2021年辐射防护练习题2040.pdf
(2021.03.07)L(C)A:B:C:2.00(A)A:30,90B:60,90C:90,90D:60,120 3.(A)A:2B:3C:4D:1 4.SIB)A.(R)B.(Gy)C.(rad)D.(Sv)5.C)A.XB.YC.D.6.GB 18871-2002(D)A.5rem B.15mSv C.50mSv D.ImSv 7.(D)A.B.C.D.8.IN92200mR/h,10mR/h02cm)(D)A.10.4mm B.2.6mm C.20.8mm D.6.2mm 9.200mmlOOmR/h,2mR/hA.0.7m B.1.4m C.2.8m D.Im 10.?(D)A.B.C.D.11(B)A.B.C.D.AB 12.C)A.B.C.XD.13.(A)A.B.C.D.BC14.(D)A.B.2021.03.07 C.D.BC15.GB 187712002D)A.B.C.D.16.(D)A.B.C.D.17.1896B)A.B.C.D.1&u(B)A.,2C 1/16 B.I2C 1/12 C.MO1/12 D.16O 1/16 19.(D)A.B.C.D.20.TI/2(C)A.TI/2=ln3/2 B.TI/2=In4/A C.T1/2=In2/A D.T1/2=In5/A 21.(C)A.B.C.aD.22.y(C)A.B.C.D.23.H(B)A.B.C.旷衰变 D.24.(B)A.B.C.D.25.放,(C A.B.C.XD.26.T(d,n)4Hc(B)A.2.5MeV B.14MeV C.lOMeV D.5MeV 27.(C)A.B.DC.aD.2&(A)A.B.DC.aD.29.(B)A.B.0C.D.30.A)A.2.4mSvB.3mSvC.5mSvD.ImSv 31(B)A.B.c.D.32(C)Ac.B.D.33(B)A.3H CB.228Ra 228ThC.32p 33pD.22N32Si34(A)A.1.02Me VB.1.5MeV C.2MeV D.14MeV 35.IMevy(D)A.B.C.D.36.(C)A.B.C.yD.37.(D)A.B.C.D.3(D)A.B.C.D.2021.03.0739.(C)40.X(D)A.B.C.D.1 ABC)A.B.C.D.2.ABCDE)A.18 B.C.D.E.3ABCD)A.XB.yC.D.E.4.(ABC)A.B.C.D.5.(ABCD)A.BI CfK A.B.C.aD.E.yF.6.ABC)A.XB.yC.D.aE.7.ABCD)A.B.C.D.ABCD)A.520mSvB.50mSvC.150mSvD.500mSv9.ABCD)A.ImSv B.5ImSv/a,5mSvC.15mSvD.50mSv10.(ABC)A.B.C.D.11.ABD)A.3090B.C.30D.12.ABCD)A.yB.(ECT)C.(PET)D.13.(BCD)A.B.C.D.14.X(AB)A.XB.C.D.15.(ACD)A.B.C.D.16.(ABD)A.B.C.D.17.(ACD)A.B.C.D.1&(AB)A.BC.D.19.(AB)A.B.C.D.20.(BD)A.aB.C.D.y“V,X”O1(V)2(V)3.(V)4.(V)5.(V)6.(V)7.X)(X)9.Xy(V)10.XX)11(V)12.(X)13.(X)14.(V)15.1=100V)16.XyXy(X)17.XX(V)1&(X)19.(X)20.X(V)21.X)22.X)23.(V)24(V)250(V)26.X)27.yV)2V)29.yV)30.(V)31 X)32.(X)33.(V)34.X)35.(DNA)(V)36.By。(V)37.(V)3&(X)39(V)l.lSv=(103)mSv(106)Sv 2.3.Bq_Cio4._ 5.O6._ Q_Q0 _ Q07._ 和 原生放射性核素 o 人工辐射源是 用人工方法 产生的辐射源,主要有一核设施 OU _ O9._ O10.1112.X13.XXXO14.O15.oO1.2.3.4.5.6.7.(deterministic effects)(stochastic effects)O1.2021.03.072021.03.07 2.(1)(2)(3)3.ALARAALARA4.5.6.(1)(2)(3)7.8.(1)(2)(3)(4)9.(1)(2)(3)(1)WftxKD x,yfitX2l4C=Ya=X=33.85 ZG;Z:C k p e _%=wP P lc丨p (2)K=L=L=Ddm dm(1 _ g)=(1 _ g)K dm dm gH广工D.RWRR。丁左:XKDHrCkg-1GyGySvRradradrem 10.(1)(2)114C(3)2 p p fm X lGy;z:CJ(87%).(10%)(H3)-14(014)7(Be7)-22(Na-22)(U)238(Th)-232(U)-235(K)-40(2)C+(3)-14,J4-143-14-1411.12.1)(International Commission on Radiological Protection,ICRP)2)(UNSCEAR:United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation)3)(IAEA:International Atomic Energy Agency)131)2)1.Y1.17MeV100%)1.33MeV(100%),4pCi1)2)1)Bq,4 x 10 6x(3.7 xlO10)=1.48 x 105 Bq 2)y1.48 X1O5X2=2.96 x 105 2-110mSvlOmSv0.120.05)10 x02+10 x0.05=1.7 mSv 3.X1.78xlO-4C.kg-l,K=33.72X=33.72x 1.78x10,=6x 103(Gy)4.Ir-19250lm20m(Ir-192 KY=4.72)P=AKy/R2A=50Ci,Rl=lm,R2=20m Pl=AKy/Ri2=50 x4.72/l=23.6(R/h)Pl=AKy/R22=50 x4.72/202=0.059(R/h)5Co60Irl92,(Co60 KY=13.2,IN92 Ky=4.72)2.8 6.Co601000(A 1/2=1.06cm)(10.6cm)7.14m108 uSv/li,25 pSv/li,|629.1m)8.ImSv,25h,30Sv/h,40jiSv/h,33 J9.lm16 mSv/h20m20m4Sv/h,A l/2=0.5cm)40 pSv/h,1.66cm)ioIrl92256.7mR/h,16.7mR/h9082.4929.5m)H.Csl375Ci,16.7mR,1(Csl37Ky=3.28)31.3m)12.300RVX3mR/h,616.7mR3.1cm)21cm)13.Co605Ci,6m4.17mR/h,1.07cm,C06OK13.2)5.84cm)14.A5050 11000502015.A402516.51680.617.2400258m)18-14002560CoHVL12.545019.0.111 24,Am-9Be7 x 1076920.106-22102239PUO2,22,ALI=107I|L 107 10239puO2,ALI=5xl02 Ij _ io2 _ 1 T7=5X102=5 JJ.=i 50G 10 5=(1-0.1-0.2)x50/ziSv=0.7x50/Sv=35 x50mSv 21.50588103,239PUO2DAC239PUO2ALI=5xl02 wT2W