托福写作常用词汇及易误用词汇.docx

托福写作常用词汇及易误用词汇 托福写作想要拿到高分必需要要积累足够的词汇，不然到考场上想要写文章时才发觉自己构思的文章许多都不会表达。今日我给大家带来了托福写作常用词汇及易误用词汇整理,希望能够帮助到大家，一起来学习吧。 托福写作常用词汇及易误用词汇整理 一.托福写作常用词汇 1、合作:cooperate、join forces、make joint efforts、work side by side; 2、支持，赞成:uphold、agree with、in favor of、approve of; 3、优秀的:perfect、brilliant、first rank、first-class; 4、有益的、建设性的:useful、helpful、valuable、constructiv; 5、恒久的:eternal、perpetual、lasting throughout life; 6、过时的:outdated、outmoded、anachronistic、antiquated; 7、年轻人：young people、youth、youngster、young adult ; 8、短暂的：transitory、transient、ephemeral、short-lived ; 9、一些：a range of、a variety of、a series of、an array of ; 10、承认：admit、confes、acknowledge、concede; 11、利用：use、take advantage of ; 12、想法：frame of mind、mind set、the way one is thinking ; 13、支持：support、endorse、uphold、back up ; 14、不恰当：inappropriate、improper、unsuitable、inadequate; 15、间或：now and then、from time to time、at times; 16、合适：fit、suit、be suitable; 17、须要：require、need、demand、it is necessary for.to.; 18、说明：tell、explain、spell out、say how; 19、初始的：preliminary ; 20、依序列举：list in sequence。 以上是小站君为大家整理的托福写作常用词汇，除了写作常用词汇外，我们还要留意经常被误用的词。 二.4组常被误用的词 pare与contrast的误用 我们先从两者的定义入手来看两者的区分。Compare的定义为：to examine people or things to see how they are similar or different. Contrast的定义为：to compare two or more things to show the difference between them.由定义不难看出前者侧重于找到两个或多个事物的异同,而后者则侧重于它们的不同。看个例句： It is interesting to compare their situations to ours./It is interesting to contrast their situations to ours. 前一句翻译为：对比一下我们的状况与他们的状况会很好玩。 后一句的翻译为：我们的状况与他们的状况有很大的不同,这很好玩。 再看一个引自OXFORD ADBANCED LEARNERS DICTIONARY的例子： There is an obvious contrast between the culture of East and West. The company lost $7 million in contrast to a profit of $6.2 million a year earlier. When you look at their new system, ours seems very old-fashioned by contrast. 不难发觉,Compare翻译为“与。相比”而contrast可译为“明显不同的是。”,切记这种翻译方式就不会用错彼此了。 2.assume及claim运用不够精确 我们知道, think, assume, claim是争论文中常用引出观点的动词。在实际作文中,同学们往往认为几个词的意思是一样的,完全可以代换,所以拿过来就用。甚至还有同学把consider也拿过来与之混用。我们首先还是从定义来看这几个词的不同： Think：to have opinion or belief about sth. 翻译为“认为”,通常接宾语从句来表达比较确定的观点。 Assume：to think or accept that sth is true but without having proof of it. 翻译为“假设、假定”,是否有事实依据是不确定的。 Claim：to say sth is true although it has not been proved and other people may not believe it. 翻译为“声称”,用这个词往往意味着不赞同紧跟其后的观点,所以很少用作I claim that Scientist are claiming a breakthrough in the fight against cancer, but in fact,。 所以It is claimed that通常翻译为“有报道称。”。和it is reported that的区分在于后者翻译为“据报道”,往往代表着作者赞同报告的内容, Consider：to think about sth carefully, especially in order to make a decision 翻译为“考虑”,一般不用作引出观点,看个例子： We are considering buying a new car. 所以,千万不要在托福写作的第一段(观点表达段)就因为用词把握不准而导致对整篇文章的低分印象。 3.表“建议”的词汇后面遗忘用虚拟从句 这是摘自学生托福作文中的一个病句： I suggest he continues his study instead of working after graduation from high school. 因为suggest翻译为“建议”,所以后面的从句应当用虚拟语气,黑体部分应当改为“(should) continue” 所以考生肯定要牢记以下常见表“建议”的词汇,而且要记住这些词接从句时要用虚拟语气： Recommend, suggest, advise 4.such as与for example的混用 我们知道,在表示举例子的时候,such as与like是完全等同的,如：Wild flowers such as/like orchids and primroses are becoming rare. 但是同学们对于Such as、for example的把握还是不够精确。我们都知道,后者接句子前者接词语表示举例子。于是就有了下面的写法： There is a similar word in many languages, such as in French and Italian. 这里的such as改为for example为好,因为“in French and Italian”其实是“there is a similar word in French and Italian”的简化,所以要用for example来引出例证。再来看几个类似的例子： It is possible to combine computer science with other subjects, for example physics. 托福考试作文独立写作范文：中学生应当在上高校前花时间工作旅行吗 Students should spend at least one year working or travelling before they go to the university. 【题目大意】： 中学生是否应当在上高校之前拿出至少一年去工作或旅行。主观点可以同意，因为一让学生放松，二可以让学生学到新的技能。 题目：Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: Students should take at least a year to work or travel before beginning college. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: After high school, students should have at least one year to work or travel. It's better than attending university straight away. 范文参考一: The prevailing notion is that high school students are under huge pressure. Then appears a controversy whether students should have one year to engage in other things before they attend their university. After weighing the pros and cons, I am favor of the opinion that having a gap year can produce many benefits. First off, students can benefit a lot from traveling. As everyone knows, to maintain strong competitiveness, high school students are required to accomplish a wide range of either required or optional curriculums at school and the rights to develop their own interests have been deprived relentlessly, which has proven to be a detriment of their growth. Instead of pursuing their bachelor degree without pause in the college, traveling can help them regain chances to cultivate and perfect their personalities and release pressure. For instance, many more college graduates are reported to be indifferent to the society and show no mercy on those in need, part of which owes a lot to the fact that schools lay more emphasis on cultivating students academic abilities and downplay the importance of developing their overall qualities. Traveling to those places in poverty can give students a sight of those impoverished families to call on the sense of responsibility. Besides, by paying a visit to some places of interest like the Great Wall or the pyramid in Egypt, students can approach the greatness of diverse culture. Whats more, the direct access to the natural world can appease students inner uproar. Accordingly, a gap year can be a great asset for high school graduates. Secondly, by taking part-time jobs, not only can students accumulate sufficient social experience but also earn some money to reduce financial stress on their families. Though economy in China keeps growing at a rate of almost 9 percent in the recent, average citizens still suffer huge pressure especially when the slump of stock market took a heavy toll on them and the majority of stock investors withdrew their money and reinvest to the real estate, further increasing pressure on the ordinary because of the increasing prices of housing. For most families from small cities and rural areas, college tuition still appears to be a great burden on them and by taking part-time jobs, students can earn some wages to relieve financial pressure, such as serving as a restaurant attendant that enables students to better develop their communication techniques and learn more about how to meet the demands of consumers or working as a salesman that will be an entirely different experience from high schools and can lead to the cultivation of the ability of presenting customers the advantages of products. Obviously, a gap year means a lot to high school graduates. Admittedly, there is another voice that high school students are supposed to start their campus life immediately after graduation from high schools. To be more specific, maintaining high-efficiency study can lead students to be better acclimated to their college life. Instead of going to college soon, a gap year may disrupt their study schedule and weaken their learning skills. It appears to be sensible, however; the ultimate goal of attending a university is to seek a decent job and gaining social experience in advance makes students more conscious of which kind of area they are more interested in in the near future such as the serving industry or high-tech fields. In conclusion, high school graduates had better live a different life temporarily before they go to college. 写作参考二: Gap year, a break between high school and college, has become a trend among many American and European students theses years. As the popularity of gap year has grown, so to has its appeal. Generally, it can be constructed (working in a company, taking time off to improve coding skills, learning a language, working on personal projects) or unconstructed (travelling, figuring out what to do as it comes). The idea of gap year has been strongly questioned by some nervous parents, however, some supporters contend that it will be a lifelong treasure which enables one to have the full command of his life. From my perspective, taking a year to work or travel before college brings about more advantages than shortcomings. To begin with, a gap year helps guide students future education and life goals. Most of young students do not know exactly what they wanted to do once they left high school or even half way through college. Working or travelling a year will give them some “real world experience” as well as insight into their interests and strengths which will help them shape a path to a successful career. Once students learn a whole lot about themselves, they are likely to take full advantage of college. Take an Australian boy for an example. Enjoying his gap year in Nepal, he helps the locals in Pokhara to build their organic farms. He is so passionate about what he is doing now and he decided to pursue environmental science after he comes back to university. The internships and professional experience gained over the gap year will have much more influence on the development of ones future than college. In addition, taking a year off can refresh the tired-out high school graduates. In general, it will take at least ten years before jumping into the long and challenging years of university. There is no doubt that studious students will spare no effort to improve their academic performance with the expectation that they will receive offers from their dream schools. Under the competitive pressure of high school, they will not only prepare for exams such as SAT or ACT but also seek for voluntary opportunities to enrich their Curriculum Vitae. My younger sister used to travel to Cuba to volunteer with brown bears for three months. After that she went to Europe driving her Vespa across more than 20 cities. She said it was so different from school. She wont have to attend a test at then end of the trimester, which means that there is no peer pressure or any pressure from outside. At the same time she can reorganize her mind which was full of chemical equations, historical events as well as verses from poems. It is true that students who choose to drop a year are more likely to lose their study skills. During the gap year, there will be less chances for them to participate in actual classes in college. Without attending lectures given by famous professor and communicating face-to-face with classmates, the whole learning process will be incomplete. Many of study skills could not be developed and trained, which leads directly to the deprivation of both academic ability and motivation. However, it wont be a potential problem nowadays because most of top universities offer MOOC (Massive Open Online Courses). Students can study random topics through free online classes. Although they dont have any college credit, they learned a lot, met wonderful people, and keep their brains in shape for college. Ultimately, the benefits of gap year far outweigh the only drawback because it can help exhausted students relax both mentally and physically and provide them with the opportunities to take a step back to focus on their goals, leading to a stronger sense of direction once theyre back in the classroom.! 写作参考三: Under the educational system of many western countries, taking a gap year, a period of time when students can take a break from formal education, has become quite common. When it comes to the pros and cons of spending at least one year working or travelling before attending university, people preference may vary from one to another. As for me, it is advisable for high schoolers to have a year off to work or travel, in order to relax themselves and gain new skills. In the first place, spending a year travelling will provide high school students a good chance to escape the daily grind. As is common sense, the life of high schooler are filled with countless assignments, various quiz and exams, which nearly drive them to be stressed out. Obviously, what they need most is the vent for releasing all the tensions and pressures accuring in the rapid rhythm campus life. Consequently, taking a break from educaion and going away for while can fulfill this function well. During the gap year, students can surf in Hawaii, wake boarding in Italy, go bungee jumping in New Zealand and enjoy the sunbath on the seashore of Miami. Such a short escape from the daily bustle and hustle will be conducive to their mental and physical wellbeing. Not only this, but travelling during a gap year can provide a renewed vigor for stuy and a more focused approach to learning. In the second place, taking a year off to do some internship can help high school students acquire more new pratical skills and thus adapt to the university life more smoothly. Many gap year students choose to do voluntary work. This could include teaching in the mountains in Nepal, a conservation project in Madagascar, an expedition in Costa Rica or an internship in Japan. All these experiences of taking voluntary jobs during a gap year will provide you with much more than any classroom setting ever can. We can learn a lot in the classroom, but it isn't until we put it into practice in the real world that we really understand what's going on. To be specific, throughout school we are surrounded by the same folks at similar ages. However, while working in a company, we are bound to discover others, make new friends, and interact with people from all walks of life, which will defnitely hone our social skills. It is undoubted that people with strong interpersonal competence can enjoy great popularity among classmates and teachers. In a nutshell, it is a wise move to spend at least one year travelling or working for the sake of taking a break from daily routine and acquire new skills. 托福考试作文独立写作范文：学校社团组织活动建议 The club of your school plan to help one of the following group of people, 1.teach pupils reading and math 2. build houses for those who cannot afford the house 3.take care of the old 题目大意：学校社团想要组织一下三个活动，教小学生阅读数学，为无家可归者建房子，照看老人。建议选择照看老人，因为可以培育孩子社会责任感和耐性，还可以帮助老人排遣孤独。 Agree or disagree: the university club wants to help others, if you are a member of them, which following would you prefer to choose? help young students in nearby primary school, help people to find new houses for rent; help old people for caring them in daily life. 范文参考一: Life is loaded with various difficulties and hardshi