴尬的沉默，唯一能让大家再次交谈的方法就是赞美主人)”可知，此处指出赞美主人可以缓解尴尬的沉默，设空处承上启下，下文“This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.(这蛋糕特别好吃，你得告诉我它的一切)”对主人进行了赞美。由此可知，宴会上出现尴尬的沉默时，最尴尬的就是主人，所以需要赞美主人来缓解尴尬。G 项“He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most(他或她是最能感受到那种尴尬的人)”承上启下，符合题意。故选 G 项 Passage 3【1 题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通过浏览广告，我了解到一家金融公司要招聘更多的顾问。A.travelling 旅行的；B.commercial 商业的；C.marketing 促销的；D.financial 金融的。根据下文第二段第一句“Over the next five months,some of them 6 me from working as a consultant in finance.”可知，此处指“金融顾问”。故选 D 项。【2 题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：怀着极大的兴奋，我与分公司总裁约好了见面。A.arrangement安排；B.appointment 约定；C.prediction 预报，预测；D.decision 决定。根据句意可知，作者有意去面试，所以与分公司总裁进行了预约。故选 B 项。【3 题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那天，一切都很顺利，我确信他会当场雇佣我。A.skeptical怀疑的；B.glad 高兴的；C.positive 肯定的，积极的；D.negative 否定的，消极的。根据空前“it went so well（一切进行得很顺利）”可知，作者自信会被录用。故选 C 项。【4 题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，他让我再去参加12次他的顶级销售人员的面试！A.Thus因此，这样；B.Moreover 而且；C.Then 然后；D.Instead 反而。根据句意及结合上一句内容“It went so well that I was 3 he would hire me on the spot.”可知，前后意思进行了反转。故选 D 项。【5 题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：相反，他让我再去参加 12 次他的顶级销售人员的面试！A.programs 程序，节目；B.designs 设计；C.interviews 面试，采访；D.bargains 交易，便宜货。根据空后的“salespeople”以及第三段第一句“9 ,the last interview with the president came.”可知，作者接受的是 12 次面试。故选 C 项。【6 题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的五个月里，他们每个人都劝我不要做金融顾问。A.separated 分开；B.discouraged 劝阻；C.banned 禁止；D.dismissed 开除。根据后文“You wont make it.(“你不会成功的。”)”可知，一些人不看好作者能获得这份工作。故选 B 项。【7 题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“80%的新人在第一年就失败了”。A.fail 失败；B.insist坚持；C.miss 错过，想念；D.progress 进步。根据空前“You wont make it.(“你不会成功的。”)”可知，面试官们依然继续打击作者，认为作者会失败。故选 A 项。【8 题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，他把她推荐给了别人，最终一家旅行社注意到了她。A.honor 荣誉；B.hobby 爱好；C.dream 梦想；D.plan 计划。根据第一段第一句“After ten years of working for a Wall Street bank,I determined to make a change.（在一家华尔街银行工作了十年之后，我决定做出改变。）”可知，做金融顾问是作者的愿望，是他的梦想。故选 C 项。【9 题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：终于，总统的最后一次面试来了。A.Gladly 高兴地；B.Surprisingly惊人地；C.Unfortunately不幸地；D.Eventually最终。根据空后的“the last interview（最后一次面试）”可知，这是 12 次面试的最后一次，应该用 Eventually 表示最终。故选D 项。【10 题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：你被录用了!”他宣布，但又补充道，“有一个条件，你必须辞去原来的工作，参加我们的培训并参加考试。”A.situation 处境；B.condition 条件；C.position 位置，职位；D.occasion 时机，场合。根据本句“On one 10 that you must resign from your former job”可知，面试官告诉作者只有一种条件就是让他辞去之前的工作才能被录用。故选 B 项。【11 题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“这道题有 10 道，一次必须通过，不得掉一分!”A.accepted接受；B.smiled 微笑；C.panicked 恐慌；D.froze 冻住，惊呆。根据空前一句“On one 10 that you must resign from your former job,participate in our training and take an exam.”及空后“Its 10 questions long and you must pass it without one point lost on the first 12 !”可知，作者在这里听到面试官这么多要求后惊呆了。故选 D 项。【12 题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我愣住了:“这道题有 10 道，一次必须通过，不得掉一分!”A.question 问题；B.point 点，分数；C.try 尝试；D.day 天。根据本句内容“Its 10 questions long and you must p