译林版牛津英语第一轮复习教学案7上Unit647842.pdf

1 7 上 Unit 6 Food and lifestyle 一复习单词表 1.拼写易错单词 lifestyle hamburger lemon watermelon chocolate carrot snack sugar pool carton score point menu bean 2.A.常用单词 lifestyle noon hamburger keep lemon watermelon chocolate beef carrot pork sweet meat snack meal pear sugar cola pool plate cup kilo carton bottle total score point menu bean B.重要单词用法 1.health n.健康；健康状况 be in good health=be healthy 身体健康 He is healthy./He is in good health.他很健康。Exercise is good for health.锻炼身体有益于身体健康。healthy(-ier,-iest)adj.健康的 adv.healthily（反）unhealthy a healthy child 健康的孩子 keep healthy=keep fit 保持健康【应用】You should be careful with your_,because you are not_.A.Health;healthy B.Healthy;health C.Health;health D.Healthy;healthy The more you exercise,the _(heathy)youll be.2.fit adj.合适的 例如：The coat was not fit for you.v.使适合；(fit-fitted-fitted)例如：These shoes dont fit me.这双鞋我穿着不合适。短语：be fit for 适合于 fit very well 非常合适 in the fitting room 在试衣间【应用】The coat _(not fit)very well.Can you give me another one?3.tooth (pl.teeth)n 牙；牙齿.短语：1.have(a/the)toothache 牙痛 toothache 牙痛 toothbrush（pl.toothbrushes）n.牙刷【应用】Look!The baby has only two_(tooth).You need to take out two more_(toothbrush).4.change v&n.变化；转变；改变；找回的零钱，找头；短语：change into 变成：e.g.Put a basin of water in cold outside and the next morning,the water will change into ice.在寒冷的室外放一盆水，第二天早晨水就会变成冰。Great changes have taken place in my hometown these years.【应用】Our hometown _(change)a lot in the last few years.The weather here often_(change)in June.5.plan n.&v.方法；方案 短语：1.make a plan 做计划 2.plan to do sth 计划做某事，相当于 be going to do sth.【应用】I plan_(exercise)every morning.I _(plan)to go for a walk,but someone called and I couldnt get away.6.glass n.玻璃；玻璃制品 a glass of water 一杯水 (pl.)glasses 眼镜 a pair of glasses 一副眼镜【应用】There are four_(glass)of water on the table.Who is the boy with a pair of _(glass)?2 7.salt n.氯化钠；食盐 salty adj.咸的【应用】There _(be)some salt on the table.The fish tastes_（salt）.-Mum,the soup is _.-Sorry,dear.Ive put _in it.(salt)8.less adj.更小的；较小的 little adj.小的；少的；n.少许，一会儿，adv.很少 little-less-least,常用来修饰不可数名词。可数名词一般用 few 的比较级 fewer 来修 饰，如：less time/water 少一些的时间/水 fewer books/apples 少一些的书/苹果 less than 意为 少于，用于数量、时间、金钱、距离等的比较，后面可以接可 数名词。如：less than a mile 不到一英里 less than 7 hours 少于 7 个小时 less/fewer than 的反义词是 more than,意思是 多于。at least 至少（反）at most 至多【应用】It takes _(little)time to go there by underground than by bus.I think the tourists on the Great Wall are_ ten hundred thousand on May Day.A.more than B.fewer C.less D.more 9.total adj.n.&v.完全的；总体的 短语：in total 总共 the total number of.的总数 【应用】我们班上学生的总人数是 45._ _ _ of students is 45 in our class.10.number n.数；数码；短语：1.a number of 许多 （注意谓语动词应用复数）E.g.A number of students are ill because of that heavy rain.许多学生都因为大雨而生病了.2.the number of 的数量 E.g.The number of the students in my class is 55.我班学生的数量是 55 人。（注意谓语动词应用单数）3.wrong number(电话用语)打错了 形容 number 用 large 或 small【应用】A number of my friends_(think)I should take a holiday.The number of the pandas_(be)getting smaller and smaller.11.order v.要求；订购；（n.顺序）;短语：1.in order to 为了；e.g.：She got up early in order to catch the bus.为了能赶上车她起得很早。In order that+从句 She got up early in order that she could catch the bus.2.keep.in order 使.保持井然有序 3.order a pizza 订购一份披萨 4.order sb.(not)to do sth.命令某人(不要)做某事 e.g：The teacher ordered me to clean the classroom.【应用】He bought a robot_ _ _ have more time to relax.The boss often orders me _(clean)his car.12.taste taste n.&v.味道；滋味 短语：taste good/nice/delicious 尝起来好吃 with a pleasant taste 有好的味道 tasty(-ier,-iest)adj.美味的 【应用】The pie_delicious.I want to eat another one.A.sounds B.feels C.tastes D.looks The food on Mars will not be as _(taste)as they are today.13.energy n.精力；活力能量 短语：be full of energy 精力充沛 energetic adj.精力充沛的 an energetic person 【应用】He is a man full of _(能量).Green is an _(energy)colour and red is a strong colour.14.whole adj.1.整个的：e.g.a whole cake 整个蛋糕 3 They told me the whole story.他们给我讲了整个的故事。2.全部的：e.g.the whole truth 全部真相 n.1.整体；全部：e.g.the whole of that area 整个那个地区 2.总和；总计：e.g.Two halves make a whole.两个一半合为一个整数。【应用】你应该让你全家一起吃晚饭。You should get your_ _ to have dinner together.二重点词组、句型用法 1.Lets have a hamburger.(P68)咱们吃汉堡包吧。lets 是 let us 的缩写形式，意为 让我们。let sbdo sth 意为 让某人做某事，表示 提出某建议请求对方同自己一起干某事。否定形式 let sb.not do sth.lets 是 let us 的缩写，包括听话人在内，往往用来邀请、建议对方一起做某事，附加问句往往使用 shall we.e.g.Lets go home right now,shall we?咱们现在就回家，好吗？Let us 往往用来请求听话人许可自己做某事，不包括听话人在内，附加问句往往使用 will you.e.g.Let us go home,will you?让我们回家吧，好吗？【应用】She lets her son_(play)in the garden.Lets go fishing this afternoon,_?2.Its only half past ten,Eddie.(P68)才十点半呀，埃迪。half past ten 意为 十点半。十点半 也可表示为 ten thirty。英语中表示 几点几分 有两种表达方式：一是时在前，分在后，直接用基数词按顺序读出，如 9:20 nine twenty;7:38 seven thirty-eight;10:50 ten fifty 二是分在前，时在后，半小时及半小时以内用 past,意为 过；超过半小时用 to,意为 差，但 点（小时）数 要加 1。如 9:20 twenty past nine;10:50 ten to eleven【拓展】表示 半小时 常用 half,表示 一刻钟 常用 quarter。如：2:30 two thirty 或 half past Two;4:15 four fifteen 或 a quarter past four;8:45 eight forty-five 或 a quarter to nine。One/a quarter 四分之一 three quarters=three fourths 四分之三【应用】Almost three quarters of the Earth_(be)covered with water.2.And hamburgers are not good for us.(P68)而且汉堡包对我们没有好处。be good for.意为 对.有益/有好处；其反义短语是 be bad for.意为 对.有害。E.g.Eating more vegetables is good for our health.Smoking is bad for our health.【拓展】be good at 擅长.,在.方面成绩好 be good to 对.友好 be good with 与.相处得好【应用】I think drinking milk is good _our health.A.for B.to C.with D.At Lily is good at_(dance).4.An apple a day keeps the doctor away!(P68)一天一苹果，医生远离我！这是一个英语谚语。其中 keep.away 是 使.远离 的意思，如：You should keep your long hair away from fire.【拓展】keep 的用法归类：keep+形容词 保持.的状态 keep+(宾语)+doing sth.(使.)持续做某事 4 keep+宾语+宾语补足语（介词短语、形容词、现在分词等）使.保持某种状态（怎么样）。如：Keep quiet,please.Keep trying,and you can succeed.Please keep the window closed.Its cold outside.keep 构成的一些短语 :keep fit/healthy 保持健康 keep secrets 保密 keep(sb.)away(from sth.)（使）某人离开（某物）keep sb.from doing sth.阻止某人做某事 keep sth.in mind 记住（某事物）keep in touch with 与保持联系 keep(on)doing sth.继续做某事 keep up with 跟上，不落在后面 keep a record 保持记录 keep worries to oneself 把烦恼放在心里 Keep.in good order 使.井然有序【应用】Its impolite to keep others_(wait)for a long time.It will be even worse if you keep worries to_(you).5.Give me ten.(P68)给我十个吧。give sb.sth.意思是给某人某物，它等于 give sth.to sb.如：You can give me some advice.【拓展】初中英语有不少动词可以接双宾语，例如：lend,borrow,bring,show,buy,tell 等。但如果 sth 是代词（it、them 等）那就只能用 give sth to sb.就是把代词放到中间。【应用】Would you please give _?A.him B.it him C.to him it D.it to him 6.I like bananas.How about you,Daniel?(P69)我喜欢香蕉。你呢，丹尼尔？How about.?是英语口语中一个常用的客套句型，about 后可接名词、代词或动词的-ing 形式，常用于以下几种情况：用来询问情况或打听消息等，意为.怎么样？.如何？Im ready.How about you?用来提出请求、建议或征求对方的意见，意为.怎么样？How about having a rest?寒暄时用作承接上下文的转折语。Im a teacher.How about you?how about 与 what about 通用，在表达和使用上没什么区别。【应用】-Its a fine day today.How about_?-Sounds great!A.go hiking B.go to hike C.going hiking D.to go to hike 7.Do you like fish？（P69）你喜欢鱼肉吗？fish v.钓鱼 Lets go fishing this Sunday.n.u鱼肉 Help yourself to some fish.c鱼 They caught several fish.(几条鱼)There are several fishes in this lake.(几种鱼)goldfish c 金鱼 5【应用】The doctor tells me to eat more _because its good for my health.A.orange B.vegetables C.ice cream D.fish 8.Healthy food is important for me.(P70)健康的食物对我很重要。healthy food 意为健康的食品 be important for 意为对很重要，如:Learning English well is important for us.【应用】健康对我们来说很重要，所以我们应当吃健康的食品来保持健康。Health is _ _ _us,so we should eat _ _to _ _.9.I need to keep fit.(P70)我需要保持健康。本句中need to do sth.意为需要做某事，need 为行为动词时，后接动词不定式。need 作为行为动词时，意思是需要，其后可以接名词、代词，也可以接动词不定式或动名词。need 既可用于肯定句，也可用于否定句和疑问句，构成否定句和疑问句时要借助于助动词 do 或 does.need sth.需要某物 need to do sth.需要做某事 need doing sth.=need to be done 某物需要被怎样处理 The door needs painting.=The door needs to be painted.那扇门需要油漆一下。need 为情态动词时，意为必要，其后常接动词原形。没有人称和数的变化。不能单独充当谓语，情态动词必须与一个实义动词一起构成复合谓语，并且这个实意动 词要始终是动词原形。变为否定句时只需在情态动词之后加 not。变为疑问句时只需将情态 动词提到主语的前面。如：-Must I hand in my homework now?-No,you neednt.不，你不必。need 作为名词，含义为缺乏，需要；其复数表示基本需要。in(great)need of（急需）与 meet the needs of(满足的需要)。如：Theres no need for you to try again.你不必再尝试了。【应用】You _ to the meeting tomorrow if you have something important to do.A.neednt to come B.dont need come C.dont need coming D.neednt come 10.I always have milk and bread for breakfast.(P70)我早饭总是喝牛奶、吃面包。本句中的havefor breakfast意为早餐吃（喝）。for breakfast/lunch/supper/dinner 可以放在句末，也可以放在句首。have 作吃讲多用于吃饭 eat 作吃讲，多用于吃某种东西，如吃水果、鱼、肉等。如：have supper have a meal eat an apple eat beef【应用】他早饭就吃了一片面包。He only _ _ _ _bread _ breakfast.11.Sometimes I feel hungry between meals,so I eat an apple or a pear.(P70)有时两餐之间我觉得饿，就吃一个苹果或梨。Sometimes,频度副词，有时，放在系动词、情态动词或助动词后。【辨析】sometime 某时 I will meet you sometime next week.some time 一段时间 I have been here for some time.sometimes 有时 How often do you go there?Sometimes.some times 几次 How many times have you been there?Some times.feel hungry 感到饿的 其中hungryadj.饥锇的；挨锇的 如：Lets eat soon-Im hungry.咱们早点吃吧-我饿了。hunger n.饿；饥饿 如：He died of hunger.他饿死了。6 between 介词，主要用于两者之间，其宾语往往是表示两者的名词或代词，或者是由 and 连接的两个人或物。among 用于三者或三者以上的 在中间，其宾语通常是一个表示笼统数量或具 有复数（或集合）意义的名词或代词。如：They hid themselves among the trees.There was a fight between the two boys.【应用】We are going to have an English test_next month.A.sometime B.sometimes C.some time D.some times She will stay in Beijing for _ A.sometime B.sometimes C.some time D.some times How many times do you watch TV every week？_.A.sometime B.sometimes C.some time D.some times There will be a football match _ Class 1 and Class A.at B.in C.among D.Between Paris is_(在.之中)the largest cities in the world.12.They have too much sugar and are bad for my teeth.(P70)它们含糖太多，对我的牙齿有害。too much 相当于形容词，意为more than enough,用在不可数名词前面作定语或在系动词后面作表语。Dont drink too much cola.The work is too much for her.相当于副词，在句中作状语。You work too much.【辨析】much too 只用于副词作状语，在句中修饰形容词或副词，但不修饰动词。如：You are much too kind to me.You are driving much too fast.be bad for my teeth 对我的牙齿有害 tooth(pl.)-teeth 同 foot-feet【应用】-You shouldnt eat _ meat because its bad for your health.-Thanks.And eating a lot will make me look _ fat.Amuch too Btoo much Cmany too Dtoo many 13.I plan to eat more fruit and vegetables every day.(P70)我打算每天吃更多的水果和蔬菜。plan n.&v.方法；方案 plan-planned-planned plan-planning planner 计划者，规划者 make a plan n.做计划 plan(v.)to do sth 计划做某事 如：Im planning to swim now.【应用】He plans_(visit)the old next week.14.Theyre Grandpas favourite.(P74)它们是爷爷的最爱。名词所有格的构成方法：一般情况(包括单数名词和不带词尾 s 的复数名词)加 s：如：Childrens Day todays newspaper 带词尾 s 的复数名词只加省字撇()：如：Teachers Day 带词尾 s 的单数名词，通常仍加s：如：the bosss plan 用 and 连接的并列连词的所有格要分两种情况，即表示各 自的所有关系时，要分别在并列连词后加-s，表示共同的所有 关系时，只在最后一个名词后加s，如：7 Toms and Jims rooms 汤姆和吉姆各自的房间 Tom and Jims rooms 汤姆和吉姆（共同）的房间【应用】They are those _（visitor）bags.Please put them on the bus.15.How long do you sleep every night?(P75)你每晚睡多长时间？how long 有以下两个主要意思：表示多长时间，主要用来对一段时间(如 three days,four weeks 等)提问。如：A：How long does it take to get to London from here?从这里到伦敦要多长时间?B：At least ten hours.至少要 10 个小时。表示某东西有多长。如：A：How long is the river?这条河有多长？B：About 500 km.大约 500 千米。【辨析】how often 指每隔多久，主要用来对频度副词或状语(如：once a week,three times a month 等)提问。如：A：How often does he come here?他(每隔)多久来一次?B：Once a month.每月一次。how soon 指再过多久，主要用来对表示将来的一段时间(如：in an hour,in two weeks 等)提问。如：A：How soon will he be back?他要多久才回来?B：In an hour.1 小时以后。【应用】-_ have you been learning English?I have been learning English for six years.A.How long B.How often C.How far D.How soon 16.What would you like to order,Andy?(P76)安迪，你想点什么菜？would like 意为想，想要，与 want 意义相同，但语气更委婉。would like 可与任何人称连用，没有人称和数的变化，肯定句中 would 常在主语后面缩写为 d。肯定句：主语+would like 一般疑问句：Would+主语+like?特殊疑问句：疑问词+would+主语+like?基本用法：would like sth.想要某物。如：Would you like a cup of tea?Yes,please./No,thanks.would like to do sth.想要做某事。如：Would you like to go shopping with me?Yes,Id like to./Id like to,but I have to do my homework.would like to do sth.想要某人做某事 如：Jim would like his friend to help him with his English.【应用】-Would you like to play football with us?-_.A.Yes,I would B.Yes,I would like to C.No,thanks D.No,I would not 17.There are three toy trains in the tree.(P77)树上有三辆玩具火车。in the tree 通常表示的是方位、位置，在树上、在树干上、在树枝间等 Alan found a birds nest in the tree.艾伦发现树上有个鸟窝。on the tree 特指生长在树上。如树上结的果子、开的花等。There are many apples on the tree.苹果在树上就烂了。8【应用】There is a bird_the tree.The leaves_the tree turn yellow.(on/in)18.One hundred children have one hundred dreams.(P77)一百个孩子有一百个梦想。前面有具体的数词修饰时，hundred,thousand 和 million 不能加-s;当它们后面接 of 时，它们必须加-s.不管哪种情况，它们都是直接接名词，名词前不能有限定词。但是，如果 hundred,thousand 和 million 前面有 many 和 several 等不确定的数修饰时，many是个概数，可以组成 many(hundreds,thousands,millions)of+名词复数；several 相当于一个具体的数字，组成 several(hundred,thousand,million)+名词复数。【应用】Many _ trees should be planted on the mountains.A.thousand B.thousand of C.thousands D.thousands of 19.I often play football to keep fit.(P83)为了保持健康，我经常踢足球。to keep fit 作目的状语,为了的意思，如：I came here to see you.目的状语还可以用如下表达法：to in order to +动词原形 I come to see her.=I come in order to see her.=I come so as to see her.so that +主语+may/might+动词原形 in order that I come in order that I may see her.=I come so that I may see her.【应用】He came _(teach)the little girl English.Mr Jiang bought a robot in order_(have)more time to relax.20.This helps me start the day well.(P78)这帮助我很好地开始一天的生活。help sb.（to）do sth.帮助某人做某事。help sb.with sth.帮助某人做某事 help oneself（to）自用（食物等）help sb.out 帮助某人克服困难，渡过难关、解决问题 Cant help doing 情不自禁做.be of some/no/much help to sb.对某人有些/没有/很有帮助 with the help of 在.的帮助下 n.start the day well 副词修饰动词【应用】Please help_(you)to some fish,boys.I helped him_(repair)his bike.三语法复习 可数与不可数名词 一、可数名词 在可数名词之前可以加上冠词 a/an。而不可数名词前面是不可以直接家冠词的。可数名词变为复数形式有如下变化规律：1一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds 2.以 s.x.sh.ch 结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches；3以 辅音字母+y结尾，变 y 为 i,再加-es，如：family-families,4以f 或 fe结尾，变 f 或 fe 为 v,再加-es，如：knife-knives，thief-thieves 5.以o 结尾的词，分两种情况 1）有生命的+es 如：potato-potatoes tomato-tomatoes hero-heroes 9 2)无生命的+s 如：photo-photos radio-radios 6.不规则名词复数：man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,snowman-snowmen,mouse-mice,child-children,foot-feet,tooth-teeth,7.除此之外，还有一部分名词单复数同形，如：fish 鱼，deer 鹿，sheep 绵羊，Chinese 中国人，news 新闻，goods 商品,Japanese 本人 8.有一些名词则只有复数形式：trousers 裤子，shorts 短裤 glasses 眼镜，clips 剪子 9.有些集体名词在形式上是单数如 people(人民，人们)，police(警察)，但它们表达复数的含意。如果这些词做主语，其谓语须用复数形式。10.某国人的复数有三种类型：（1）Chinese,Japanese,Swiss 三国人单数复数同形，不需加 s；（2）Englishman,Frenchman,Dutchman 复数要把 man 变为 men；（3）其他各国人以an,-ian 收尾的均直接加。如：Americans,Australians,Indians 可依照这个口诀记忆：中日不变，英法变，其他s加后面。二、不可数名词 不可数名词一般没有复数形式，只有单数形式。当它做主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。它的前面不能用不定冠词 a/an 1.不可数名词如何量化：就是在不可数名词前面加上数词+量词+of，比如：a piece of bread（paper(纸),cloth(布),coal(煤),news(新闻),advice(意见),information(信息),meat(肉)a bottle of ink 一瓶墨水等。当量词可数，且前面的数词大于一时，量词需要用复数形式，如 two bottles of water 两瓶水 two pieces of paper 两张纸等；同时，可数名词也有相应用法，如：a box of apples 一箱苹果 six boxes of apples 六箱苹果 等。2.最常见的不可数名词有：Advice(建议）,change(零钱),hair（头发）,homework（回家作业）,information（信息）,knowledge（知识）,money（钱）,news（消息）,progress（进步）,traffic（交通）,fun（乐趣）,weather（天气）,music（音乐）,health（健康）,luck（好运）,water（水）,time（时间）,rain（雨）,truth（真相）,ice（冰）等【应用】一.用所给名词的适当形式填空：1.How many_(sheep)are there on the hill?2.There is some_(food)in the basket.3.The baby has only two_(tooth)now.4.There is a lot of_(water)in the bottle.5