通用版高三英语一轮复习第1部分基础知识解读Units34教师用书牛津译林版选修64520.pdf

1 通用版高三英语一轮复习第 1 部分基础知识解读Units34 教师用书牛津译林版选修 6 .写作单词会拼写 1random n&adj.随机，随意 2fundamental adj.根本的，十分重大的；基础的 3abolish vt.废除，废止(法律、制度、习俗等)4compromise vi.&n.妥协，让步 5submit vi.&vt.顺从；投降；提交 6substitute vt.&vi.替换，替代 n.替代者，替代品 7underline vt.强调；突出；加下划线 8strike vt.击打；撞击；攻击；罢工 9burden n.负担，重担，重负 10deliver vt.&vi.递送，运送；发表(演讲)，宣布 11symbol n.象征，代表 symbolize vt.象征，代表 12object vi.反对，不赞成 objection n.异议 13similar adj.相似的，类似的 similarly adv.相似地，同样地 similarity n.相似点，相像处；相似性 14disappoint v.使失望 disappointing adj.令人失望的；令人沮丧的 disappointment n.失望，令人失望的人或事 disappointed adj.(人)失望的 15ambition n.雄心，抱负；野心 ambitious adj.有抱负的；野心勃勃的 16honest adj.诚实的 2 dishonest adj.不诚实的 honesty n.诚实，老实 17consist vi.组成，构成；在于；一致 consistent adj.一致的；始终如一的；连续的 18caution n.谨慎，慎重；告诫 cautious adj.小心谨慎的 19ripen vt.&vi.(使)成熟 ripe adj.成熟的 20frequent adj.经常，频繁 frequently adv.频繁地，经常.阅读单词要识记 21virtue n 美德，德行；优点 22subjective adj.主观的；主格的；主语的 23thorough adj.彻底的，完全的；细致的，深入的 24proverb n.谚语，格言 25pray vi.&vt.祷告，祈祷 高频短语会默写 1at random 随机，随意 2date back to 追溯到，始于 3get ones way 随心所欲 4split off from 脱离，分离 5by and by 不久，过一会儿 6catch on 受欢迎，流行 7count on 依靠，信赖 8hire oneself out 打工，受雇于人 9be centred around 以为中心 10be bound to 一定会；受约束而必须做某事 教材原句会背诵 句式仿写能应用 1.Strengthened by the Revolution，France became a different country.(Strengthened by the Revolution 是过去分词短语在句中作原因状1.受到老师的鼓励，她的英语进步很大。，she made 3 语，相当于一个原因状语从句)much progress in English.2.Therefore，the next time you choose your clothes，you should think more carefully about what colours to wear.(the next time 用作连词，引导时间状语从句)2.下次再有这种机会时，你就应该竭尽全力去做。，youshould try your best.3.There are monks studying Buddhist classics here，and many Buddhists come here for prayer every year.(本句属于“there ben.非谓语动词”结构)3.有许多人等在外面。There are many people .【答案】1.Encouraged by her teacher 2.The next time you have this kind of opportunity 3.waiting outside 精讲 4 个考纲单词 object vi.反对，不赞成 n物体，目标，宾语 经典例句 Do you think anyone would object if I park my car here？(朗文辞典)如果我把车停在这里，你认为会有人反对吗？(1)objection n 反对；厌恶 raise an objection to.对提出异议(2)object to sth./sb.反对某事/某人 object to(sb./sb.s)doing sth.反对(某人)做某事 Do you object to my speaking to him about it?我去和他谈谈这事，你有意见吗？He has raised a strong objection to getting(get)up so early.他十分反感这么早起床。As far as Im concerned，I have an objection(object)to charging for parking.就我个人而言，我反对停车收费。compromise vi.&n妥协，让步；协议 经典例句 After lengthy talks the two sides finally reached a compromise.(牛 4 津词典)双方经过长期的商谈终于达成了妥协。(1)reach/come to a compromise(between A and B)on sth.(A 和 B)就某事和解/达成妥协 make a compromise with 与妥协(2)compromise with sb.与某人和解；对某人让步 compromise on sth.就某事妥协/让步 We are not prepared to compromise on safety standards.我们不打算在安全标准问题上妥协。His workmates demanded that he never compromise with the bosses.(朗文辞典)他的同事们要求他决不要对老板让步。substitute vt.&vi.替换，替代 n代替者，替代品 经典例句 Pauls father only saw him as a substitute for his dead brother.(牛津词典)保罗的父亲只是把他当作他死去的哥哥来看待。(1)substitute A for Bsubstitute B with/by A 用 A 代替 B substitute for sb./sth.代替/取代某人/某物(2)as a substitute 作为替代人/替代品 a substitute for.代替的人或物 We substituted the red balls for the blue ones to see if the baby would notice.We substituted the blue balls with/by the red ones to see if the baby would notice.我们用红色球代替蓝色球看是否能够引起宝宝的注意。Water is not a proper substitute for wine.水不是酒的适当替代品。strike(struck，struck)vt.&vi.撞击；攻击；袭击；罢工；划(火柴)；打动；敲钟，报时；使突然想到 n罢工 一词多义 写出句中 strike 的含义 The workers are coming out on strike for higher wages.罢工 At midnight youll hear the clock strike twelve.敲钟，报时 It suddenly struck me that we had taken the wrong road.使突然想到 129 people were killed during the rolling attacks that struck Paris last Friday.袭击 5 A snowball struck him on the back of the head.击中(1)strike.with.用敲打 It strikes sb.that.某人突然意识/想到 be struck by.被打动；深受感动 strike a match 划火柴(2)be on strike 在罢工 go on strike 举行罢工 It suddenly struck me how we could improve the situation.我一下子明白我们如何能改善局面了。Are we likely to gain anything by going on strike?我们罢工能得到什么吗？链接写作 一句多译 他突然想到一个好主意。【导学号：92872159】(strike on)(hit on)(strike/hit sb.)(mind)(occur)(come to)(think)【答案】He struck on a good idea.He hit on a good idea.A good idea struck/hit him.A good idea came into his mind.A good idea occurred to him.A good idea came to him.He thought of a good idea.诠释 2 个核心短语 date back to 追溯到，始于 经典例句 This church dates back to the 13th century.(朗文辞典)这座教堂的历史可以追溯到 13 世纪。date from 追溯到；始于 make a date with sb.与某人约会 up to date 现代的；时新的 out of date 过时的 The news you told me was out of date but you thought it was up to date 你告诉我的新闻是过时的，但你却认为是最新的。According to the expert，the painting has a history dating(date)from the early 6 Tang Dynasty.这位专家说这幅画可追溯到初唐时期。名师点津 因追溯是从现在算起指向过去，所以这个短语常用一般现在时，也没有被动语态。(be)bound to(do).一定或注定(做)，有责任或义务(做)经典例句 There are bound to be changes when the new system is introduced.(牛津词典)引进新系统后一定会发生改变。be bound up in 热心于；忙于 be bound up with 与有密切联系 be bound for a place 前往一个地方 People began to realize that their future was closely bound up with the environment.人们开始明白，他们的未来与环境密切相关。When we make healthy habits a part of our everyday life，we are bound to keep(keep)healthy.当我们让健康的生活习惯成为我们日常生活的一部分时，我们就一定能保持健康。突破 1 个高考句型(教材 P63)There are monks studying Buddhist classics here，and many Buddhists come here for prayer every year.有和尚在这里研习佛法，还有许多佛教徒每年到这里拜佛。本句型属于“there be名词非谓语动词”结构。“there be名词非谓语动词”句型主要有以下几种形式：(1)there be名词现在分词 现在分词表示主动关系，同时表示动作正在进行。(2)there be动词过去分词 其中过去分词表示一种被动关系，同时表示动作已经发生。(3)there be名词不定式 其中不定式通常表示动作尚未发生。There were six people killed(kill)in yesterdays accident.昨天的事故中有 6 人丧生。【导学号：92872160】There are a lot of problems to solve(solve)The manager is having a hard time.有许多问题要解决，经理现在不容易。7 多角快练练单词 练短语 练句型 基础考点全面练.单句语法填空 1Hes bound (notice)your mistake.2Were all counting on (win)this contract.3 Nowadays，more and more people like to hunt for what they want at and have them (deliver)by the express company.4It is the duty of a soldier to submit (he)to the army.【导学号：92872161】5 (involve)in the bank robbery，Tod was arrested by the local police early in the morning.6The past two years (witness)a sharp rise in oil price，which adds to the burden of auto transportation industry.7This is an early church，(date)from the ninth century，which was rebuilt under the direction of San Carlo Borromeo.8Only if you work out (frequent)can you keep your figure.【答案】1.to notice 2.winning 3.delivered 4.himself 5.Involved 6.has witnessed 7.dating 8.frequently.单句改错 1Too much homework is burden to students.2Like many other countries，the color white is regarded as a symbol of purity in Indonesia.3In salute to the French and their revolution，many countries have chosen to use the same colors on their flag like the French.4Different colors are used in Beijing opera facial painting to providing a clear description of each character.5Wasting food is a shame，for there are still many people suffering hunger in the world.6There are many idioms in English，so quite a few of them come from the Bible.8 7The men out in the corridor were trying to catch with they said.8There are many students think we should know our parents income.9Another suggestion is that Susan goes to see the doctor once a month.10There is no substitute to that watch.【答案】1.burden 前加 a 2.Like 后加上 in 3 likeas 4.providingprovide 5.suffering 后加上 from 6.soand 7.with改为 on 8think 改为 thinking 9.goes 改为 go 10to 改为 for 重难考点多维练 1object 个个清(1)单句语法填空 Unless our manager objects to Toms (join)the club，we shall accept him as a member.Despite (object)by the White House，the Senate voted today to cut off aid.(2)一句多译 我不赞成花那么多的钱买牛奶。(object)(objection)(opposed)【答案】joining objections I object to paying that much for milk.I raised an objection to paying that much for milk.I was opposed to paying that much for milk.2strike 点点练(1)单句语法填空 It strikes me nobody is really in favour of the changes.I (strike)by his inspiring words，and I decided to cooperate with him.(2)句式升级 They were struck by the beauty of its buildings on their previous visit，9 so they decided to visit the small old town again.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)【导学号：92872162】【答案】that was struck Struck by the beauty of its buildings on their previous visit，they decided to visit the small old town again.