新人教同步教学学案-高一必修一Unit5NelsonMandela语法41776.pdf

新人教同步教学学案-高一必修一 Unit5 Nelson Mandela语法 第 1 页 共 3 页 Unit 5 Nelson Mandela Grammar 学案(The Attributive Clause:where,when,why,prep.which/whom)Aims To help students learn about attributive clause introduced by when,where,why,and prep.+which/whom To help students discover and learn to use some useful words and expressions To help students discover and learn to use some useful structures Procedures I.Warming up Warming up by discovering useful words and expressions Turn to page 35 and do exercises No.1 and 2.Check your answers against your classmates.II.Learning about grammar 1.Reading and thinking Turn to page 34.Read the text of ELISA STORY and find out all the attributive clauses.Think over this question:On what circumstance do we use when/where/why to introduced an attributive clause?(“Where”is used when the antecedent refers to a place,and“when”is used for time.“Why“is used when the antecedent is“why”.)For reference:The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life.The school where I studied only two years was three kilometers away.This was a time when you had got to live in Beijing.The day when Nelson Mandela told me what to do and helped me was one of the happiest days of my life.We have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.The parts of town where they lived were places decided by white people.The places where they were sent to live were the poorest areas in South Africa.2.Comparing and discovering Turn to page 36.Do Ex.1.Then compare the following sentences and find out why we use different words to introduce the attributive clauses while the antecedents are the same.a.The government building where we voted was very grand.b.The government building which/that we paid a visit to yesterday was very grand.c.The government building in which we voted was very grand.In sentence a),a relative adverb“where”is used because it refers to“in the government building”新人教同步教学学案-高一必修一 Unit5 Nelson Mandela语法 第 2 页 共 3 页 which serves as the adverbial in the attributive clause.“in which”can also be used as in sentence c)because it also means“in the government building”in the attributive clause.While in sentence b),a relative pronoun“which”is used as it refers to“the government building”which serves as the object of the predicate“visited”in the attributive clause.Compare another three sentences:a.The date when I arrived was the 5th August.b.The date which/that he told me was the 5th August.c.The date on which I arrived was the 5th August.In sentence a),a relative adverb“when”is used because it refers to“on that date”which serves as the adverbial in the attributive clause.“in which”can also be used as in sentence c)because it also means“on that date”in the attributive clause.While in sentence b),a relative pronoun“which”is used as it refers to“the date”serving as the object of the predicate“told”in the attributive clause.Read the following sentence and find out a.The reason why I got a job was because of my hard work.b.The reason that/which he gave for getting the job was because of his hard work.c.The reason for which I got a job was because of my hard work.In sentence a),a relative adverb“why”is used because it refers to“for this reason”which serves as the adverbial in the attributive clause.“for which”can also be used as in sentence c)because it also means“for this reason”in the attributive clause.While in sentence b),a relative pronoun“which/that”is used as it refers to“the reason”serving as the object of the predicate“gave”in the attributive clause.III.Ready used materials for attributive clause Definitions:Attributive clause:An attributive clause is a clause modifying a noun or pronoun in a compound sentence.Antecedent:The word being modified by an attributive clause is called the antecedent.Relative:The word that is used to introduce an attributive clause is called a relative.There are two kinds of relatives,i.e.relative pronouns including which,that,who,whom,whose,as,etc.and relative adverbs including where,when and why,etc.Note:Relatives plays three important roles in an attributive clause,i.e.introducing an attributive clause,replacing the antecedent in meaning,and functioning as a sentence element in the attributive clause.e.g.:The girl who is talking to Mr.Li over there is my sister.In the sentence,The girl is the antecedent and who is used to introduce the attributive clause as the antecedent is a person.It(who)refers to the girl and functions as the subject in the attributive clause.The choice of the relatives is the most difficult in learning the attributive clause.However,there are some rules that can help us choose the correct relatives.Usually,which relative to choose depends on what the antecedent is and what sentence element the relative functions in the attributive clause as shown in the following chart:Antecedent Relative Sentence element people who that subject object whom object things which that subject object 新人教同步教学学案-高一必修一 Unit5 Nelson Mandela语法 第 3 页 共 3 页 time which that subject object when prep.+which adverbial place which that subject object where prep.+which adverbial reason why prep.+which adverbial Note:relatives can be omitted if they serves as the objects in the attributive clauses.If a relative functions as the object of a preposition in the attributive clause,the preposition can usually be placed before the relative.In this situation,we use“which”for things and“whom”for people,and they can never be omitted.However,if the preposition and a verb form a set phrase in the attributive clause,they should not be separated:The school(which/that)he once studied in is very famous.The school in which he once studied is very famous.This is the girl(who/whom)I went to the Great Wall with.This is the girl with whom I went to the Great Wall.The sentence“This is the watch (which/that)you are looking for.”can not be changed into“This is the watch for which you are looking.”because“look for”is a set phrase.Now turn to page 36 and lets do Ex.2 and 3.IV.Closing down by doing a quiz To end the period you are going to take a quiz on attributive clause.Choose the best answer:1.The weather turned out to be very good,_ was more than we could expect.A.what B.which C.that D.it 2.After living in Pairs for fifty years he returned to the small town _ he grew up as a child.A.which B.where C.that D.when 3.The house _ we live is not large.A.which B.in which C.on which D.at which 4.Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase,_ was very reasonable.A.which price B.the price of which C.its price D.the price of whose 5.He lived in London for 3 months,during _ time he learned some English.A.this B.which C.at which D.some 6.I will never forget the day _ he came to see me.A.that B.which C.at which D.when 7.The visitor asked the guide to take his picture _ stands the famous tower.A that B.where C.which D.there 8.The students _ department Ms King worked ten years ago look down upon women.A.in which B.in that C.in whose D.whose 9.I dont like _ you speak to her.A.the way B.the way in that C.the way which D.the way of which 10.I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella._ I got wet through.A.Its the reason B.Thats why C.Theres why D.Its how