备战2020高考英语专题-定语从句-巩固提升练习(含解析)43078.pdf
名师整理,助你成功 备战 2020 高考英语专题-定语从句-巩固提升练习(含解析)一、单选题 1.It is the third time that she has won the race,has surprised us all.A.that B.where C.which D.what 2.The Internet in_you can have a lot of fun can also be a dangerous thing sometimes.A.which B.that C.where D.when 3.People have the belief _ factories should produce fewer things from raw materials,_ the supply is growing smaller and smaller.A.which;that B.that;of which C.that;whose D.which;whose 4.Mark berg is the founder of the site Facebook,_ you can have a look at each other s pictures.A.where B.which C.when D.as 5.By 16:30,was almost closing time,nearly all the paintings had been sold.A.which B.when C.what D.that 6.A plane is a machine can fly.A.whom B.who C.which D.where 7.He wrote a lot of novels,none of _ has been translated into a foreign language.A.them B.which C.it D.that 8.The film brought the hours back to me _ I was taken good care of in that far-away village.A.that B.who C.as D.when 9.Villagers here depend on the fishing industry,_ there wont be much work.A.where B.which C.by which D.without which 10.He worked in a car factory for four years,_ he founded his own company in his hometown.A.after which B.after when C.after that D.after it 11.Where did you get to know her?It was on the farm _ we worked.A.that B.there C.which D.where 12.The publication of Great Expectations,which _ both widely reviewed and highly praised,strengthened Dickens status as a leading novelist.A.is B.are C.was D.were 13.Where did you come across your old classmate Jane?It was in the supermarket _ she worked _ I came across her.名师整理,助你成功 A.where;when B.that;when C.that;that D.where;that 14.The reason _he was late was _he missed the train.A.why;that B.that;that C.that;why D.why;why 15.Its on such occasions _ his classmates get together that he misses his teachers.A.that B.whether C.as D.when 16.Gun control is a topic _ Americans have discussed for a long time.A.of which B.with which C.about which D.into which 17.It rained this morning,_ actually didnt bother me because I like walking in the rain.A.what B.when C.where D.which 18.Toms new watch _ hands are made of gold is quite expensive.A.that B.which C.whose D.of which 19.I was given three books on sewing,the first one_ I really enjoyed.A.that B.which C.of which D.of that 20.In self,many girls never miss a chance to make a duck face,an exaggerate pouting(撅嘴)expression _ the lips are pointed outwards.A.that B.where C.which D.as 21.This is the last factory he used to work at,many workers of .still have a good relationship with him.A./;it B.which;whom C./;which D.which;that 22.Please send us all the information _ you have about the candidate for the position.A.that B.which C.as D.what 23.Facebook is a very famous social networking website founded in 2004 _ millions of people interact with one another.A.when B.that C.which D.where 24.The insects black eyes,are fixed on the cabbage,show the creatures interest in the vegetable.A.which B.as C.that D.what 25.It is fantastic for children to have a harmonious family,the parents treat their child like a friend.A.why B.that C.which D.where 26.Eric received training in computer for one year,_ he found a job in a big company.A.after that B.after which C.after it D.after this 27.The conflict had developed into a stage _ the two countries were gathering big troops on the border.A.where B.which C.that D.when 28.Ive become good friends with some of the students in my school _ I met in the 名师整理,助你成功 English speech contest last year.A.who B.where C.when D.which 29.They worked for two hours to rescue the man _ was injured in the accident.A.whose B.which C.why D.who 30.They overcame some difficulties and completed the work ahead of time,was something we had not expected.A.that B.which C.it D.what 31.Mr.Johnsons son _ lives in Chicago is a doctor.A.who B.whom C.whose D.which 32.I showed the book to Tina _ I borrowed from the public library.A.when B.who C.which D.whose 33.Theaters may have a brighter future if they can provide a movie experience people cannot get at home.A.that B.who C.whom D.what 二、语法填空 34.I have found the very shop _ has everything we need.35.The boy _ father is a driver is said to be learning driving now.36.Sharing bread or other foods is a common human tradition _ can promote unity and trust.37.Confucius is the philosopher_ influence has been the greatest.38.We are living in an age _many things are done on computer.39.Qingdao is a beautiful city,_ Ill pay a six-day visit.40.Many countries are now setting up national parks _ animals and plants can be protected.41.The government has carried out several new plans,_benefits are various and obvious.42.There was a time _ my little brother got crazy about playing computer games.43.The number of smokers,_is reported,has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.名师整理,助你成功 答案 一、单选题 1.【答案】C 【解析】【分析】句意:这是她第三次赢得比赛,这使我们所有人很吃惊。这是一个非限制性定语从句,先行词是整个主句,关系词在从句中作主语,故选 C。【点评】考查定语从句,本题涉及关系代词 which 引导的非限制性定语从句的应用。2.【答案】A 【解析】【分析】考查词引导定语从句。句意:你能拥有很多乐趣的互联网有时候也可能是一件有危险的事情。which 代指先行词 the Internet,与 in 一起在定语从句中充当地点状语,故选 A。【点评】本题要求考生在理解句义的基础上,进一步牢固掌握定语从句的用法。3.【答案】B 【解析】【分析】句意:人们认为工厂应该少用原材料生产东西,且对此的供给也会愈来愈少。第一空表示的 belief 一词的同位语从句,故使用 that 一词;第二空为非限制性定语从句的考查,其先行词为前面一句中的“few things”,故使用“of which”适合;如果要使用 whose一词引导的话应该去掉 supply 前面的定冠词 the 才可以,故选 B 项适合。【点评】考查名词性从句和定语从句,本题涉及同位语从句和非限制性定语从句的应用。4.【答案】A 【解析】【分析】这题考查定语从句的用法,where 引导定语从句修饰 Facebook,而且 where在定语从句中做地点状语,句意是:Mark Zuckerberg 是 Facebook 的创始人,在 facebook你可以看见彼此的照片。选 A。5.【答案】A 【解析】【分析】句意:直到临近结束的 16:30,几乎所有的油画才售完。“_ was almost closing time”是个非限定性定语从句,且从句内缺少主语。所以用关系代词 which.D 项 that不用于非限定性定语从句中。故选 A。【点评】考查定语从句,本题涉及关系代词 which 引导的非限制性定语从句。6.【答案】C 【解析】【分析】考查定语从句。句意:飞机是一种可以飞的机器。这是一个限制性定语从句,修饰先行词 a machine,在定语从句中作主语,指物,所以用 which,选 C。【点评】本题是对关系副词引导的定语从句的考查,要求准确把握定语从句的相关知识,正确使用关系代词和关系副词。7.【答案】B 【解析】【分析】考查非限制性定语从句。novels 是先行词,of 是介词,所以后面的非限制性定语从句用 which 引导,故选 B。8.【答案】D 【解析】【分析】句意:这部电影使我想起,在那遥远的小村庄受到良好照顾的时光。Hours是先行词,从句中缺时间状语,必须用关系副词 when=during which.注意:高考题中,先行名师整理,助你成功 词和从句往往被其他成分隔开,故选 D。【点评】考查定语从句,本题涉及关系副词 when 引导的短语从句的应用。9.【答案】D 【解析】【分析】考查定语从句。句意:这里的村民们都依靠打渔产业,没有打渔产业,那里就没有什么工作可做了。根据句意可知,此处为定语从句,先行词是 the fishing industry,连词与 without 在从句中作条件状语。故选 D。10.【答案】A 【解析】【分析】考查定语从句。句意:他在一家汽车公司工作了四年,在那以后,在家乡建立了自己的公司,after which 引导定语从句,故选 A 项。11.【答案】D 【解析】【分析】关系词指地点,并在从句中作状语,故用 where。12.【答案】C 【解析】【分析】句意:远大前程的出版,得到了广泛的好评和高度赞扬,加强了狄更斯作为一名主要小说家的地位。这是一个非限制性定语从句,先行词 The publication of Great Expectations 在定语从句中作主语,是单数概念,根据主谓一致的原则,所以谓语动词用单数,再根据主句谓语动词 reviewed 是一般过去时可知,故选 C。【点评】考查主谓一致,以及非限制性定语从句的应用。13.【答案】D 【解析】【分析】句意:你在哪里碰到了你的旧同学 Jane 的?在她工作的超级市场我碰到了她。the supermarket 是先行词,work 不及物,因此定语从句不缺少成分,用 where 指地点,it is/was.that 是强调句,这三个词去掉后不影响句意,这里强调了碰见简的地点,强调句中包含一个定语从句,故选 D。【点评】考查定语从句和强调句。14.【答案】A 【解析】【分析】句意:他迟到的原因是他错过了火车。第一空填 why,引导定语从句,修饰 the reason,定语从句中缺少原因状语,第二空是 that,因为主语是 the reason 时,表语从句用 that 引导,选 A。【点评】考查定语从句和表语从句,以及固定句型 the reason is/was that.。15.【答案】D 【解析】【分析】句意:就在他的同学聚在一起这样的时刻,他想念他的老师。分析句子可知本句是强调句型 It is+被强调部分(强调的是 on the occasion his classmates get together)+其他。先行词是 such occasions(这个时刻),在从句中作状语,放入句中即 his classmates get together on the occasion。所以要用 on which=when。故选 D 项。【点评】考查定语从句,本题涉及关系副词 when 引导的限制性定语从句的应用。16.【答案】C 【解析】【分析】句意:强制控制是美国人长期讨论的话题。先行词是 Gun control,指物,关系词在从句中做介词的宾语,介词前置,介词与从句动词构成搭配 discuss about sth,故选 C。名师整理,助你成功【点评】考查定语从句,本题涉及”介词+which“引导的限制性定语从句的应用。17.【答案】D 【解析】【分析】句意:今天早上下雨了,这实际上没有打扰我,因为我喜欢在雨中散步。此处是整个句子作先行词,在后面的非限制性定语从句作主语,故用 which 作关系词,故答案为 D。【点评】考查定语从句,本题涉及关系代词 which 引导的非限制性定语从句。18.【答案】C 【解析】【分析】句意:汤姆的指针是金子制成的手表非常昂贵。句中包含定语从句,先行词是 watch 和 hands 的关系是手表的指针,故用关系代词 whose,故选 C.【点评】考查定语从句,本题涉及关系代词 whose 引导的限制性定语从句。19.【答案】C 【解析】【分析】考查定语从句。本题定语从句的先行词是 three books on sewing,在定语从句中关系代词 which 指代先行词作为介词 of 的宾语。That 不能放在介词的后面。AB 项在剧中的结构分析不请。句意:别人给了我三本关于缝纫的书,我真的很喜欢其中的第一本。故 C 正确。【点评】考查定语从句。解答定语从句的关键是分析句子成分,如果定语从句的句子成分很完整就使用关系副词;如果句子缺少主语,宾语,表语或者定语的时候就使用关系代词。同时也要 注意一些关系词的特殊用法,尤其是 that 的特殊用法,既要注意普遍性,也要注意特殊性。特别关注:Whose 是关系词中唯一的一个可以放在名词前面做定 语的关系代词,如果缺少定语,用 whose 引导定语从句,或是 of which the+名词/the+名词+of which。要特别注意 which 引导非限制性短语从句的用法。20.【答案】B 【解析】【分析】句意:在自拍照片里,很多女孩子从不会错过机会拍摄嘟嘴照,这是一种噘嘴的表情,在这个表情里嘴唇向外。本题定语从句的先行词是 expression,后面定语从句的结构很完整,所以使用关系副词where引导定语从句并在句中做地点状语,相当于in which。故选 B。【点评】考查定语从句,本题涉及 where 引导的限制性定语从句的应用。21.【答案】C 【解析】【分析】句意:这是最后一个工厂,也是我过去常常工作的地方,那里的许多工人和我仍保持好的关系。这里 the last factory 是先行词,在从句中 at 的宾语,因为有 the last 修饰,所以用关系代词 that 或者省略;第二空先行词仍然是 factory,在从句中作介词的宾语,故用 which,所以选 C。【点评】考查定语从句,本题涉及关系代词引导的限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的应用。22.【答案】A 【解析】【分析】句意:请把你所有的关于职位申请人的信息发给我们。题干中的先行词为all the information,能够引导定语从句的选项为 A、B、C。as 引导限制性定语从句,先行词一般有 such,as,the same 等词修饰;先行词被 all,the only,next,only,形容词最高级等修饰时,定语从句用 that 引导,故选 A。名师整理,助你成功【点评】考查定语从句。23.【答案】D 【解析】【分析】句意:成立于 2014 年的脸谱网是一个非常著名的社交网站,数以百万计的人在此上面相互交流。分析句子可知,句中先行词为 website,在从句中作地点状语,故用关系副词 where。故选 D。【点评】考查定语从句,本题涉及关系副词 where 引导的限制性定语从句的应用。24.【答案】A 【解析】【分析】句意:这只昆虫的黑眼睛正盯着那白菜,显示出对白菜的极大兴趣。根据句子的结构可知这里构造了非限制性定语从句。用 which 指代前面的名词“black eyes”并在定语从句中做主语。故选 A。【点评】考查定语从句,本题涉及关系代词 which 引导的非限制性定语从句的应用。25.【答案】D 【解析】【分析句意:孩子们有一个和睦的家庭,父母把孩子当朋友对待,这是非常棒的。where 引导定语从句修饰 family,在从句中作地点状语。故选 D。【点评】考查定语从句,本题涉及关系副词 where 引导的非限制性定语从句。26.【答案】B 【解析】【分析】句意:Eric 接受了一年的电脑训练,之后在一家大公司找到了一份工作。空格处代指前面提到的接受电脑培训一年这件事,表示“从那以后”,故是定语从句,根据有介词 after,关系代词只能用 which,故答案为 B。【点评】考查介词+which 引导定语从句的应用。27.【答案】A 【解析】【分析】考查定语从句。stage 是指某事物/某人的发展、成长或进步的程度、时期或阶段。stage 是先行词,在后面的定语从句中作地点状语,故选 where。句意:冲突已经发展到了两国在边境集结军队的程度。28.【答案】A 【解析】【分析】句意:我已经与去年我在英语竞赛中遇见的我们学校的几个学生成为了好朋友。A 选项应在定语从句中作主语或宾语,指人;B 选项应指代前面的地点名词,在从句中作地点状语;C 选项应指代前面时间名词,在从句中作时间状语;而 D 选项在从句中作主语或宾语,指代前面的事物。此句是定语从句中缺少宾语且指人,故答案选 A。此题选项没有给出 whom。故答案为 A。【点评】考查定语从句关系代词的用法。定语从句的引导词也叫关系词,关系词的判断依据有两点:1.先行词;2.关系词在从句中的功能。先行词指人时,关系词用 who/that,在从句中作主语或宾语,充当宾语时可用 whom,也可以省略;先行词指物时关系词用 which/that,在从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时可以省略。先行词指时间,关系词用 when,在从句中作状语;先行词指地点,关系词用 where,在从句中作状语;先行词指原因,关系词用 why,在从句中作状语。29.【答案】D 【解析】【分析】句意:他们花费两个小时营救在事故中受伤的男士。the man 做先行词,指人,在后面的定语从句中做主语,故选 D。名师整理,助你成功【点评】考查定语从句,本题涉及关系代词 who 引导的限制性定语从句的应用。30.【答案】B 【解析】【分析】句意:他们克服了一些困难,提前完成了工作,这是我们没有预料到的。这是一个非限制性定语从句,先行词为前面的整个句子,从句缺少主语,应该用关系代词,所以应该用 which。故选 B。【点评】考查定语从句,本题涉及关系代词 which 引导的非限制性定语从句的应用。31.【答案】A 【解析】【分析】句意:住在芝加哥的 Mr.Johnson 的儿子是一名医生。此处是定语从句,先行词是 Mr.Johnsons son,_ lives in Chicago 是定语从句,先行词在定语从句中做主语,故选 A。【点评】考查定语从句,本题涉及关系代词 who 引导的限制性定语从句。32.【答案】C 【解析】【分析】句意:我把从公共图书馆借来的书给了蒂娜。先行词 the book.指物,在定语从句中作 borrow 的宾语,用 which 引导定语从句,故选 C.【点评】考查定语从句,本题涉及关系代词 which 引导的限制性定语从句。33.【答案】A 【解析】【分析】句意:如果剧院可以提供人们在家无法获得的电影经历,它们会有一个光明的未来。that 关系代词,指人或物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;who 关系代词,指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;whom 关系代词,指人,在定语从句中作宾语;what 不能引导定语从句;根据 a movie experience people cannot get at home可知先行词为 experience,是事物,所以用关系代词 that故选 A。【点评】考查定语从句,本题涉及关系代词 that 引导的限制性定语从句的应用。二、语法填空 34.【答案】that 【解析】【分析】句意:我已经找到了那家能买到我们需要的一切的商店。shop 是先行词,the very 修饰先行词,关系词要用 that。故答案为 that。【点评】考查定语从句,理解句意,确定先行词,根据从句的结构即可判断答案。35.【答案】whose 【解析】【分析】句意:据说正在学习开车的那个男孩的父亲是一名司机。男孩的父亲,用 whose 作定语修饰 father。故答案为 whose。【点评】考查引导定语从句的“whose+名词”的结构。36.【答案】that/which 【解析】【分析】句意:分享面包或其他食物是人类共同的传统,可以促进团结和信任。tradition是先行词,定语从句中缺少主语,故答案为 that/which。【点评】考查关系代词在定语从句中的选用。37.【答案】whose 【解析】【分析】句意:孔子是影响最大的哲学家。_ influence has been the greatest.是一个定语从句,修饰先行词 Confucius,关系词在从句中作定语,所以填 whose。名师整理,助你成功【点评】考查定语从句,本题涉及关系代词 whose 引导的限制性定语从句的应用。38.【答案】when 【解析】【分析】句意:我们生活在一个许多事情可以在电脑上做的时代。这是一个限制性定语从句,先行词是 an age 在定语从句中作状语,指在这个时代,故填 when。【点评】考查定语从句,本题涉及关系副词 when 引导的限制性定语从句的应用。39.【答案】to which 【解析】【分析】句意:青岛是一座美丽的城市,我要去那玩六天。这里非限制性定语从句中 pay a visit to 参观。故答案为 to which.【点评】考查引导定语从句的关系词的用法。理解句意,弄清先行词和从句结构,根据从句结构和固定短语判断所缺成分。40.【答案】where 【解析】【分析】句意:现在许多国家建立了国家公园,在那里动植物得到保护。parks 作先行词,在后面的定语从句中作地点状语,故答案为 where。【点评】考查关系副词 where 引导定语从句,判断时首先要确定先行词,然后根据从句的结构进行判断。41.【答案】whose 【解析】【分析】这里含有一个定语从句,关系词在从句中作定语,所以填 whose。【点评】考查定语从句知识。判断定语从句所缺少的连接词,要根据从句所缺少成分填。42.【答案】when 【解析】【分析】句意:有一段时间,我的小弟弟疯狂地玩电脑游戏。此处 a time 是先行词,在后面的定语从句中作时间状语,故填 when。【点评】考查定语从句,本题涉及关系副词 when 引导的定语从句的应用。43.【答案】as 【解析】【分析】句意:正如所报道,吸烟者的数量在短短一年里下降了 17%。as 引导的从句可位于主句前、中、后。as be+announced/expected/known/imagined/mentioned/said/shown/reported(正如所)等。这些结构常放句首,偶尔也可以放句中或句末。故答案为:as。【点评】考查 as 和 which 引导非限制性定语从句的区别。